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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Exocrine pancreatic function was evaluated in 21 diabetic children on the basis of a p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) test and a determination of fasting serum amylase, pancreatic isoamylase, lipase, trypsin and elastase levels. Fecal chymotrypsin was also measured. Compared to the controls, the diabetic children had significantly lower levels of trypsin (P less than 0.001) and elastase (P less than 0.02). Fecal chymotrypsin appeared to be significantly lower (P less than 0.01) in diabetic children than in controls but in all patients fecal chymotrypsin values registered above the limit considered to be normal. No significant correlation was observed between pancreatic enzyme concentrations, serum and urinary PABA values, and chronologic age, HbA1 and insulin requirement. Only for serum PABA a significant negative correlation with duration of disease (P less than 0.01) has been observed. These data show that exocrine pancreatic function may be abnormal in children with IDDM.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1990 Mar
PMID:Exocrine pancreatic function in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 169 87

Serum amylase and isoamylase values were determined in three groups of dogs. The first group contained control dogs while the other groups contained dogs with confirmed exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and diabetes mellitus respectively. The trypsin-like immunoreactivity test was also carried out on sera from dogs with exocrine pancreatic disease (EPI). A significant difference was detected in the serum amylase values between the three groups which may be of limited diagnostic value. Dogs with EPI had values lower than normal while those with diabetes mellitus had values higher than control dogs. No evidence of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was found in dogs with diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Serum amylase and isoamylase values in dogs with pancreatic disease. 170 52

Forty-nine patients with tropical calcific pancreatitis (TCP), 51 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDMs), 87 non-insulin-dependent diabetics (NID-DMs), and 66 nondiabetic controls were studied to evaluate their exocrine pancreatic function by measurement of serum immunoreactive trypsin (IRT, normal for white caucasians from the U.K. of 140-414 micrograms/L), pancreatic isoamylase (PIA, normal of 35-125 U/L), and fecal chymotrypsin (FCT, normal of greater than 6.6 u/g). The majority of patients were studied within 1 year of diagnosis. TCP subjects included 7 nondiabetics, 6 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT-TCP), and 36 diabetics [fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD)]. There was evidence of active pancreatitis (IRT greater than 800 micrograms/L) and partial preservation of function in nondiabetic TCP subjects [median IRT of 220 micrograms/L (range of 102-1,360 micrograms/L), FCT of 2.2 u/g (range 0.7-12.8 u/g)] and also in IGT-TCP subjects [IRT of 370 micrograms/L (range of 30-1,360 micrograms/L), FCT of 4.2 u/g (range of 1-38 u/g)]. FCPDs showed severely diminished exocrine function [IRT of 50 micrograms/L (range of 0-184 micrograms/L), FCT of 0.23 u/g (range of 0-10.4 u/g)]; none showed IRT greater than 800 micrograms/L. IDDMs and NIDDMs also showed diminished exocrine pancreatic function in approximately 30 and approximately 10%, respectively. Controls showed a wide range of IRT and FCT concentrations; IRT concentrations tended to be higher than those reported in white Caucasians from the U.K. Three controls, one IDDM, and two NIDDMs showed "pancreatic" IRT concentrations in the absence of symptoms. PIA concentrations were diminished in FCPD but were similar in IDDM and NIDDM subjects compared to controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Exocrine pancreatic function (serum immunoreactive trypsin, fecal chymotrypsin, and pancreatic isoamylase) in Indian diabetics. 228 Oct 79

The development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) includes a prodrome of autoimmunity against pancreatic beta cells. The period of subclinical islet cell disease with altered beta-cell function may be prolonged. We have determined the serum pancreatic alpha-isoamylase in both young diabetes-prone (DP) and newly diabetic BB rats to test whether changes in the pancreas prior to IDDM are reflected by this enzyme, shown to be regulated by insulin. A prospective analysis of inbred BB rats (n = 28) that later developed diabetes showed that the alpha-isoamylase at the time of onset was reduced by 19% (p less than 0.02) compared with levels observed 1 week earlier and by 30% (p less than 0.01) compared with levels 2 weeks before onset. Furthermore, when compared to age-matched diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats in a cross-sectional study, the DP BB rats investigated in groups at 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 days of age had significantly lower (p less than 0.01) serum alpha-isoamylase already from 50 days of age, which is 2-6 weeks prior to the expected onset of diabetes. Finally, in 70-day-old cofostered DP and DR male rats with identical body weight and rates of growth, the serum alpha-isoamylase was decreased in the DP yet nondiabetic (n = 8) rats compared with the DR (n = 8) rats (p less than 0.05). Reduced levels of serum alpha-isoamylase, therefore, may reflect loss of beta cells or beta-cell function in the pancreas of diabetes-prone but not yet diabetic BB rats.
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PMID:Decreased levels of serum alpha-isoamylase prior to diabetes onset in BB rats. 231 91

