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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the frame of an epidemiologic study of Hansen's disease (HD) sufferers, several risk factors have been investigated which might explain the high prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) among HD patients. The data analyzed in the present study are derived from 293 HD patients (157 men and 136 women). The patients, after having completed a WHO adopted questionnaire, were given a complete physical examination, a resting and an exercise electrocardiogram, and biochemical as well as hematological examinations. Coronary HD patients, when compared to noncoronary HD patients, showed statistically significant differences in the following parameters: (1) mean age, (2) mean concentration of the electrophoretic fraction of alpha-lipoproteins, (3) deviation from mean weight, (4) prevalence of hypertension, and (5) prevalence of the borderline lepromatous form of HD. However, the differences found when comparing other parameters, such as blood pressure, smoking, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, triglycerides, pre-beta and beta-lipoproteins, uric acid, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ABO blood groups, etc., did not reach the level of significance. These findings suggest that HD sufferers are a special population subgroup with reference to CHD risk factors, differing in many ways from the general population.
Clin Cardiol 1992 Jun
PMID:Coronary heart disease risk factors in Hansen's disease sufferers. 161 24

Studies using chemically-induced models of diabetes have shown the diabetic myocardium to exhibit abnormalities in cellular ion transport, which may affect susceptibility to reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. We studied the incidence of reperfusion-induced ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF) in isolated hearts from rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes and from age-matched and weight-matched control rats (n = 12 per group). Following 5 min of regional ischaemia, reperfusion resulted in a similarly low incidence of arrhythmias in all three groups. Following 10 min of regional ischaemia, the incidence of VT was 92, 100 and 92%, and the incidence of VF was 75, 92 and 92% in diabetic, age-matched control and weight-matched control groups, respectively (NS). However, among those hearts which exhibited VF, the incidence of sustained (greater than or equal to 120 s) VF was 73 and 55% in age-matched and weight-matched control groups, respectively, and 0% in the diabetic group (P less than 0.05 vs both controls). The mean duration of VF in the diabetic group was reduced from 201 +/- 33 and 171 +/- 36 s in age-matched and weight-matched control groups, respectively, to 9 +/- 3 s (P less than 0.05). Thus, streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the rat does not result in an increased susceptibility to reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. To the contrary, hearts from diabetic rats are less susceptible to potentially lethal arrhythmias during reperfusion. Likely contributory factors to this phenomenon include (i) increased myocardial content of free radical scavenging enzymes, (ii) prolonged action potential duration, and (iii) reduced activity of sarcolemmal Na+/H+ and Na+/Ca2+ exchange processes, all of which have previously been reported in similar models of diabetes.
J Mol Cell Cardiol 1992 Apr
PMID:Diabetes and susceptibility to reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias. 161 70

The associations or linkages between the polymorphisms of the Gm and Km immunoglobulin allotypes and the susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, including diseases with immuno-pathological pathogenesis are reported in this review. These diseases include multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Crohn's disease, coeliac disease, Graves' disease, atrophic thyroiditis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, chronic active hepatitis, alopecia areata, uveitis, vitiligo, Turner's syndrome, glomerular nephritis, Berger's disease and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Immunoglobulin allotypes are described as well as the statistical methods used to analyse the data.
G Ital Cardiol 1992 Jan
PMID:Gm and Km allotypes in autoimmune diseases. 162 73

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features and the prognostic factors related to early and late mortality in the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the geriatric population. We have studied 208 consecutive patients with AMI admitted to the Coronary Care Unit at the Hospital General de Asturias. Two groups were selected: group A included 102 patients older than 65 years; and 106 were younger (group B). In the group A was found a significantly lower percentage of males (52.9% vs 89.6%; p less than 0.0001) and smokers (45.1% vs 89.6%; p less than 0.0001); and older patients showed a greater incidence of diabetes mellitus (30.7% vs 16%; p less than 0.01). In the geriatric group, the clinical course of AMI is characterized by a greater incidence of heart failure (50% vs 29.2%; p less than 0.002) and cardiogenic shock (22.5% vs 7.5%; p = 0.002). Early mortality (first month) was significantly higher in elderly patients (36.3% vs 7.5%; p less than 0.001); and this increased mortality rate is partially related to an increased incidence of heart pump failure, despite having a smaller enzymatic infarct size by CPK peak (1,062 +/- 1,017 U/l vs 1,579 +/- 1,428 U/l; p less than 0.005). The multivariate analysis by stepwise logistic regression, selected diabetes mellitus, heart failure and peri-infarct bundle branch blocks as the only independent predictive variables for the early mortality.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Rev Esp Cardiol
PMID:[Myocardial infarct in the geriatric patient: the short- and mid-term prognostic factors]. 163 84

