Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Females of Chinese hamsters with spontaneous diabetes (CHAD), which have been developed as a genetic strain of type I diabetes, were mated with males of non-diabetic Chinese hamsters (CHA). According to the grade of glucose intolerance, the females of CHAD were divided into four groups, i.e. normal, chemical and diabetic group such as mild and severe group. In the diabetic groups, hyperglycemia in fetuses and in the severe group a significant high incidence of fetal abnormalities were observed. The lung phospholipids of fetuses were analyzed. No changes in phosphatidylcholine content but a decrease in the percentage of its dipalmitoyl species was observed in the fetal lungs from the diabetic groups as compared to the normal group. Phosphatidylglycerol content was also found to be decreased in the severe group by the results of thin-layer chromatography and immunological semiquantification with an AmnioStat-FLM kit. These results of lipid analysis revealed that the diabetic pregnancy in this animal model showed typical feature of delayed fetal lung maturity. Therefore, this animal model should be useful for studying the mechanism of delayed fetal lung maturity as well as the development of respiratory distress syndrome in fetuses from dams with diabetes.
 ...
PMID:[Studies of fetal lung maturity of maternal spontaneous diabetes in the Chinese hamster]. 368 Oct 57

Although fetal lung maturity determination is carried out more and more rarely in the German-speaking area, a reliable information about the degree of lung maturity is still very important in the care of high-risk pregnancies. The side effects and costs of a postpartal surfactant administration can be avoided if lung maturity is proved. Indications for determination of fetal lung maturity are the threatening preterm delivery and the premature rupture of membranes before the 34th week of gestation and uncertain gestational age. Furthermore, in preeclampsia resp. in diabetes mellitus, which is difficult to control, premature delivery may be necessary. To improve lung maturity testing we introduce a new "sequence scheme" containing three lung maturity tests which are easy to carry out (in the following sequence: Amniostat-FLM ultrasensitive, counting of the lamellar bodies in amniotic fluid, surfactant/albumin ratio with TDx-FLM). The principle of this scheme is, that if any of these three tests indicates lung maturity, the sequence is terminated and no further test is performed. Only if all three tests indicated immaturity, the child was at risk for RDS. In 87 amniotic fluid samples with 7 RDS-cases, we achieved high predictive values for lung maturity (specificity 90%, sensitivity 100%, predictive value of positive test 47%, predictive value of negative test 100%). In 62% only one test was needed for lung maturity determination. It is possible to use other combinations in such a scheme (e.g. the L/S ratio). This might lead to equal or perhaps better results. An advantage of this suggested "sequence scheme" is that it can be performed in any clinic.
 ...
PMID:[Prenatal determination of lung maturity from amniotic fluid--indications and new methods]. 785 9

In order to assess the lung maturity of the fetus, a biochemical analysis using two reliable, simple and rapid methods (FLM-TDX Abbott and determination of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) have been carried out on 166 amniotic fluids taken by amniocentesis. The patients were particularly pregnant women presenting disorders such as diabetes (n = 41), premature rupture of the membranes (n = 30), hypertension (n = 20), intra uterine growth retardation (n = 13) and gemellar pregnancies (n = 27). The lung maturity of the fetus has been considered as mature (no risk of any hyaline membrane disease: HMD) when the phospholipid rate is higher than 50 mg/g albumin (FLM-TDX Abbott), associated or not with the presence of PG (PG positive). The latter phospholipid was present only in women whose pregnancy was about 35 weeks. Besides, our results show a very large disparity of the phospholipid rates (FLM-TDX) in the amniotic samples for an identical gestational age. Values from 9 to 124 for pregnancies with term of 31 weeks, and from 21 to higher than 160 for those of 38 weeks. In infants born not later than 48 hours after the amniotic punction (n = 30), four of them presented an HMD. The FLM-TDX values were less than 30 for three cases and equal to 52 for the fourth. The term of these newborns was 37 weeks or more for three of them, and 31 weeks for the last one. Our study confirm that the TDX-FLM Abbott is useful to assess the fetal lung maturity and does not correlate with the gestational age.
 ...
PMID:[Gestational age and fetal lung maturity]. 836 Apr 41

