Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dietary boron, in concentrations similar to that found in human diets comprised mainly of fruits and vegetables, affects both mineral and energy metabolism. Therefore, the effects of boron on a model system with a perturbed metabolic insulin-vitamin D3 axis was examined. Weanling male rats were fed a ground corn-high protein casein-corn oil-based diet (0.06 mg B/kg; no supplemental vitamin D3) supplemented with B (as orthoboric acid) at 0 or 2.4 mg/kg. After 55 days, all rats were equilibrated in individual metabolic cages for 6 days. After another 6 days, one half of the rats in both dietary groups were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin (STZ). All rats were killed 3 days after STZ treatment. STZ affected many aspects of mineral metabolism as expected. Plasma ionized calcium concentrations fell by approximately 10% in STZ-treated rats. Brain and heart mineral metabolism was spared from the toxic effects of STZ whereas spleen mineral metabolism was especially vulnerable to STZ. Supplemental dietary boron increased urinary excretion of calcium in the non-STZ rats but did not affect the plasma concentrations of alkaline phosphatase, ionized calcium or the concentration of calcium in the brains, lungs, kidneys and spleens of those animals. Supplemental dietary boron temporarily reduced the abnormally elevated renal excretion of albumin, potassium and sodium during the acute phase of diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, physiological amounts of dietary boron exacerbated the abnormally elevated rate of collagen breakdown in the STZ animal. Finally, boron may have indirectly affected heart mineral metabolism because dietary boron did not affect cardiac boron concentrations but did affect cardiac copper, calcium, manganese, molybdenum and phosphorus concentrations, primarily in non-STZ rats. The findings suggest that dietary boron has both protective and regulatory roles in mineral metabolism.
 ...
PMID:Effects of dietary boron on calcium and mineral metabolism in the streptozotocin-injected, vitamin D3-deprived rat. 166 22

Two cases of EBA were presented. Both patients with the symptoms of the disease were previously treated with nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs. A considerable improvement of the patients condition has been noticed after the application of high doses of glucocorticosteroids. However, there were observed symptoms of a mild post-steroidal diabetes. In the histologically examined biopsies from lesions and from skin without any clinical changes were found subepidermal bulla containing serous fluid, erythrocytes and neutral granulocytes. At the patient no. 1 there were found linear deposits of IgG and fraction of C3 complement in the structure of a basal membrane. Ultrastructural research showed in both cases presence of subepidermal bulla located beneath lamina densa of a basal membrane. In the place of bulla there was observed a visible damage of anchoring fibres and collagen of a papillary layer of inner skin.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical, histopathologic, immunofluorescent and ultrastructural estimation of 2 cases of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita]. 167 34

Enzymatically mediated crosslinks and nonenzymatic glycation were quantified in granulation tissue collagen in two models of hyperglycemia, diabetes and galactosemia, that have opposite effects on collagen solubility. The effects of castration, which alters collagen solubility, was also investigated. Collagen from both diabetic and galactosemic rats had significantly increased levels of dihydroxylysinonorleucine (DHLNL), a difunctional reducible crosslink. Galactosemic rats had significantly decreased levels of hydroxypyridinium, a trifunctional product of DHLNL and hydroxylysine, relative to control values, while diabetic rats had normal levels. Values for all other detectable crosslinks in collagen from hyperglycemic rats were indistinguishable from control values. Nonenzymatic glycation was increased in both groups of hyperglycemic rats. In diabetic rats, but not in galactosemic rats, nonenzymatic glycation was strongly correlated with DHLNL content. Castration had no effect on crosslink content of collagen from diabetic or galactosemic rats. This study demonstrates that (1) collagen crosslinking is abnormal in granulation tissue collagen in both experimental diabetes and galactosemia, (2) these changes are similar to those observed in skin collagen from insulin-dependent diabetic subjects and (3) the crosslinking abnormalities are not correlated with alterations in collagen solubility. We conclude that hyperglycemia-associated increases in immature crosslinks cannot account for altered collagen solubility, although impaired maturation of such crosslinks may be partially responsible for the lathyrogenic effect of galactosemia.
 ...
PMID:Lysyl oxidase-mediated crosslinking in granulation tissue collagen in two models of hyperglycemia. 167 90

In order to elucidate the association between hyperglycemia and the vascular complications of diabetes, the effects of high glucose concentrations on the migration, proliferation and tube formation of bovine carotid artery endothelial cells were investigated. Cells treated with 16.7 and 33.3 mM glucose for 6 days showed 1.69- and 1.75-fold increase in serum-induced migration compared with cells treated with 5.6 mM glucose (p less than 0.05). The effect of glucose on cell proliferation was affected by serum concentration. When this was below 0.5%, a high glucose concentration stimulated cell growth to a maximum of 1.73 times that at a serum concentration of 0.05% (p less than 0.01) whereas at a serum concentration of 10%, growth was inhibited (p less than 0.05). Tube formation was studied by culturing the cells between two layers of collagen gel. Ultrastructurally, tubular structures were composed of one to several endothelial cells containing pinocytotic vesicles and cytoplasmic projections, and linked by junctional complexes. A basal lamina-like structure surrounded the abluminal surface. Treatment of the cells with 16.7 and 27.8 mM glucose for 4 days stimulated tubular elongation 1.85 and 1.71 times, respectively (p less than 0.01). Other osmogenic molecules such as mannitol and sucrose did not affect tube formation. These data imply that high glucose concentrations mimicking diabetic hyperglycemia may not inhibit the repair of endothelial injury and could act as a stimulator of neovascularization.
 ...
PMID:Effects of glucose on migration, proliferation and tube formation by vascular endothelial cells. 168 13

