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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Investigations on carbonhydrates were carried out with special regard to acid mucopolysaccharides and glycogen. The fluorescence-microscopical proof of acid micropolysaccharides with acridinorange (pH=3,3) and by means of the pseudoisocyanin-reaction (proof of-SO3H-groups) gave positive results on elastic membranes of blood vessels. These results were correlating to the increase of the diabetes mellitus. Healthy Wistar-rats did not show metachromasia with toluidinblue in the walls of the blood vessels, whereas in streptozotocin-diabetes there was strong metachromasia shown by these structures. The stages of diabetes in man were also correlated to an increase of metachromasia. The PAS-reaction, the staining with Best's carmine and the reaction with alizarinblue S for the proof of glycogen were positive in all blood vessels investigated.
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PMID:[Histotopochemical investigations on elastic membranes of blood vessels with special regard to diabetes mellitus. II. Carbohydrates (author's transl)]. 13 50

Isolated pancreatic islets from Wistar-Lewis rats were transplanted into the liver of diabetic allogeneic recipients to assess ability to prevent diabetic renal and ophthalmic complications. At nine months, the diabetic animals without transplants showed significant increase in PAS-positive material in the renal glomerular mesangium and thickening of glomerular arterioles as compared with normal nondiabetic animals. New vessel formation was also significant in the retina and retinal capillary dilation. Animals in which diabetes had been corrected by early pancreatic islet transplantation were completely protected from these changes, showing no significant pathologic change when compared with normal animals.
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PMID:Prevention of vascular complications of diabetes by pancreatic islet transplantation. 13 Aug 50

Normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rats have been maintained for 6--11 months on completely balanced, reconstituted diets in which the sole source of carbohydrate was either 68% corn starch or 68% sucrose. The retinal vascular system was isolated by trypsin digestion and examined histologically for the presence of tortuosity and irregularity of capillary diameter, increased PAS-positive deposits, microaneurysms, loss of pericytes, endothelial proliferation, acellularity and strand formation. None of these pathological changes occurred in normal rats fed a starch-rich diet, but all developed to a similar extent in the sucrose-fed normal rats and the starch-fed diabetic group. The changes were more severe in sucrose-fed diabetic rats after 6 months. In all groups the retinopathy progressed with time. The possibility that a factor common to both the ingestion of a sucrose-rich diet and streptozotocin diabetes in rats has been considered since, histologically, the retinopathy observed was identical both with respect to severity and rate of development in normoglycaemia, sucrose-fed and hyperglycaemia, starch-fed diabetic rats.
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PMID:The development of retinopathy in sucrose-fed and streptozotocin-diabetic rats. 13 21

An intravenous injection of 40 or 65 mg/kg streptozotocin induced not only diabetes but also severe hypertension in rats. Whereas the hyperglycemia developed fully within a few days after the injection of streptozotocin, the hypertension progessively advanced and reached maximum level several weeks after the treatment and lasted more than 20 weeks. Twenty mg/kg streptozotocin did not induce hyperglycemia but significantly increased blood pressure several weeks after the treatment. Arrest of growth, polyuria, glycosuria, hyperlipemia and lenticular cataracts developed in the animals treated with 40 or 65 mg/kg streptozotocin, but in none of the animals treated with 20 mg/kg. In histological examinations in the 24th week after the treatment, degranulation and necrosis in the pancreatic beta-cells, and vacuolization and deposition of PAS-positive materials in the renal proximal tubules were found in the animals treated with 40 or 65 mg/kg streptozotocin.
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PMID:Chronic hypertension induced by streptozotocin in rats. 15 77

In the paper the author is concerned with the histochemical estimation of the metabolic adaptation of the heart muscle of albino rats during an early experimental alloxan diabetes. It has been found that the state of experimentally produced insulin deficiency directly influences metabolism of the heart muscle and the changes observed in the histochemical reactions prove this. An increase in the intensity of histochemical reactions concerns the PAS-positive reaction and the reactions to the NADH and NADPH tetrazole reductase activities. Alkaline phosphatase shows a decrease in the enzymatic activity, whose nature is transitional and reversible with regard to cytochrome oxidase and ATP-ase. The histochemical picture of metabolic changes depends on the duration time of experimental diabetes.
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PMID:Some histochemical observations on the myocardial metabolism in experimental conditions. Part I. 21 83

A histological study (hematoxylin-eosin staining, and PAS-reaction) of the kidneys was carried out in 5 pubertal rats with diabetic test for glucose tolerance from the progeny of a female with alloxan diabetes and intact male. Changes of the type of diabetic intracapillary glomerulosclerosis were revealed. There were no changes in the kidneys of pubertal rats from the progeny of intact female and male, and an intact female and a male rat with alloxan diabetes.
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PMID:[Histopathological changes in the kidneys of the progeny of rats with aloxan diabetes]. 52 42

