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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 3-year-old boy with diabetes mellitus contracted meningitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The disease lasted for several months in spite of antibiotic treatment. Diabetes mellitus was poorly controlled and hypoglycemia often occured. Immunoglobulin levels were normal. Investigations of leukocyte functions showed (no bactericidal activity), decreased phagocytic activity and very low NBT dye reduction by neutrophils during phagocytosis. Under the administration of polymixin, leukocyte transfusions and stabilization of glycemia the pathological clinical and laboratory findings disappeared within three weeks. Serial investigations of leukocyte function showed a gradual recovery of normal activity.
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PMID:[Reversible bactericidal defect of leukocytes. Pseudomonas meningitis in a child with diabetes mellitus (author's transl)]. 17 80

Granulocyte function of 10 diabetic children has been investigated. At the time of testing the diabetes was in poor control. Five children were retested one week later after adjustment of diet and insulin dose. In contrast to some reports we did not find a phagocytic defect in the ingestion of particles, but the capacity of intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus was impaired. Chemotaxis was also reduced whereas the NBT-index and intracellular killing of Candida albicans were normal. Better control of the diabetes led to an improvement of bactericidal killing capacity.
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PMID:Impairment of granulocyte function in juvenile diabetes. 77 81

Behind many clinical cases with recurrent, severe infections, absesses, delayed wound healing and especially in antibiotic resistant sepsis some granulocyte function abnormalities can be detected. The abnormalities are of inherited and acquired origin. The inherited dysfunctions are discussed here in details, but the appearance of some failures in neutrophil functions should be taken into consideration when examining patients with other diseases (e.g. diabetes, infections, periodontal disease, zinc deficiency, malignancies, uremia etc.). The main clinical tools for the diagnosis of the qualitative abnormalities in neutrophil functions are chemotaxis with migration, and an NBT test with and without stimulation, as a first indication. Any deviation in the result of these function tests requires further determinations.
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PMID:When should granulocyte function be checked? 133 55

Fructosamine concentration (measured by NBT reduction method) and the concentration of glycosylated proteins (measured by a direct UV spectrophotometry upon separation from nonglycosylated proteins by means of affinity chromatography, have been determined simultaneously in 52 samples of blood serum obtained from 42 children with diabetes mellitus and 10 children without metabolic disorders. A highly significant positive correlation (r = 0.96, p < 0.001) was found between the two parameters. It was concluded that fructosamine determination by NBT reduction test reflects the true concentration of glycosylated proteins of blood serum, provided that the proper correction factor derived from the equation of linear regression is used as shown in the following equation: Concentration of glycosylated proteins of blood serum in milligram = 2.78 x (fructosamine concentration in mmol/l + 1.26).
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PMID:The relation between the results of determination of fructosamine and glycosylated proteins of blood serum. 136 1

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils' chemotaxis, surface charge, superoxide anions generation, NBT (nitro blue tetrazolium) reduction and intracellular lysozyme, and beta-glucuronidase content were estimated in patients with type I diabetes mellitus in a similar state of metabolic control. The chemotaxis of diabetic cells toward bacterial chemotactic factors was similar to controls, whereas migration toward complement-derived chemoattractants was significantly reduced. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils isolated from diabetic patients, when unstimulated, produced significantly greater amounts of superoxide anions and reduced NBT more efficiently. They also revealed reduced surface charge and lower intracellular content of lysozyme, whereas beta-glucuronidase content was similar to controls. The results obtained seem to indicate that neutrophils in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes manifest signs of being in the activated state. The possible mechanisms of such stimulation are discussed.
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PMID:Evidence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) activation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 282 47

A study was made of the mechanisms of leucocyte phagocytic and bactericidal activity with relation to Staph, aureus and the NBT-test in simple and simulated variants in 71 patients with diabetes mellitus. A compensatory elevation of the phagocytic index and the phagocytic number was found in all the patients with a decrease in phagocytosis completion which testified to the internal defects of bactericidal activity which, according to the NBT-test results, consisted in insufficient activity of oxidation enzymes. The stimulated NBT-test showed a decrease in phagocytic potentialities in patients with diabetes mellitus. Phagocytosis defects in type I and type II diabetes mellitus were more noticeable in a severe and labile course of the disease.
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PMID:[Characteristics of the functional activity of leukocytes in diabetes mellitus]. 408 62

