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 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We surveyed cognitively normal teens with and without chronic illness regarding the perceived physical and social impact of various chronic diseases including asthma. The overall physical impact of asthma was perceived equivalently to diabetes and arthritis, but less than epilepsy, Down's syndrome, leukemia, and human immunodeficiency virus infection. However, asthma was rated to more commonly cause physical disability (p < 0.001) and restrict activities (p < 0.0005). The social impact of asthma was perceived equivalently to diabetes, but more favorably than the other chronic diseases surveyed. Specifically, teens with asthma were perceived as having fewer behavior problems, being more honest, popular, and fun to be around, but less adept at sports. Only 6 of 149 (4%) teens surveyed expressed any degree of reluctance to befriend peers with asthma.
J Asthma 2006 Mar
PMID:How do teens view the physical and social impact of asthma compared to other chronic diseases? 1651 33

The use and reasons for use of Complementary Medicine (CM) amongst hypertensive patients attending the Hypertension/ Diabetes/ Asthma Clinic in Greentown Health Clinic, Ipoh was assessed. One hundred and twenty patients were selected by systematic random sampling (1:5) over a 2-week period commencing 26/04/04. Data was obtained from interviews, questionnaires and medical records. Twenty seven percent were on CM. Most commonly used CM was herbal medicine. Majority of those using CM for BP control were Malays. The Chinese and Indians were using CM mainly for other health problems. Ninety six percent were using both CM and conventional therapy concurrently. Therefore doctors should enquire about CM usage during patient assessment to prevent possible drug interactions.
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PMID:Use of complementary medicine amongst hypertensive patients in a public primary care clinic in Ipoh. 1657 Jul 7

Asthma and type I diabetes are major causes of chronic illness in childhood which, according to the current paradigm, have mutually antagonistic immunopathologies. Nonetheless, the disorders appear to preferably coexist both on population and individual levels. To assess whether children with asthma and type I diabetes might have a common immunoregulatory defect. The spontaneous and anti-CD3+ anti-CD28-stimulated cytokine production patterns by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 13 children with both asthma and diabetes, nine children with diabetes, 11 children with asthma and nine healthy children were assessed using cytometric bead assay. The spontaneous production of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-10 by mononuclear cells in children with both asthma and diabetes was elevated compared to the other study groups (p=0.02, p=0.001 and p=0.04, respectively). Stimulation in vitro increased IL-10 secretion in solely diabetic (p=0.008), asthmatic (p=0.008) and healthy children (p=0.01), but not in children with both diseases (p=0.22). Children suffering from both diabetes and asthma display a unique cytokine secretion pattern, distinct from those of solely diabetic, asthmatic and healthy children. In particular, these children appear to have a defect in regulation of IL-10 secretion.
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PMID:Unique cytokine secretion profile in children with both type I diabetes and asthma distinct from that of solely diabetic or asthmatic children. 1677 30

Depression generally begins before Type II diabetes and coronary artery disease; however, no data are available on whether asthma or major depressive disorder (MDD) have an earlier onset. The age at onset of asthma and depression were collected from 85 adult asthma patients with current MDD. The mean ages at onset of asthma and MDD were 21.0 years and 28.8 years, respectively. Asthma preceded MDD in 62% of cases; MDD preceded asthma onset in 24% of cases; and asthma and MDD had a concurrent onset in 14% of the cases. In asthma patients, unlike patients with Type II diabetes and coronary artery disease, depression appears generally to occur after the onset of asthma.
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PMID:Age at onset of major depression in inner-city adults with asthma. 1684 92

The aim of the present study was to predict which patients with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma are at highest risk for healthcare utilisation can be predicted so as to optimise clinical management. Data were derived from 2,821 adults with asthma enrolled in The Epidemiology and Natural History of Asthma: Outcomes and Treatment Regimens (TENOR) study. Multiple potential predictors were assessed at baseline using a systematic algorithm employing stepwise logistic regression. Outcomes were asthma-related hospitalisations or emergency department (ED) visits within 6 months following baseline. Overall, 239 subjects (8.5%) reported hospitalisation or ED visits at follow-up. Predictors retained after multivariate analysis were as follows: younger age; female sex; non-white race; body mass index > or =35 kg x m(-2); post-bronchodilator per cent predicted forced vital capacity <70%; history of pneumonia; diabetes; cataracts; intubation for asthma; and three or more steroid bursts in the prior 3 months. A final risk score derived from the logistic regression model ranged from 0-18 and was highly predictive (c-index: 0.78) of hospitalisation or ED visits. This tool was re-tested in a prospective validation using outcomes at 12- to 18-months follow-up among the same cohort (c-index: 0.77). The risk score derived is a clinically useful tool for assessing the likelihood of asthma-related hospitalisation or emergency department visits in adults with severe and difficult-to-treat asthma.
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PMID:TENOR risk score predicts healthcare in adults with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma. 1687 Jun 56

Interleukin (IL)-18 has been identified as a mediator inducing interferon gamma release from type 1 helper (Th1) cells, CD8+ T cells, and natural killer cells, synergizing with IL-12. Several studies report differential roles of IL-18; but little is known about the role of IL-18 in Th1/Th2 balance in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of IL-18 in Th1- and Th2-mediated diseases of children. Serum IL-18 levels were measured in a group of patients with acute asthma exacerbation (n = 24), in a group of patients who had recently been diagnosed as type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (n = 18), and in a group of healthy subjects (n = 20). The groups were compared with respect to IL-18 levels. Significantly lower serum IL-18 levels were found in patients with acute asthma (median, 8.55 pg/mL) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (median, 7.20 pg/mL) than in control subjects (median, 140.10 pg/mL; p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). We suggest that IL-18 may play an immunoregulatory role in allergic and autoimmune diseases and decreased expression of IL-18 can shift the immune responses to both Th1- and Th2-mediated ways.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:The role of IL-18 in Th1/Th2 balance in children. 1694 51