In order to identify prolactin-producing tumours in human pituitary glands, 45 chromophobe adenomas, obtained from unselected necropsies, have been studied by various staining procedures including the immunoperoxidase technique for the demonstration of prolactin. The presence of immunoreactive prolactin was revealed in the cytoplasm of the tumour cells in six cases (13%), indicating that the occurrence of prolactin-producing adenomas is not rare. No correlations were established between tumours and clinical history. Two adenomas were detected in female and four in male patients. The age of the patients at necropsy ranged from 28 to 75 years. Three adenomas were associated with disseminated carcinoma, two with fatal liver disease, and one with diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and pyelonephritis. Manifest endocrine symptoms were not disclosed, and endocrine investigations, including measurements of blood prolactin levels, were not undertaken. Thus, direct evidence is lacking as to whether or not these tumours were actively secreting prolactin. In the non-tumorous parts of the anterior lobes the number of prolactin cells was decreased in two cases, suggesting that prolactin released from the adenoma cells suppressed prolactin production in the non-tumorous pituitary. However, the number of prolactin cells of the non-tumorous adenohypophysis seemed to be unchanged in two and increased in another two cases. The present findings conclusively proved the existence of the prolactin-producing adenomas as a distinct entity. These tumours do not stain with acid or basic dyes, they are PAS or thionin negative, and do not contain immunoreactive growth hormone. Thus, by conventional staining procedures they are indistinguishable from other chromophobe adenoma types. Herlant's erythrosin and Brookes' carmoisine methods, claimed spedifically to stain prolactin cells, failed to provide reliable results, hence their use cannot be recommended in tumour identification. Immunoperoxidase staining of prolactin is the only technique which conclusively reveals the presence of immunoreactive prolactin in the cytoplasm of the tumour cells and permits diagnosis. It is proposed that this technique be introduced in pituitary morphological studies. Its application may lead to a better understanding of problems related to prolactin-producing tumours and their secretory activity.
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PMID:Localization of prolactin in chromophobe pituitary adenomas: study of human necropsy material by immunoperoxidase technique. 77 66

A quantitative morphological study, at light microscopical level, of hearts from young diabetics and nondiabetics was performed. The groups were comparable with respect to sex-ratio, age, heart weight and blood pressure. Findings in the hearts were as follows: In arterioles in which the luminal diameter ranged between 15-50 mu, a strongly PAS-positive stained vessel wall occurred at a higher frequency among diabetics than among non-diabetics (75 per cent respectively 33 per cent). The PAS-positive structures, however, occupied the same area of the vessel wall in the two groups. In arterioles from diabetics, the number of cells in tunica media was increased as compared with that in non-diabetics (2 p less than 0.01). The amount of perivascular connective tissue was also increased in the diabetics (2 p less than 0.01). There was no indication of an endothelial cell proliferation in the PAS-positive stained vessels from diabetics and non-diabetics. The wall of the capillaries was not thickened and it was not more PAS-positive in the hearts from diabetics than in those from non-diabetics. Moreover, the number of capillaries per square millimeter of heart muscle was the same in the two groups of hearts. In the present light microscopical study, the diabetic micro-angiography of the heart was demonstrable in the arterioles. The capillaropathy known to occur in other organs was not present in the heart muscle from patients with diabetes of long standing.
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PMID:Diabetic cardiopathy. Quantitative histological studies of the heart from young juvenile diabetics. 97 Jan 29

The purpose of the study was to analyse the correlation between the blood glucose values and the quantity of PAS-positive substances in lymphocytes observed in different groups of subjects during oral glucose loading. In 300 subjects--100 persons with a normal OGTT, 100 pregnant women (with normal, borderline and diabetic OGTT), 50 diabetic patients, 20 borderline cases of diabetes, and 30 persons with a 'lag form' OGIT--the PAS-index was measured at each point of the OGTT. The values of the PAS-index curve followed the values of the blood glucose level, and the results obtained in different groups of persons were compared. It has been shown that an increased value of the PAS-index is an early sign of disturbed carbohydrate metabolism and that differences between borderline and manifest diabetics, as well as between these groups and normal control persons, are significant.
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PMID:Comparison between cytochemical changes, concentration of PAS-positive substances in peripheral blood lymphocytes and changes of blood glucose values during the oral glucose tolerance test. 122 6

A 'screening' test is needed to identify patients with chronic pancreatitis among diabetics in tropical field surveys. We have examined the potential diagnostic yield of the BT-PABA/PAS test of exocrine pancreatic function in this setting. The recoveries of both PABA and PAS in eight healthy controls from Madras, south India, were lower than in controls from Manchester, north west England (mean +/- S.D., 51 +/- 11 vs. 79 +/- 7%, P < 0.001 for PABA; 52 +/- 11% vs. 81 +/- 7%, P < 0.001 for PAS) but the % PABA/PAS excretion index (PEI) was similar (0.96 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.96 +/- 0.06). Using a cut-off value of 0.75 for the PEI in a study group including eight patients with chronic pancreatitis and 26 with primary forms of diabetes, test sensitivity was 75%, specificity 92%, positive predictive value 75%, negative predictive value 92% and efficiency 88%.
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PMID:The BT-PABA/PAS test in tropical diabetes. 147 73


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