To identify patients at high risk for sudden death, a group of stable patients on maintenance dialysis with diabetes mellitus were studied for up to 135 months to determine if there were clinical, laboratory or echocardiographic predictors of high risk. Eighty-two patients on maintenance dialysis who underwent clinical, laboratory evaluation and echocardiography were enrolled and followed for a mean of 25 months for cardiac and noncardiac complications. Thirty-seven patients with normal wall motion and left ventricular (LV) internal diameter had a mean survival of 35.8 months; 28 patients survived greater than 12 months. Seven patients with normal LV wall motion and dilated LV cavities had a mean survival of 45.7 months; 7 patients survived greater than 12 months. Fifteen patients with abnormal LV wall motion and normal internal LV dimensions had a mean survival of 17 months; 7 patients survived greater than 12 months. Twenty-three patients with both abnormal LV wall motion and dilated LV cavities had a mean survival of 7.8 months; 5 patients survived greater than 12 months. Although echocardiographic abnormalities predicted cardiac mortality at 6 and 12 months, the combination of an abnormal standard electrocardiogram at baseline, clinical history of angina pectoris, and prior documented myocardial infarction or congestive heart failure did not. When the study group was divided by mode or duration of dialysis, presence or absence of diabetes, or use of cardioactive drugs, echocardiographic LV wall motion abnormalities remained the most important determinant of survival.
Am J Cardiol 1992 Aug 01
PMID:Usefulness of left ventricular size and function in predicting survival in chronic dialysis patients with diabetes mellitus. 163 92

Left ventricular (LV) function and dimensions were assessed with Doppler and M-mode echocardiography in 26 men and 17 women with newly diagnosed non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and in 13 healthy control men and 13 women. The diabetic men had lower peak filling rate normalized to mitral stroke volume than the control men (mean +/- standard error of the mean, 4.2 +/- 0.1 vs 4.9 +/- 0.3 stroke volume/s, p less than 0.01). The diabetic women had increased LV mass (102 +/- 12 vs 86 +/- 8 g/m2, p less than 0.01) and decreased fractional shortening (34 +/- 1 vs 38 +/- 1%, p less than 0.05) when compared with control women. At 3 and 15 months, 23 diabetic men and 15 women were reexamined. Concomitantly with decreasing blood glucose levels, fractional shortening improved mainly during the first 3 months and was significantly higher in both diabetic men (36 +/- 2 vs 30 +/- 2%, p less than 0.05) and women (38 +/- 1 vs 34 +/- 1%, p less than 0.05) at 15 months than at baseline. In the diabetic men, peak filling rate increased from 4.3 +/- 0.1 stroke volume/s at baseline to 4.8 +/- 0.2 stroke volume/s at 15 months (p less than 0.05). At 15 months, peak filling rate was correlated (r = 0.61, p less than or equal to 0.001) with autonomic nervous function assessed as heart rate variability during deep breathing test in diabetic men who also showed an inverse correlation between LV hypertrophy and heart rate variability throughout the follow-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Am J Cardiol 1992 Aug 01
PMID:Left ventricular function and dimensions in newly diagnosed non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 163 6

A 17-year-old male was admitted with an acute myocardial infarction. A coronarography showed 90% occlusion in of the descendent anterior artery. A coronary angioplasty was done with excellent response. As coronary risk factors he had diabetes mellitus for 5 years and dyslipidemia with a phenotype IIb and hypo-alpha-lipoproteinemia. The case is discussed in regard to the possible etiopathogenic causes for his premature atherosclerosis.
Arch Inst Cardiol Mex
PMID:[Premature atherosclerosis in a 17-year-old male with diabetes mellitus and familial dyslipoproteinemia]. 163 17

