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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred and forty-one randomly selected surgical patients, aged 35 years or over, were studied preoperatively, followed through their operative procedures, and reassessed during the first post-operative week for evidence of myocardial ischaemia associated with surgical operations under general anaesthesia. Of these patients 38% were found to have preoperative clinical evidence of heart disease, hypertension, or diabetes; 45% had abnormal preoperative E.C.G. patterns.Three patients experienced myocardial infarction during or within 36 hours of operation, all of the occult type; all were in the preoperative abnormal groups. Non-specific postoperative E.C.G. changes were equally common in the groups of patients with normal or abnormal preoperative electrocardiograms.A relationship existed between a rise in serum lactic dehydrogenase (L.D.H.) concentration and the field of the operation, but the diagnosis of infarction was not confused provided serum L.D.H. isoenzyme patterns and a rise in serum aspartate aminotransferase (S.G.O.T.) levels were consistent with the diagnosis.
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PMID:Myocardial infarction following surgical operations. 572 23

As part of a six-month prospective study of the effects of neonatal thymectomy in the spontaneously diabetic BB Wistar rat, activities of the following enzymes were determined: alkaline phosphatase (AP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and UDP-galactosyltransferase (UDPG). In prediabetics, AP and LDH levels were higher than in sham-operated, non-diabetic controls; however, this increase was seen in nearly all diabetes-prone BB rats, diminishing the usefulness of these changes in discerning potential diabetics from asymptomatic, diabetes-prone rats. After onset of the syndrome, there was a striking elevation of AP values in all diabetics with no similar alteration in asymptomatic, diabetes-prone rats suggesting this was a diabetes-related phenomenon. By contrast, UDPG was the only enzyme to decrease immediately following the onset of the syndrome. Both UDPG and AP levels correlated with blood glucose, the former negatively and the latter positively, suggesting a close relationship with changes occurring after onset of the syndrome. The remaining enzymes increased only in a portion of diabetics alone (GOT, GPT) or in a portion of both diabetics and asymptomatic, diabetes-prone BB rats (LDH, CPK).
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PMID:Serum enzymes in the BB rat before and after onset of the overt diabetic syndrome. 643 99

The content of lactate in mixed saliva in severe diabetes mellitus associated with multiple caries was 5 times and in diabetes of medium severity 3.5 times greater than in caries-resistant subjects. This increase was largely caused by diabetes proper, since in multiple caries without diabetes, the lactate content was increased only 2-fold. The amount of pyruvate in saliva in multiple caries without diabetes was approximately the same as that in diabetes mellitus coupled with multiple caries. Preliminary administration to the oral cavity of 100 ml of 50% saccharose for 10 minutes (without swallowing) raised the saliva lactate content several times as compared to that in the same subjects before saccharose administration. The lactate content in saliva was particularly high in severe diabetes mellitus. Administration of 50% sorbitol of the oral cavity for 10 minutes did not increase the lactate content in saliva. Upon administration of saccharose lactate dehydrogenase activity in saliva significantly descended while sorbitol dehydrogenase activity significantly increased. Administration of sorbitol solution to the oral cavity did not produce any essential effect on sorbitol dehydrogenase activity in saliva.
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PMID:[Effect of saccharose and sorbit on indices of carbohydrate metabolism in mixed saliva of patients with diabetes mellitus and dental caries]. 663 40

This study examined the effects of long-term experimental dysthyroidism on the enzymatic character of the costal diaphragm and selected respiratory parameters. Costal diaphragms from thyroidectomized (TX), euthyroid (EU), and hyperthyroid (HT) male albino rats were used. HT was induced by subcutaneous injections of triiodothyronine on alternate days for 6 wk. Minute ventilation was greater for the HT (70%) compared with the TX rats. The enzymatic potentials of glycolysis (28%), tricarboxylic acid cycle (30%), and fatty acid oxidation (16%) were significantly increased in the HT diaphragms, whereas the potentials were lower by a similar relative extent in the TX diaphragms. The proportion of alkali-labile fibers were greater in the TX and lower in the HT diaphragm. The shifts in heart and muscle lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme activities were consistent with the fiber type changes. These findings show that dysthyroidism modifies the overall enzymatic capacity of the diaphragm (i.e., glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and fatty acid oxidation) along with the proportion of alkali-labile to alkali-stable fiber types. These enzymatic changes are similar to those resulting from exercise training, tracheal banding, streptozotocin diabetes, and emphysema.
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PMID:Effect of experimental dysthyroidism on the enzymatic character of the diaphragm. 669 11

In 120 patients with diabetes mellitus the indices of the blood and erythrocytic acid-alkali balance, glycemia level, blood lactate and pyruvate concentrations, the activity of serum malate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as of succinate dehydrogenase and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in lymphocytic mitochondria were studied. A remarkable difference of the indices examined, depending on the disease severity, duration or compensation state of carbohydrate metabolism, was noted comparatively to those of normal. Insulin therapy and the diet No. 9, combined with hyperbaric oxygenation, was accompanied by a rapid (within 12 to 18 days) compensation of carbohydrate metabolism and good dynamics of all the tests. The results obtained are indicative of a significant improvement of the tissue metabolism both on the glycolysis level and in the cycle of tricarboxylic acids.
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PMID:[Effect of insulin therapy and hyperbaric oxygenation on the enzyme activity of tissue metabolism in diabetes mellitus]. 676 Jan 77