During the last two decades or so, the incidence of fungal infections has increased dramatically. Deep- seated mycoses are creating serious problems for clinicians working with certain populations of patients, such as those with cancer, the immunocompromised, and physiologically compromised.A study of fungal isolated for identification of deep fungal infections, risk factors and etiologic agents in immunocompromised patients was carried out in the section of Medical Mycology, Pasteur Institute of Iran from 1994 to 2001. Seventy one immunosuppressed patients with deep fungal infection were retrospectively analyzed for etiology and risk factors. They had one or more predisposing factors to disseminated fungal infections. Diagnosis was established by demonstration of fungus in direct and cultural examinations. Candida spp. were isolated in 70.4% (39.4% C. albicans and 30.9% non-albincans), and Aspergillus spp. were isolated in 14.1% of cases. The most frequent risk factors were hematologic malignancy (ALL, lymphoma, Hodgkin, multiple myeloma) and diabetes mellitus. This study suggests that in immunocompromised patients, fungal infections especially in saprophytic infections, background evaluation and clinical features, correspondence of clinical symptoms and laboratory examinations should be considered and investigation of other factors which created the infection will lead us to a clear picture of patients' situation.
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2005 Mar
PMID:Deep-seated fungal infections in immunocompromised patients in iran. 1730 20

HLA-G is normally expressed on human trophoblast cells. It is a non-classical MHC molecule class I b. The role of HLA-G in diabetic type 1 is not known. We investigated the role of IFN-beta in induction HLA-G expression on the monocyte derived dendritic cells (DC) in diabetes type 1. Treatment of dendritic cell with IFN-beta in vitro from diabetic patients (n=20) and normal subjects (n=20) resulted to the production and expression of HLA-G on these cells from both groups. However, comparison of DC from the diabetic patients with DC from the controls revealed lower levels of HLA-G molecules in DC from diabetic patients. Using mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), it was found that DC expressing HLA-G mediated the inhibition of autologous T cell activation. It is concluded that IFN-beta can increase HLA-G in DC from diabetic patients; subsequently it may prevent the immune regularly pathway in the diabetic pathogenesis.
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2007 Mar
PMID:Dendritic cells bearing HLA-G inhibit T-Cell activation in type 1 diabetes. 1730 22

This study examined the possible effects of lycopene at physiological dosage and body fat mass on the humoral immune response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 35 patients with Typ2 diabetes mellitus from both sexes aged 54+/-9 yrs from the Iranian Diabetes Society were introduced into a double blind placebo controlled clinical trial conducted for 2 months. After a 2-week lycopene free diet washout period, patients were allocated to either lycopene supplementation group (10mg/d) (n=16) or placebo age- and sex matched group (n=19) for 8 weeks. Patients were instructed to keep their diets and physical activities as unchanged as possible. Lycopene supplements increased serum lycopene levels (p<0.001). While intake of dietary energy and nutrients did not change in either groups, the ratio of total antioxidant capacity to malondialdehyde increased significantly in the lycopene group (p=0.007). There was an inverse correlation between serum levels of lycopene and those of IgG (r= -0.338, p=0.008). On the contrary, changes of serum levels of lycopene directly correlated with those of IgM (r=0.466, p=0.005). Interestingly, changes of the amount of fat mass correlated directly with those of serum IgG (r=0.415, p=0.044) but inversely with of serum IgM (r= -0.469, p=0.021). While truncal fat might promote adaptive humoral immunity, lycopene probably by inhibiting MDA-LDL formation might attenuate T cell dependent adaptive (pro-atherogenic) humoral immune response. These findings may have preventive implications in long term diabetic complications, notably atherogenesis.
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2007 Jun
PMID:The opposite associations of lycopene and body fat mass with humoral immunity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a possible role in atherogenesis. 1756 8

Sodium fluorescein (SF) is widely used to assess chorioretinal disorders. Adverse reactions are well documented but the underlying mechanism is still uncertain. The aim of this study was the evaluation of skin testing to predict SF reaction, the identification of possible predisposing factors, and the objective record of the reported reactions. All patients with adequate indication for SF angiography (SFA) during an 18-month period were evaluated as follows: (a) detailed personal history of atopy, diabetes, previous SFA, and/or diagnostic procedures with radiocontrast media (RCM) and possible side effect; (b) skin testing with SF 10% diluted preparations; (c) SFA with 5 mL of SF, objective record of any reaction. Two hundred twenty-four patients (108 men and 116 women) with a mean age of 65.2 years (SD, 12.86; range, 16-92 years) underwent SFA. The overall rate of adverse reactions was 3.6% (8/224), which consists of 5 (2.2%) individuals with transient mild nausea; 2 (0.9%) subjects with face and upper trunk flushing that appeared in one case after 60 minutes and in the other case 24 hours later and both resolved without treatment, and I subject with transient bilateral frontal headache and dizziness. None of the 224 patients had positive skin or intradermal testings. One hundred thirty-six of 224 (60.7%) patients stated no previous SFA and 74.1% had not performed RCM injection. None of the recorded variables correlated with increased risk of reaction. SFA is a safe procedure with minor adverse effects. Although in vivo testing can not identify reactors it may help to exclude an underlying IgE-mediated mechanism in susceptible individuals.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Skin testing and adverse reactions in fluorescein: a prospective study. 1788 17


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