Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Specific allelic associations vary among ethnic groups. We studied the distribution of HLA-A,-B,-C, and -DR antigens in 34 Japanese juvenile-onset diabetic patients. The focus of our current work was HLS-DR antigens because there have been few studies of Japanese with this disease. A significant increase in the frequency of HLA-DR4 was found in patients but not in unaffected persons: DR4 was found in 56.3% of the patients versus 32.6% of the unaffected persons. However, the negative correlation between DR2 and patients was not statistically significant.
Diabetes 1982 Feb
PMID:HLA-DR specifications in Japanese with juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 681 70

It remains to be convincingly demonstrated whether insulin-requiring, ketosis-prone, lean-at-onset, type I diabetics who develop their disease after age 40 have the same disease as the children with similar characteristics. To address this question, we examined the population HLA genetic associations of this group. One hundred forty white, insulin-using diabetics with onset of disease past age 40 yr and 268 normal white controls have thus far been analyzed for HLA type. In the group of patients who were lean-at-onset and/or ketosis-prone (N = 54), there was a significantly increased frequency of DR4 (RR = 4.63; P less than 0.01) and significantly decreased frequency of DR2 (RR = 0.18; P less than 0.05) after correction. DR4 was also significantly increased after correction (RR = 5.72; P less than 0.25) in the subgroup who were both lean and ketosis-prone (N = 23). No significant differences in HLA-DR frequencies were found between the obese and not-ketosis-prone group (N = 69) and controls. No significant associations of HLA-A or-B antigens with either group were observed after correction for the number of antigens tested. To our knowledge, this is the first such study in the United States, and the first demonstrating that late onset diabetics who are lean-at-onset and/or ketosis-prone exhibit HLA-DR antigen associations which are similar to early onset cases.
Diabetes 1982 Feb
PMID:HLA-A, -B, and -DR associations in type I diabetes mellitus with onset after age forty. 681 71

HLA frequency distributions in Fiji Indians with non-insulin dependent diabetes were compared with those in control subjects with confirmed two-hour plasma glucose levels less than 7.8 mmol/L. Antigen frequencies at HLA-A and HLA-DR loci were similar in patients and controls. At HLA-B, there was a significant increase in Bw61 (Bw40.2) in diabetics, with a relative risk for this antigen of 4.8. Since a similar finding has been reported previously in South African Indians with Insulin-dependent diabetes, it is possible that wer have defined yet another genetically-distinct form of diabetes, especially prevalent in Indians. Alternatively, definition of new HLA alleles such as Bw61, a new subdivision of an established antigen, may reveal HLA associations with non-insulin dependent diabetes in European Caucasians also.
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PMID:HLA and non-insulin dependent diabetes in Fiji indians. 694 7

In view of a possible role of genetic factors in the etiology of chronic calcific pancreatitis, we undertook a study of the frequency of HLA antigens in this disease. Sixty-four patients with chronic calcific pancreatitis were typed for the HLA-A, -B and -C loci. Fourteen of these 64 patients (21.9%) were found to have antigen B13 compared to 7.5% of 425 controls. These results have a P value of 0.00059 which remains significant (P = 0.020) even when multiplied by the total number of antigens tested. Sex, alcoholism, age at the clinical onset of the disease, presence of pain, and diabetes had no apparent influence on the distribution of HLA alleles. The significant association between chronic calcific pancreatitis and HLA antigen B13 further supports the role of genetic factors in the etiology of the disease.
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PMID:HLA-B13 and chronic calcific pancreatitis. 695 94

HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR antigens were determined in order to study the association of HLA in Japanese patients with several autoimmune diseases, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and Hodgkin's disease. The frequency of HLA-DR4 was significantly increased in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. In this study, no significant associations with A, B, or C specificities were observed except BW22 in IDDM. In contrast, the negative association with HLA-DR2 was observed in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, pemphigus vulgaris and hypertrophic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:HLA-DR specificities among Japanese with several autoimmune diseases. 695 29

