Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Compensation with normoglycemia and aglycoseurea for periods of from 6 months to 6 years was reached in 53 patients suffering from manifest diabetes mellitus, as a result of application of sulphanilurea preparations. Of this number 34 children were under insulin therapy before the beginning of sulphanilamide treatment. In 8 cases sulphanilurea preparations were cancelled with persistence of stable compensation; in 5 of them there occured normalization of GTT and in 2 GTT became doubtful. A necessity of using insulin occurred later in 21 of 53 patients (in 3 temporarily and in 18 -- constantly) as a result of intercurrent diseases, stress situations or frequent coarse breaks in the diet.
 ...
PMID:[Use of sulfonylurea preparations in the treatment of children with diabetes mellitus]. 127 88

A random sampling of males and females aged 20 to 69 (1125 males and 1243 females), residing in Moscow, were investigated. The first screening was in 1979, the final one--in 10 years. The program of the first screening included anthropometry, evaluation of the CVS, carbohydrate and fat metabolism, studies on hereditary aggravation with regard to diabetes mellitus (DM); the program of final screening included the state of carbohydrate metabolism. Data processing was done using methods of multidimensional analysis. Independent signs to be used as predictors of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus were shown to be the age of 40 and older, a general GTT index of 16, and atherogenicity coefficient values of 3.5 and lower in men, and the presence of dyslipoproteinemia in women.
 ...
PMID:[Predictors of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. 130 85

Biocyclic diterpenoids--salvin, salvicin and salvifolin, administered per os to rats at a dose of 50 mg/kg show marked hypoglycemic activity in intact animals as well as in animals with experimental hyperglycemia developing against a background of GTT (3000 mg/kg intraperitoneally) or alloxan (150 mg/kg subcutaneously). They are superior to adebit but inferior to maninil. Prophylactic and therapeutic administration of these compounds ensure the preservation of islet beta-cells in animals with alloxan diabetes.
 ...
PMID:[Hypoglycemic activity of bicyclic diterpenoids of the clerodane series as compared to adebit and maninil]. 130 97

Fourty two (12%: Group-I) out of 358 kidney transplant (Tx) recipients showed impaired glucose tolerance in pre-Tx O-GTT and the other 49 (14%: Group-II) showed that only after Tx. Insulin therapy was more frequently required and earlier started after Tx in Group-I than in Group-II, and total dosages of steroids before the initiation of insulin therapy were also smaller in Group-I. These trends were more markedly observed in the patients treated with ciclosporin (CsA) than in those with the conventional therapy. Poor graft survival rate of Group-I in long-term follow-up (> 5 years) was demonstrated. Thus, pre-Tx impaired glucose tolerance and the subsequent immunosuppressants, especially steroids and CsA, were the key factors for deteriorating glucose metabolism after Tx, and meticulous controls of drug doses and glucose levels are needed in diabetic patients, since diabetes could change the fate of kidney grafts.
 ...
PMID:[Problems and management in kidney transplant recipients with impaired glucose metabolism]. 147 Jan 67

A study was made of the indices of blood sugar on an empty stomach, GTT, blood insulin, body mass and the general status in 17 mongrels during one month after various types of resection of the pancreas: the 1st group--resection (80%), the 2nd group--resection (68%), the 3rd group--resection combined with intraarterial administration of alloxan. Insulin was determined using a standard kit RIO-INS-PG-125I by a radioimmunoassay. Alloxan was injected during operation at a dose of 250 mg (5% solution) in the upper pancreatoduodenal artery. Stable hyperglycemia, diabetogenic disturbances in GTT, a decrease in the blood level of insulin, and a clinical picture of diabetes mellitus were observed after operation in the 1st and 3rd groups. A new model of experimental diabetes mellitus in dogs (a combination of pancreas resection with intraarterial administration of alloxan) was recommended.
 ...
PMID:[A model of diabetes mellitus in dogs: combination of pancreas resection with intra-arterial administration of alloxan]. 151 94

Effects of bisoprolol and atenolol on glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients NIDDM. The aim of the study was to compare the antihypertensive efficacy and the effects on glucose metabolism of a new beta 1-selective beta-blocker with high beta 1 selectivity, bisoprolol and atenolol in 12 hypertensive patients (WHO classes I e II) suffering from untreated not insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). According to a cross-over design after a placebo run-in period of 4 weeks, the patients were randomly allocated to receive bisoprolol 10 mg o.d. or atenolol 100 mg o.d. for 4 weeks, with a four-week wash-out period between the two active treatments. In basal condition and after each therapy an intravenous glucose tolerance test (i.v. GTT, 20 g) was performed, with evaluation of serum glucose and insulin at 0, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes and glycosuria during the test. At the same time blood pressure, heart rate (supine, upright), ECG, laboratory tests were assessed and subjective tolerability was evaluated. The glucose and insulin responses to the i.v. GTT did not significantly change to basal condition. Similarly glycosuria did not show significative increment during the test with both beta-blocking therapies. Blood pressure and heart rate values were significantly reduced (p less than 0.001) after bisoprolol and atenolol treatment. During the study no side effects were reported and laboratory tests and ECG remained substantially unchanged. These data confirm the antihypertensive efficacy of bisoprolol and atenolol and demonstrate the absence of important effects of these drugs on glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients with NIDDM.
 ...
PMID:[The effects of bisoprolol and atenolol on glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. 167 33