The authors evaluated the performance of the amniotic fluid surfactant to albumin ratio (FLM S/A), and disaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) tests in assessing fetal lung maturity in infants of mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus antedating pregnancy. The distribution of the study population (n = 180) by class of diabetes was class B (27%); class C (28%); class D (29%); class F, FR and T (8%); and class R patients (8%). The diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was the standard for evaluating the performance of FLM S/A and DSPC. The mean estimated gestational age was 37.4 weeks. Three infants (1.7%) were diagnosed with RDS. All three were delivered before 36 weeks. FLM S/A at the cut-off for "maturity" of > or = 70 mg/g, had a sensitivity of 66.6%, specificity of 94.9%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 18.2%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.4%. DSPC at the cut-off for "maturity" of 1,000 micrograms/dL, had identical sensitivity and NPV, but lower specificity (89.2%) and PPV (9.5%) than FLM S/A. Both tests mispredicted maturity in the same case of RDS. The false "mature" rate of FLM S/A was 0.6% (95% confidence interval 0.0%-3.2%). The FLM S/A result of > or = 70 mg/g, obtained at or near-term, is a reliable predictor of the absence of RDS in infants of mothers with diabetes mellitus antedating pregnancy.
 ...
PMID:Prediction of fetal lung maturity in infants of diabetic mothers using the FLM S/A and disaturated phosphatidylcholine tests. 856 Oct 82

We have retrospectively investigated the diagnostic efficiency of the Abbott TDxFLM (fetal lung maturity) assay as compared to the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio (LSR) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) or PG/sphingomyelin (PG/S) ratio. Our results are consistent with other published studies. A review of the literature revealed that 1759 patients have been studied, and 213 neonates were found to have respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). This included samples from different sources and patients with various pathological conditions including diabetes. The TDxFLM assay has the highest sensitivity, followed by PG and LSR. The specificity of LSR is only slightly better than TDxFLM, whereas PG is the least specific. While the LSR assay y thin layer chromatography is affected by blood and meconium, the PG test by AmnioStat-FLM is not. A study on the effect of serum, whole blood and meconium on the TDxFLM assay revealed that blood elevated its value, but serum and meconium depressed the result. A sample contaminated with meconium may be tested and the result interpreted with the same degree of confidence if maturity is indicated. However, bloody specimens require a confirmatory test, such as PG measurement with the AmnioStat-FLM assay. On consideration of the diagnostic efficiency of the FLM tests, we propose a sequential testing strategy to optimize the use of the laboratory and clinical care. The use of the TDxFLM assay is suggested as the initial test. If the sample is contaminated with blood, or when the result falls within the indeterminate region, the AmnioStat-FLM will be used as a second test. This strategic utilization of FLM tests will provide cost effective high quality patient care.
 ...
PMID:Strategic utilization of fetal lung maturity tests. 890 14

The objective of this paper is to determine the applicability of the Abbott TDx-FLM fluorescence polarization assay in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus. Retrospective review of records of women with pregnancies complicated by diabetes who underwent amniocentesis for fetal lung maturity using the Abbott TDx-FLM assay within 3 days of delivery was considered. Maternal diabetic control, neonatal birth weight, Apgar scores, umbilical cord gases, admissions to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), development of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were evaluated. One hundred twenty-one patients with diabetes mellitus were identified. Thirteen (10.7%) had an FLM < or = 70 mg/g and 108 patients had > or = 70 mg/g. All obstetrical and diabetic variables were similar. RDS was not observed in neonates who had an FLM of > or = 70 mg/g. One neonate had RDS (FLM = 7.2 mg/g). The TDx-FLM > or = 70 mg/g may be interpreted as mature when obtained from transabdominal amniocentesis.
 ...
PMID:Interpretation of the TDx-FLM fluorescence polarization assay in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus. 925 35