Significantly decreased activity of pancreatic isoamylase in serum was found in a group of 51 juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetics as compared to healthy subjects (p less than 0.005). No significant changes were observed for urinary p-aminobenzoic acid excretion in 20 of the juvenile-onset diabetics in whom the NBT-PABA test was performed, even though 25% of the values were below the normal limit. A highly significant decrease of serum lipase activity was found in juvenile-onset diabetics as compared to controls (p less than 0.001). No significant correlation was found in juvenile-onset diabetics between serum pancreatic isoamylase and lipase or marker of chymotrypsin activity expressed as the amount of p-aminobenzoic acid excreted into urine. The NBT-PABA test appears to be of small importance in the evaluation of changes of the exocrine pancreas in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. However, simultaneous evaluation of serum pancreatic isoamylase and lipase activities justified the suspicion of pancreatic damage in 50% of the patients tested.
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PMID:Serum lipase, isoamylase and pancreatic function test (PFT) in juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 660 80

In 40 patients suffering from diabetes mellitus and in 18 healthy volunteers the phagocytic function was investigated using a quantitative NBT test. The NBT reduction was significantly lower in diabetes than in healthy donors irrespective of affliction with other dermatoses. A significant correlation was found between the severity and hence the insulin dependency of diabetics and the NBT-reductive capacity.
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PMID:Study of phagocytic function with a quantitative nitroblue-Tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test in diabetes mellitus. 721 73

We assessed the effect of dipyridamole, RA-642 and mopidamol, on lenticular opacities in a model of experimental diabetic cataracts in rats. All three pyrimido-pyrimidine derivatives caused a statistically significant reduction of opacification in crystalline lens as compared with untreated diabetic animals. The production of superoxide anions (phenazine methosulphate [PMS]-induced nitroblue tetrazolium [NBT] reduction) showed a decrease of 81.6%, 78.9% and 1.8% in lens tissue homogenates from rats treated with dipyridamole, RA-642 and mopidamol, respectively. Dipyridamole and RA-642 produced a statistically significant inhibition (50% and 64.8%, respectively) of lipid peroxidation (ferrous sulphate and ascorbic acid [FeAs]-induced malondialdehyde [MDA] production) as compared with the group of untreated diabetic rats. Mopidamol did not exert any inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. There was a statistically significant correlation between opacification of lens and PMS-induced NBT reduction and FeAs-induced MDA production. We conclude that the protective effect of dipyridamole and RA-642 from free radical damage to crystalline lens in the model of experimental diabetes used in this study, is the result of the antioxidant action of these compounds. The effect exerted by mopidamol, however, suggest a possible complementary effect of the pyrimido-pyrimidine derivatives through interaction with other mechanisms (e.g., the sorbitol pathway) implicated in the development of cataracts.
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PMID:The pyrimido-pyrimidine derivatives, dipyridamole and RA-642, reduce opacification of crystalline lens in diabetic rats. 787 Jun 94

The time-course of the reaction of H1 and total histone with glucose, acetaldehyde or both has been studied using the NBT reduction test and fluorescence. With both methods, purified H1 histone gave higher absorbance with acetaldehyde than with a 1:1 combination of glucose and acetaldehyde. For total histone, the opposite was found; a 1:1 combination of the above two aldehydes had the higher absorbance. As an explanation, the possibility of different reactivity of the amino groups with glucose and acetaldehyde is proposed. A possible simultaneous interaction between glucose, acetaldehyde and serum protein, mainly albumin, may alter the results of the diagnostic protein glycation methods, e.g. of the fructosamine test, and, therefore, also the monitoring of diabetes.
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PMID:The kinetics of the addition of glucose and acetaldehyde to histone proteins. 808 May 96


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