To study incidence and cause of hyperamylasemia in various diseases, serum amylase was determined in 1371 consecutive patients and subsequent isoamylase analysis was carried out in 91 hyperamylasemic sera. Hyperamylasemia was observed in various diseases: acute pancreatitis (5/5), chronic pancreatitis (0/3), mumps (3/3), cerebrovascular diseases (2/39), respiratory diseases (6/69), heart diseases (5/89), liver diseases (16/101), cholelithiasis (0/13), diabetes mellitus (2/66), peptic ulcer (0/46), other digestive diseases (0/33), malignant tumor (9/249), renal failure (21/25), intraabdominal surgery (9/35), extraabdominal surgery (2/20), trauma (1/23), and miscellaneous (10/552). Salivary type hyperamylasemia due to dominant increase of salivary type isoamylase occurred in over half of the hyperamylasemic patients. Knowledge of hyperamylasemia in various diseases and routine isoamylase analysis of hyperamylasemic sera would enhance diagnostic accuracy and exclude unnecessary treatment of pancreatitis solely because of the presence of hyperamylasemia.
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PMID:Clinical value of routine isoamylase analysis of hyperamylasemia. 242 26

Serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity and pancreatic isoamylase were measured in 302 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (166 men) using radioimmunoassay for the former and a photocolorimetric method for the latter. There was a significant correlation between the two enzymes (r = 0.67, p less than 0.0001) with lower concentrations of both trypsin-like immunoreactivity (208.8 micrograms/L) and pancreatic isoamylase (67.5 U/L) in diabetic patients as compared to controls (p less than 0.0001). Using multiple regression analysis, a statistically significant association was only apparent between enzyme concentrations and age at onset of diabetes (r = 0.31, p less than 0.0001). The results suggest that impaired exocrine pancreatic function may occur in an appreciable proportion of diabetic patients and also that a primary insult to the exocrine pancreas occurring at the time of endocrine injury may be a contributory factor.
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PMID:Serum concentrations of trypsin-like immunoreactivity and pancreatic isoamylase in insulin dependent diabetic patients. 337 27

Diagnostic significance of a simple and rapid screening procedure for determining the relative amounts of pancreatic and salivary isoamylase using an amylase inhibitor was evaluated in 242 subjects (controls 84, acute pancreatitis nine, chronic pancreatitis 28, pancreatic cancer 14, peptic ulcer 25, liver cirrhosis 15, cholelithiasis 24, irritable colon syndrome 13, diabetes mellitus 13, mumps seven, and chronic renal failure 10). Electrophoretically separated isoamylases of saliva and pure pancreatic juice were all inhibited at similar degrees to the corresponding unfractionated amylases. Total amylase and pancreatic isoamylase were elevated in all nine patients with acute pancreatitis. Pancreatic isoamylase was decreased in 12 of 28 patients (43%) with chronic pancreatitis and increased in nine of 14 patients (64%) with pancreatic cancer. The mean pancreatic isoamylase activity in the patients with acute pancreatitis was significantly higher (p less than 0.01), while that of chronic pancreatitis was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) when compared with controls. The inhibition method offers simple, rapid, and specific analysis of serum isoamylase for the differential diagnosis of hyperamylasemia in cases of emergency.
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PMID:Differential determination of serum isoamylase using an amylase inhibitor and its clinical application. 396 56

Serum pancreatic isoamylase activities were used to assess exocrine pancreatic function in 39 patients with diabetes mellitus (21 on insulin, 12 on sulphonylureas, and six on biguanides or diet), and the results were compared with serum immunoreactive trypsin concentrations. Thirteen patients had decreased pancreatic isoamylase activity, the insulin-dependent diabetics showing the highest incidence of abnormality. This incidence of abnormality is similar to that previously described for serum immunoreactive trypsin, and the two procedures gave excellent overall correlation (r = 0.9). Our observations offer further evidence that pancreatic exocrine function is impaired in diabetes mellitus. Serum isoamylase determination provides a convenient, inexpensive, and rapid procedure for its detection.
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PMID:Serum isoamylase activities in diabetes mellitus. 616 Jan 65

Exocrine pancreatic function was studied in patients with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus using the secretin-pancreozymin test (n = 53), and estimation of immunoreactive trypsin (n = 43) and pancreatic isoamylase (n = 43). The secretin-pancreozymin test was abnormal in 23 patients (43%). The abnormalities found were a decreased output of lipase (37%), amylase (36%) or trypsin (26%) and bicarbonate (15%). Serum immunoreactive trypsin was below normal in only 6 (14%) and pancreatic isoamylase in 29 (67%) patients. There was no correlation between impairment of the secretin-pancreozymin test and decreased serum enzyme levels. It is concluded that an impairment of exocrine pancreatic function is frequent in insulin-dependent diabetics but that a decrease in serum enzymes, especially in pancreatic isoamylase, does not reflect an impairment of pancreatic function in these patients.
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PMID:Exocrine pancreatic function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 618 57

Significantly decreased activity of pancreatic isoamylase in serum was found in a group of 51 juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetics as compared to healthy subjects (p less than 0.005). No significant changes were observed for urinary p-aminobenzoic acid excretion in 20 of the juvenile-onset diabetics in whom the NBT-PABA test was performed, even though 25% of the values were below the normal limit. A highly significant decrease of serum lipase activity was found in juvenile-onset diabetics as compared to controls (p less than 0.001). No significant correlation was found in juvenile-onset diabetics between serum pancreatic isoamylase and lipase or marker of chymotrypsin activity expressed as the amount of p-aminobenzoic acid excreted into urine. The NBT-PABA test appears to be of small importance in the evaluation of changes of the exocrine pancreas in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. However, simultaneous evaluation of serum pancreatic isoamylase and lipase activities justified the suspicion of pancreatic damage in 50% of the patients tested.
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PMID:Serum lipase, isoamylase and pancreatic function test (PFT) in juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 660 80


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