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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ninety insulin-dependent diabetic children were HLA-typed in order to elucidate the role played by HLA complex-linked genes in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus of childhood. HLA-Aw30 and HLA-Bw35 were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in the diabetic group as compared with controls. In relation to age at onset of diabetes, HLA-B8 was significantly increased in the 0-5-year group. By dividing the patients according to the season at onset of the disease, only HLA-Aw30 in the October-January group reached the level of significance.
Diabetes 1977 Sep
PMID:HLA antigens in diabetic children. 7 Mar 86

The etiology, frequency and prognosis of recurrent Bell's palsy were studied in patients with peripheral paresis of n.facialis of various etiology. Fourteen (11.9%) of 117 patients with Bell's palsy had a recurrent paresis of n.facialis. Nine of these were of homolateral and five contralateral type. Seven recurrent facial paralyses in idiopathic Bell's palsy (i.e. 10.4% of the patients with idiopathic facial palsy), 3 facial palsies of viral origin (i.e. 8.8% of the patients with viral facial palsy), one in association with diabetes mellitus, one during pregnancy, one combined with positive rheumatic serological tests, and one in a case of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome were found. The frequency and heterogenity of etiology of recurrent facial palsies suggest a predisposing factor or immune mechanisms. In eight patients there was within 6 to 8 weeks a good, in two patients a moderate and in four patients a poor recovery of function. The greater reduction of the compound action potential of the m.orbicularis oris in recurrent homolateral facial palsy in relation to patients with single manifestation point out the greater denervation and therefore the poorer prognosis of recurrent palsies. A prophylactic decompression to prevent a third attack of recurrent facial paresis is considered.
J Neurol 1977 Sep 12
PMID:Recurrent Bell's palsy. Etiology, frequency, prognosis. 7 1

The long-term (7-year) effects of oral contraceptive steroids including a combination of norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol, a sequential regimen of dimethisterone and ethinyl estradiol, and daily administration of megestrol acetate were studied in female beagle dogs at dose levels of 1, 10, or 25 times the projected human dose levels. The major findings included cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra requiring hysterectomies and alopecia for the norethindrone-ethinyl estradiol and dimethisterone-ethinyl estradiol treated dogs. These groups did not have accentuated mammary development or treatment related hyperplastic or neoplastic changes. For dogs given dimethisterone-ethinylestradiol, numerous acnelike lesions occurred in the skin of the mammary areas. Dogs given the higher dose levels of megestrol acetate had marked mammary stimulation, hyperplastic and neoplastic changes in the mammary glands, and clinical and pathologic changes typical of diabetes mellitus. Mammary changes of nodular hyperplasia, benign tumor, and adenocarcinoma appeared as distinct entitles although constant and intense mammary stimulation may be a common denominator. The relevance of the canine mammary changes to projecting potential tumorigenisis in women is questioned.
J Toxicol Environ Health 1977 Sep
PMID:Problems in evaluating chronic toxicity of contraceptive steroids in dogs. 7 28

Men who participated in the Whitehall survey and were found to be glucose intolerant have been studied 6--8 years later, together with a control group of men with normal screening blood-sugar levels. Ophthalmoscopically visible microvascular retinal disease was confined to men diagnosed as probably diabetic after the survey because their 2 h blood-sugar level (after a 50 g oral glucose load) in the survey examination or during a subsequent standard oral glucose-tolerance test was greater than or equal to 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/l). The lowest blood-sugar in a "diabetic" subsequently found to have retinopathy was 229 mg/dl. Men with lesser degrees of glucose intolerance, including 34 who had "worsened to diabetes", did not have visible retinovascular disease at follow-up. If diabetes implies a risk of specific microvascular complications in the medium term, then the findings in this study support proposals for the revision of diagnostic criteria based on glucose-tolerance tests.
Lancet 1979 Sep 01
PMID:Oral glucose-tolerance tests and the diagnosis of diabetes: results of a prospective study based on the Whitehall survey. 8 97