The fractions of lipoproteids, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and their isoenzymes as well as the fructoso-1-phosphate aldolase (F-1-PhA) and cholinesterase (ChE) activity were studied in 220 patients with diabetes mellitus, of which 156 had diabetes mellitus combined with ischemic heart disease (IHD). It was shown that the level of atherogenic lipoproteids is augmented in all the forms of diabetes mellitus and its latent stage, their highest content being seen in the disease, aggravated by IHD. An elevated level of pre-beta-lipoproteid atherogenic fraction was more common in diabetics with IHD. An increased F-1PhA and LDH5 activity was observed in all the patients examined, whereas in severe diabetes mellitus a decrease in the ChE activity was seen. The composed table of changes in the enzyme activity and atherogenic lipoproteid levels in diabetes mellitus combined with IHD, significantly differing from those of the diabetics without IHD, can be used for early IHD diagnosing in diabetes mellitus patients.
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PMID:[Diagnostic coefficients of ischemic heart disease in diabetes mellitus]. 688 7

Tissue samples were taken from the gastrocnemius muscle of 26 randomly selected, glucose-tolerant, 48-yr-old men. Hexokinase, phosphorylase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase, and lipoprotein lipase activity (LPLA), as well as the area per fiber type and capillary density, were determined. Mean fiber area correlated positively with relative body weight (r equals 0.53, P less than 0.01), but capillary density did not. The result is that, in cases of high body weight, each capillary supplies a larger muscle fiber area. Serum insulin concentration in the fasting state correlated positively with body weight (r equals 0.77, P less than 0.001) and with mean fiber area per capillary (r equals 0.87; P less than 0.001). Only during the latter part of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) did blood glucose concentrations correlate with relative body weight and mean fiber area per capillary (r equals 0.42, r equals 0.51, P less than 0.05). A stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the different muscle morphology measurements could account for 3/4 of the variation in the fasting serum insulin concentration, the fasting insulin/glucose ratio, and the blood glucose concentration at 120 min in the OGTT. Of the intracellular enzymes, only LDH (r equals -0.71, P less than 0.001) correlated with the mean fiber area per capillary. LPLA correlated with capillary density (r equals 0.66, P less than 0.001), and, long with the muscle morphology measurements, could account for 3/4 of the variation in serum triglyceride concentrations. The results show that a large mean muscle fiber area/capillary ratio indicates a morphologic imbalance, which is related to both glucose tolerance and various degrees of insulin sensitivity.
Diabetes 1981 Jan
PMID:Body weight, skeletal muscle morphology, and enzyme activities in relation to fasting serum insulin concentration and glucose tolerance in 48-year-old men. 701 1

Arylsulfonylamino acids, displaying a wide range of inhibitory activities versus rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR), were analyzed for enzyme selectivity in several test systems. These RLAR inhibitors were found not to produce significant inhibition of genetically-linked reductases (aldehyde reductase, ALR), catalytically similar reductases (Pachysolen tannophilus xylose reductase, PTXR), functionally distinct oxidoreductases (glutathione reductase, GR, lactate dehydrogenase, LDH, and gamma-transaminase, GABA-T), and thymidylate synthase (TS). These data suggest that aldose reductase differs significantly from other oxidoreductases in its inhibitor binding domain(s). Furthermore, the aldose reductase selectivity demonstrated by the arylsulfonylamino acids suggests that these compounds may not inhibit other key metabolic transformations in various cell types and that they may function as selective probes for studies of the relationship between aldose reductase mediated biochemical changes and the pathologies of chronic diabetes.
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PMID:Enzyme selectivity analyses of arylsulfonylamino acid aldose reductase inhibitors. 750 72

Glucagonoma Syndrome is a rare syndrome comprising hyperglucagonemia, diabetes mellitus, necrolytic migratory erythema and hypoaminoacidemia in the setting of a glucagon producing, alpha cell tumour of the pancreas. We report a case of Glucagonoma Syndrome palliatively treated successfully with octreotide. In addition to classical clinical and biochemical findings, this patient also had a Glomus Jugulare tumour, and Empty Sella Syndrome and demonstrated an unusual pattern of plasma lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes, features not previously reported in this syndrome.
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PMID:Glucagonoma syndrome with increased lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes: octreotide treatment. 752 1

During August 1989-August 1994 at the referral-based obstetric practice of MacKay Memorial Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan, obstetricians saw 8 pregnant women with acute pancreatitis. All but 1 patient had gallstones and/or hyperlipidemia. None had ever been diagnosed with pancreatitis or gallstones in the past. None suffered from alcoholism. One woman was lost to follow-up at 33 weeks gestation. No pregnant woman died. Magnesium sulfate and nifedipine controlled preterm labor in 2 patients. Two women underwent cesarean section (fetal distress and elective). Pancreatitis struck all but 1 during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. One woman presented at 23 weeks gestation with loss of consciousness, abnormally low volume of circulating plasma in the body, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and a dead fetus. She also had diabetes mellitus which had gone untreated for 2 years. After spontaneous delivery of the dead fetus, she developed metabolic encephalopathy, sepsis, respiratory distress, and acute renal failure. She completely recovered and left the hospital 62 days after arriving. Physicians instituted conservative treatment for pancreatitis and a fat-restricted diet for hyperlipidemia. Labor was induced in 3 women after determining fetal lung maturity. Pancreatitis symptoms diminished after delivery. At 2 weeks postpartum, they underwent cholecystectomy. In fact, all but 3 women underwent cholecystectomy. Five patients had a fever greater than 38 degrees Celsius upon admission. Three patients were jaundiced. All 8 patients experienced nausea and/or vomiting and abdominal pain. Six women had low serum calcium levels. Only 1 had a serum lactic dehydrogenase level above 350 IU/L. Primiparous women were just as likely to develop pancreatitis during pregnancy as multiparous women. These findings suggest that early diagnosis and prompt treatment of acute pancreatitis are essential to a favorable outcome.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy. 766 Jul 65


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