The effect of exogenous insulin treatment on the pancreatic regeneration after major pancreatectomy was evaluated in dogs. More than 92% of the pancreas was removed near the duodenum with the main pancreatic duct left intact. All 26 dogs developed diabetes mellitus (DM) immediately after surgery, and these dogs were divided into two groups: insulin-treated group (n = 19) and noninsulin-treated group (n = 7). All seven dogs in the noninsulin-treated group died within seven weeks after surgery, whereas all dogs in the insulin-treated group survived until the twelfth week, except for six dogs sacrificed on the seventh week, and finally seven (53.8%) of 13 dogs recovered from DM. DNA and polyamine syntheses in the remnant pancreatic tissue at the third day increased more significantly in the insulin-treated group than in the noninsulin-treated group. Sigma IRI in IV-GTT was maintained more significantly in the insulin-treated group, and the regeneration rate at the seventh week was also significantly higher in the insulin-treated group than in the noninsulin treated group. Furthermore, the regeneration rate of the remnant pancreas at seventh week correlated well with DNA synthesis and ornithine decarboxylase activity on the third day. The exogenous insulin treatment after major pancreatectomy enhanced the proliferation of the remnant pancreas within the first week, and it maintained endogenous insulin secretion, promoting pancreatic regeneration.
 ...
PMID:Effect of insulin treatment on the regeneration of the remnant pancreas after major pancreatectomy in dogs. 174 42

A study was made of the interrelationship of myocardial perfusion with physical working capacity in different types of DM (with the duration of disease from 4 to 8 years without clinical signs of circulatory insufficiency). Rated physical exercise testing in 12 patients with insulin dependent diabetes and 27 patients with noninsulin dependent diabetes as well as in 40 healthy subjects has shown a GTT decrease in diabetes mellitus irrespective of patient's age, sex and body mass to be more marked in noninsulin dependent type and to be closely related to disturbed oxygen supply of the heart and a lowered myocardial reserve. Bicycle ergometric testing combined with 201Tl scintigraphy in 20 patients has shown disorder of perfusion in all the patients irrespective of a diabetes type and duration of disease. Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus was characterized by stable perfusion defects resulting from metabolic derangements, and noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus was characterized by a decrease in the level of a maximum Tl uptake by the myocardium and transient perfusion defects of ischemic type.
 ...
PMID:[Physical working capacity and myocardial perfusion in patients with diabetes mellitus]. 178 5

The paper is devoted to a study of mechanisms of deterioration of blood rheological properties in disturbed carbohydrate metabolism in 17 patients with disorders in GTT and in 83 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The level of lipids, the spectrum of fatty acids (SFA) were determined in the blood plasma using gas chromatography by an original method, proposed by the authors for assessment of the rheological properties of erythrocytes (rotation viscosimetry of erythrocyte suspension in standard hematocrit of 45%). The concentrations of saturated and polyunsaturated acids in the blood plasma of persons with disturbed GTT and DM were increased, and the concentration of linoleic acid was lowered. More noticeable changes were observed in insulin dependent DM. A simultaneous increase in the viscosity of erythrocyte suspension at low rates of a shift in the DM group and change of the spectrum of fatty acids were revealed. Changes in the plasma SFA composition can be one of the causes of deteriorated rheological properties of erythrocytes.
 ...
PMID:[Free fatty acid spectrum and rheological properties of erythrocytes in people with disturbed glucose tolerance and in patients with diabetes mellitus]. 185 93

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the changes of gastrointestinal hormones and pancreatic functions after major pancreatectomy in dogs and human. After more than 92% pancreatectomy in dogs, all dogs developed diabetes mellitus (DM). In these dogs, the remnant pancreas showed poor regeneration rate of 24.0% at 6 weeks, decreased sigma IRI in IV-GTT had not been recovered, pancreatic glucagon response was diminished, pancreatic exocrine function had been declined with increased plasma levels of secretin and CCK, and gastric secretion increased in spite of diminished gastrin response. After 74 to 92% pancreatectomy, 17.6% of dogs developed DM. The dogs with DM had poor pancreatic regeneration rate of 22.7% at 12 weeks, hypersecretion of glucagon and decreased gastric secretion with low plasma concentration of gastrin. On the other hand, in dogs without DM, pancreatic regeneration rate showed 42.7% at 12 weeks, insulin release and pancreatic exocrine function had been recovered well, and plasma CCK levels increased without changes of gastric secretion. In the clinical study, gastric secretion, CCK response and pancreatic endocrine and exocrine functions had been maintained better after pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy than after conventional pancreaticoduodenectomy.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical and experimental studies on pancreatic functions and gastrointestinal hormones after major pancreatectomy]. 194 87


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>