This study compares women and men undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Factors before and after coronary surgery were examined to identify variables related to mortality and morbidity. The study population included 465 women and 465 men matched for age (mean age 64.2 years) who underwent first time isolated coronary artery bypass grafting between 1983 and 1988. There were higher incidences of systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, postmyocardial infarction angina, thyroid gland disease, arthritis (p less than 0.001 for all), acute myocardial infarction (p = 0.03), congestive heart failure (p = 0.03), and emergency surgery (p = 0.02) in women, whereas more men had peptic ulcer disease (p less than 0.001). The in-hospital death rate was not significantly different (women 4.3% vs men 3.7%). For all subjects, emergency surgery (p less than 0.001), significant left main narrowing (p less than 0.05) and renal disease (p less than 0.001) were related to death, whereas history of myocardial infarction (p less than 0.05) and diabetes (p less than 0.05) were related to death only in men. Age and body surface area were not related to death. After surgery men had a higher incidence of atrial arrhythmia (p less than 0.001), and women had a higher incidence of congestive heart failure (p less than 0.001). Although women did not have a higher mortality rate, the data suggest that women and men do not share all the same predictors of mortality after surgery.
Am J Cardiol 1992 Jan 15
PMID:Patterns of referral and recovery in women and men undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. 173 56

To elucidate the role of sympathovagal interaction in diurnal variation of QT interval, 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic recordings from 56 subjects (23 control subjects, 18 patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, and 15 patients with diabetes mellitus) were studied. The QT interval at a heart rate of 60 beats/min (QT60) was determined for each of the day and night periods by regression analysis. Sympathetic and parasympathetic activities were assessed by spectral analysis of heart rate variability and represented by the low- and high-frequency components, respectively. The proportion of high-frequency component to the sum of low- and high-frequency components was used as an index of sympathovagal balance. The relative increase in QT60 at night (delta QT60 [%]) was larger in control subjects (4.2 +/- 2.1%) than in patients with coronary artery disease (2.2 +/- 1.8%; p less than 0.01) and diabetes mellitus (-1.5 +/- 4.0%; p less than 0.001). When the data from the 3 subject groups were pooled and analyzed, delta QT60 was correlated with the change in the sympathovagal balance (r = 0.554; p less than 0.001). Low-frequency component in the day alone was also related with delta QT60 (r = 0.554; p less than 0.001), but the ratio or difference of the high-frequency component value between day and night was not. These results indicate that although change in sympathovagal balance was responsible for the diurnal variation in QT interval, the enhanced sympathetic activity in the day was a major determinant of this phenomenon.
Am J Cardiol 1992 Feb 01
PMID:Role of sympathovagal interaction in diurnal variation of QT interval. 173 45

Hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and obesity are independent risk factors for coronary artery disease and are often found in the same person. This study investigated the effects of an intensive, 3-week, dietary and exercise program on these risk factors. The group was divided into diabetic patients (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM], n = 13), insulin-resistant persons (n = 29) and those with normal insulin, less than or equal to 10 microU/ml (n = 30). The normal groups had very small but statistically significant decreases in all of the risk factors. The patients with NIDDM had the greatest decreases. Insulin was reduced from 40 +/- 15 to 27 +/- 11 microU/ml, blood pressure from 142 +/- 9/83 +/- 3 to 132 +/- 6/71 +/- 3 mm Hg, triglycerides from 353 +/- 76 to 196 +/- 31 mg/dl and body mass index from 31.1 +/- 4.0 to 29.7 +/- 3.7 kg/m2. Although there was a significant weight loss for the group with NIDDM, resulting in the decrease in body mass index, 8 of 9 patients who were initially overweight were still overweight at the end of the program, and 5 of the 8 were still obese (body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2), indicating that normalization of body weight is not a requisite for a reduction or normalization of other risk factors. Insulin was reduced from 18.2 +/- 1.8 to 11.6 +/- 1.2 microU/ml in the insulin-resistant group, with 17 of the 29 subjects achieving normal fasting insulin (less than 10 microU/ml).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Am J Cardiol 1992 Feb 15
PMID:Role of diet and exercise in the management of hyperinsulinemia and associated atherosclerotic risk factors. 173 2


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