Eighty-five patients with thalassemia and all available immediate family members were typed for HLA-A,B, C, and DR antigens, and the patients were tested for clinical diabetes and white cell antibodies in response to multiple blood transfusions. The antigen Bw35 was increased among both patients and their parents. This finding is consistent with previous data suggesting that this antigen may offer an independent selective advantage in populations at risk for both thalassemia and malaria. No association of the HLA system to the development of diabetes was noted. A wide variation was observed in the degree of white cell antibody response to transfusions: 25 of the 84 patients tested had significant levels of white cell antibodies while the majority (49) of the patients had essentially no antibodies. The frequency of the antigen DR2 was significantly increased in the high-response group, while the antigens Bw35 and DR7 were significantly increased in the low-response group. This finding suggests that an HLA-linked immune response or immune suppression factor or an HLA-linked susceptibility to iron toxicity may play a role in the development of these antibody responses.
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PMID:HLA-A, B, C, and DR antigen frequencies in relation to development of diabetes and variations in white cell antibody formation in highly transfused thalassemia patients. 695 55

HLA-A, B, C, and DR-typing was performed in 51 children with insulin-dependent diabetes. A close association between childhood diabetes and HLA-DR3 and DR4 was established. DR3 was found in 55% and DR4 in 75% of the diabetic children, compared with 20% and 26% respectively in healthy controls. The combination of DR3 and DR4 was present in 37% of the diabetic children compared with only 4% of the controls. This investigation provides strong evidence that the susceptibility genes for insulin-dependent diabetes are in close linkage disequilibrium with the HLA-DR locus. In diabetic children DR4 seems to be a more important susceptibility factor than in patients with manifestation of insulin-dependent diabetes after 15 years.
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PMID:HLA-DR antigens in insulin-dependent diabetes. 701 Dec 15

Recent data from the literature on the association of HLA-DR antigens with various diseases are presented. These data indicate that many diseases show stronger associations with these antigens than with other HLA-locus antigens. Included in this group are multiple sclerosis (DR2), diabetes (DR3), and pemphigus vulgaris (DR4). In earlier studies other diseases - rheumatoid arthritis and Goodpasture's syndrome, which were not found to be associated with HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens - show associations with DR4 and DR2, respectively. If population association is due to linkage disequilibrium, then the DR locus must be closer to the hypothesized disease susceptibility genes than are other HLA loci. Examination of the family data with appropriate methods of segregation and linkage analysis could clarify the genetic bases of some of these disorders.
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PMID:HLA-DR and disease associations. 702 79

Five hundred and ninety-nine patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus were typed for Bf (factor B) polymorphism, and 318 of them for HLA-A, B and C antigens. Bf and HLA antigen frequencies were compared with those in 536 normal controls. A significant positive association between Type 1 diabetes and the rare factor B variant BfF1 was found (p less than 10(-3)), but this was present only in patients aged under 16 years at onset of the disease (p less than 0.005). There was a strongly positive linkage disequilibrium between BfF1 and HLA-B18 in the diabetic patients. This, too was especially pronounced in the juvenile onset cases, in whom it was significantly stronger than in controls (p less than 10(-3)). The known positive associations between Type 1 diabetes and HLA-B8, -B15 and -Cw3 were confirmed.
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PMID:Age-related association of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with BfF1 and the HLA-B18, BfF1 haplotype. 702 28

To determine the association of histocompatability antigens (HLA) with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) in Mexican-Americans, we determined HLA-A, -B, and -C specificities in 112 unrelated patients and 332 controls, and HLA-DR specificities in 85 patients and 209 controls. We also studied immunoglobulin G (IgG) insulin antibody formation in 56 Mexican-Americans with IDD, and the relationship between antibody formation and HLA-DR antigens. IDD patients have a significant increase in HLA-DR4 compared to the control population (chi 2 = 14.75; corrected P less than 0.0001). HLA-DR2 was not detected in any patient with IDD. A significant association between HLA-Aw30 and HLA-B18 was found in IDD patients (chi 2 = 9.39; P less than 0.05) as compared to controls. IgG insulin antibody formation was significantly increased in HLA-DR3- and -DR4-negative patients compared to that in patients positive for both antigens (P less than 0.05). These findings support previous observations in caucasians and black Americans indicating that HLA-DR specificities are associated with IDD and may play a role in determining its mode of inheritance, and perhaps its pathogenesis, independent of ethnic differences. HLA-DR immune-associated antigens are also of importance in determining IgG insulin antibody formation.
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PMID:Histocompatability antigens and immunoglobulin G insulin antibodies in Mexican-American insulin-dependent diabetic patients. 703 84


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