In the present study fast axonal transport was examined in streptozotocin rats with 4 weeks duration in diabetes. Tritiated leucine and 14C-labelled glucosamine were injected into the fifth lumbar ganglion and TCA-soluble as well as insoluble activity were measured in segments of the sciatic nerve at various time intervals. (1) Time from injection until start of fast axonal transport was prolonged in diabetic rats whereas anterograde transport velocity was unchanged. (2) Incorporation of labelled leucine was reduced by 40%, whereas labelled glucosamine incorporation was unchanged. (3) Alterations observed in accumulations of labelled glycoconjugates proximal and distal to a collection crush might represent a decreased amount of retrograde transported material. The changes found in protein and glycoconjugate synthesis and transport could be related to the early reduction in axon calibre and conduction velocity in peripheral nerve of streptozotocin-diabetic rat.
Brain Res 1979 Sep 14
PMID:Axonal transport in early experimental diabetes. 9 May 40

A 53-year-old white woman developed diabetes mellitus, migratory erythema, and anemia, clinical features suggesting the presence of a "glucagonoma." Ten years earlier, after laparotomy and pancreatic biopsy, she had been told that she had an inoperable pancreatic carcinoma. Review of that biopsy together with current hormonal assay now confirms the diagnosis of glucagonoma. The recurrent peptic ulcer in this patient despite high levels of glucagon, a gastric inhibitory agent, is noted but not explained. An enhanced amylase-creatinine clearance ratio supports the notion that glucagon increases the clearances of amylase.
J Clin Gastroenterol 1979 Sep
PMID:Glucagonoma, chronic recurrent peptic ulcer disease, and enhanced amylase-creatinine clearance ratio. Report of a case with review of the literature. 9 10

Streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the rat can be reversed by the transplantation of isogenic islets of Langerhans from neonatal donors. We studied the morphology of intraportally transplanted islets with the aid of the immunoperoxidase staining technique to identify insulin-, glucagon-, somatostatin-, and pancreatic polypeptide-containing cells at 24 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 39 weeks, and 65 weeks after transplant. Embolized pancreatic tissue, composed of approximately 80% acini and 20% islets, is initially distributed throughout the liver mainly to terminal branches of the portal system. Endothelialization and organization occur rapidly with the smaller fragments and within the first 4 weeks for larger thrombi. Exocrine pancreatic elements largely disappear as islet cells move into the hepatic lobules from the portal spaces. At 65 weeks after transplant, all islet cell types can be identified within large complex islet structures. The results of this study establish the survival and continued function of all known rat pancreatic islet cell types long after transplantation and support the theory that islet transplantation may represent the most physiologic replacement of hormonal deficiencies in the diabetic recipient.
Am J Pathol 1978 Sep
PMID:The fate of intraportally transplanted islets in diabetic rats. A morphologic and immunohistochemical study. 9 48


Diabetes 1978 Sep
PMID:Effects of pancreatic islet transplantation on the increased urinary albumin excretion rates in intact and uninephrectomized rats with diabetes mellitus. 9 42

The present experiments have tested the hypothesis that ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions enhance insulin secretion by neural mechanisms. Rats were made diabetic by injecting streptozotocin to destroy their own pancreatic beta-cells. Subsequently, transplants of fetal pancreatic tissue were placed under the renal capsule. VMH lesions were placed in rats whose diabetes was cured with transplants as well as sham-transplanted animals. The animals were followed for 4 wk. The lesioned rats with pancreatic transplants gained no more weight than the sham-operated controls. There was no significant rise in insulin in the transplanted rats after VMH lesioning, but the VMH lesioned rats with intact pancreatic tissue showed the expected rise in insulin. Food intake rose 71% in the VMH lesioned rats with intact beta-cells, but only 23% in the VMH lesioned rats with transplants. Hypertrophy of the pancreatic islets was also observed in the VMH lesioned rats with an intact pancreas, but was not found in the VMH lesioned rats with a transplanted pancreas. Thus, transplantation of pancreatic tissue beneath the renal capsule of diabetic rats prevented the characteristic hyperphagia, hyperinsulinemia, and obesity in VMH lesioned rats whose pancreas was free from intact innervation. The results support the hypothesis that neural mediation of the rise in insulin is the primary factor in the development of hypothalamic obesity.
Am J Physiol 1978 Sep
PMID:Transplantation of pancreatic beta-cells prevents development of hypothalamic obesity in rats. 10 13


Diabetes 1979 Sep
PMID:Metabolic effects of sodium dichloroacetate in normal and diabetic dogs. 11 83


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