In long-term diabetes mellitus, thickening of basement membrane in capillaries and small vessels is a characteristic lesion and plays an important role in the progression of diabetic microangiopathy. We have developed a sandwich enzyme immunoassay for human serum type IV collagen peptide with monoclonal antibodies. Previous studies suggested that collagen levels reflect the activity of fibrogenesis in basement membrane. Serum type IV collagen levels were measured in 137 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients (aged 50-75 yr) with or without clinical signs of retinopathy, nephropathy, and/or neuropathy and 110 healthy subjects (aged 50-75 yr) without serological abnormality. Serum concentrations of type IV collagen were significantly higher (P less than 0.01) in diabetic patients (mean +/- SE 124.1 +/- 4.1 ng/ml) than in healthy subjects (73.9 +/- 2.2 ng/ml) and were increased with the prevalence or incidence of diabetic complications. In the patients with diabetic microangiopathy, serum type IV collagen levels became higher as clinical signs worsened. Especially in the patients with diabetic nephropathy, serum type IV collagen levels became higher with elevation of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and serum beta 2-microglobulin but not urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. These observations indicated that elevation of serum type IV collagen in diabetic nephropathy was related to glomerular filtration dysfunction rather than renal tubular dysfunction. However, the antigen, which can be detected by our assay system, did not exist in urine specimens of healthy subjects, and an intimate relationship was not observed between serum type IV collagen level and serum creatinine level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Diabetes 1990 Aug
PMID:Serum type IV collagen concentrations in diabetic patients with microangiopathy as determined by enzyme immunoassay with monoclonal antibodies. 169 88

Iloprost, a stable prostacyclin analog, was evaluated clinically for its ability to ameliorate the symptoms of peripheral neuropathy associated with diabetes. In an open, nonrandomized trial, 13 diabetic patients with neuropathy but without proliferative retinopathy received an intravenous infusion of Iloprost at a dose of 10 micrograms, at a rate of 0.1 micrograms/kg/h, twice daily for two weeks. The administration of Iloprost relieved the majority of such subjective symptoms as pain, numbness or sensation of cold and to a lesser extent, such autonomic symptoms as dizziness. In contrast, there was little evidence of objective improvement, e.g., in motor nerve conduction velocity. Iloprost treatment significantly inhibited the platelet aggregation rate stimulated by collagen in vitro. In the one patient tested, thermography revealed an increase in skin temperature by more than 2 degrees C. Side effects associated with Iloprost included headache (3 patients) or aggravation of pain in the extremities (2 patients) and could be ameliorated by slowing the infusion rate or by discontinuing the drug (one patient). Iloprost appears to be safe and effective for relieving the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. Our results provide the rationale for a double-blind, clinical trial in larger populations of diabetics with peripheral neuropathy.
 ...
PMID:Clinical efficacy of a stable prostacyclin analog, iloprost, in diabetic neuropathy. 170 9

Serum levels of type IV collagen (7S-IV) and laminin P1 in 185 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients were significantly higher than those in normal subjects. Furthermore, they were significantly elevated in relation to the excretion of urinary albumin, showing their increases even at the stage of microalbuminuria, although they were not correlated with HbA1c or age in diabetic patients. Thus, the determination of serum levels of basement membrane components, 7S-IV and laminin, could be beneficial as the early indices of diabetic microangiopathy, including diabetic nephropathy.
 ...
PMID:Clinical implications of serum levels of basement membrane components in diabetic patients with and without albuminuria. 177 44

Quantitative finger nailfold capillary microscopy was performed in 25 patients with type I diabetes and in 27 healthy control subjects. In the last consecutive 6 patients and 7 controls of these populations, finger nailfold biopsies were taken. Measurements of loop width as an in vivo parameter for deformities of the capillary loops showed significantly higher values in diabetic patients than in controls. Histopathological examination showed markedly and significantly increased deposition of collagen in nailfold dermal papillae of the diabetic patients. The deposition of collagen was positively correlated with the number of capillary endothelial cells in the nailfold dermal papillae and with the size of the papillae in diabetic patients. It is concluded that, in addition to deformity of nailfold capillaries, collagen deposition may also be a sign of metabolic disturbance and perhaps of proliferation of capillary endothelial cells in diabetic microangiopathy.
 ...
PMID:Increased collagen around deformed finger nailfold capillaries in type I diabetes mellitus. 177 Jul 52

Platelet count, spontaneous platelet aggregation, ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation platelet adhesion, platelet volume, shape change, beta-thromboglobulin and von-Willebrand-factor have been investigated in 51 insulin dependent diabetic children without clinical signs of diabetic angiopathy. Compared to an age matched healthy control group diabetic children showed a significant enhancement of spontaneous platelet aggregation, elevated plasma levels of von-Willebrand-factor, increased platelet shape change and adhesion. No alterations could be found in ADP--and collagen--induced platelet aggregation and in beta-thromboglobulin levels. Significant correlations could be found between the total glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations (Hb A1) and spontaneous platelet aggregation, as well as between duration of diabetes Hb A1, and platelet volume. In this study we could demonstrate changes in platelet function in diabetic children without clinical signs of diabetic angiopathy. However these changes could be due to metabolic adjustment and may precede diabetic vasculopathy.
 ...
PMID:[Thrombocyte function in children with Type I diabetes mellitus. Cross-sectional study]. 177 Sep 58

It was found that streptozotocin-induced diabetes is accompanied by increased proteolytic activity and decreased collagen biosynthesis in rat skin wounds. External application of cathepsin D inhibitor from potatoes normalized the proteolytic activity and restored collagen biosynthesis in wounded skin of these animals.
 ...
PMID:Cathepsin D inhibitor from potato reverses inhibition of collagen biosynthesis in wounded skin of rats with experimental diabetes. 179 92


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>