Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Trigger finger is a stenosing tenovaginitis in which there is a constriction of the annular sheath associated with a nodule in the digital flexor tendon. Clinically this can present as triggering or snapping of the nodule as it passes through the tight constricting tendon sheath. Although many triggering fingers settle spontaneously, and others respond to local anesthetic and steroid injection, others require surgical decompression. The association between diabetes and trigger finger, although not widely known, has been described and forms part of the "diabetic hand syndrome". We studied 100 adult patients in the group that required surgery. Eighteen of the 100 patients were diabetic with six insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) and 12 non-insulin dependent diabetics (NIDDM). In the current climate of day case surgery this has significant implications both for the management of known diabetics as well as the preoperative detection of those with the condition.
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PMID:Diabetes and trigger finger. 975 37

Trigger finger is an underdiagnosed hand disorder causing disability in longstanding diabetic patients. Sixty diabetic patients [39 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 21 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)] and 60 nondiabetic patients were examined. All were initially treated by steroid injections: failure to alleviate symptoms was the indication for surgery. The incidence of multiple digit involvement was higher in IDDM patients as compared with the control group (p < 0.001). The diffuse type was 1.45 times more frequent in IDDM and NIDDM than in nondiabetic patients (p < 0.008). The diabetic patients had a relatively longer duration of symptoms (p < 0.003). Significantly, a higher recovery rate upon steroid injection was achieved in control patients as compared with the diabetic ones (p < 0.001). IDDM patients required more surgery compared with NIDDMs and, in 13.3% of diabetic patients, the surgical outcome was not successful. Diabetic patients should be diagnosed early for multiple and diffuse types of trigger digits. Steroid injection as the first mode of therapy is highly recommended although not always successful. Surgery is the definitive treatment but requires a long course of physiotherapy and may be associated with some complications.
J Diabetes Complications
PMID:Outcome of trigger finger treatment in diabetes. 933 11

The pharmacological potency of ranitidine to inhibit pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid outputs was studied in early diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of streptozotocin 4 days before the acid study. The gastric acid output was measured every 5 min by automatic titration of collected gastric perfusates. Basal acid was collected for 45 min before a 90-min infusion of pentagastrin. Thirty minutes after onset of the pentagastrin infusion, the rats received intravenous bolus injections of ranitidine at doses of 0.03, 0.3, or 3 mg/kg. Diabetes induction obviously increased the acid-secretory ability during the pentagastrin stimulation period. Ranitidine given at the low dose to diabetic rats showed no apparent inhibitory potency (mean +/- SE 106 +/- 3.4 vs. 63.9 +/- 3.3%, p < 0.01) with shorter duration (21.3 +/- 5.4 vs. 44.4 +/- 7.9 min, p < 0.05) of inhibited acid output as compared with controls. The median dose of ranitidine treatment produced less effect of an acid-inhibitory potency in diabetic rats (p < 0.05). Among the rats which received the high dose of ranitidine, the inhibitory action on the acid secretion remained diminished in diabetic rats (39.3 +/- 2.1 vs. 55.1 +/- 4.2%, p < 0.05). In conclusion, short-term diabetes induction in rats enhances their stimulatory acid output ability, but attenuates the pharmacologically inhibitory action of ranitidine on the stimulated acid output.
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PMID:Acid-inhibitory potency of ranitidine in diabetic rats. 1216 59

Lateral and medial epicondylitis represent overuse tendinopathies of wrist extensor and wrist flexor muscles, respectively. In lateral epicondylitis, a short-term therapeutic efficacy of glucocorticoid injection and limited evidence on the efficacy of acupuncture has been shown. De Quervain tendinopathy is caused by tendinous impingement by a thickened retinaculum. There is limited evidence on the efficacy of glucocorticoid injection in this condition.Trigger finger usually results from tendon entrapment beneath a thickened A1 flexor pulley. An association with hand tool use and diabetes has been shown in this condition, and there is evidence on the therapeutic efficacy of glucocorticoid injection. No other therapeutic modality has shown efficacy or has been assessed in a placebo-controlled clinical trial in these conditions.It can be concluded that epicondylitis and stenosing tendinopathy are readily diagnosed, and most patients recover with current therapies. However, still unsolved issues preclude a purely evidence-based approach to these entities.
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PMID:Evidence-based soft tissue rheumatology: epicondylitis and hand stenosing tendinopathy. 1704 59

1. Gastric ulcers are common in Type 2 diabetic patients. Of all drugs used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes, the insulin sensitizers thiazolidinediones (e.g. rosiglitazone) and metformin exhibit additional effects in ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation, rendering them attractive candidates for the prevention of gastric ulcer in Type 2 diabetes. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of rosiglitazone and metformin against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in Type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic rats. 2. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p., dissolved in 0.1 mol/L cold citrate buffer, pH 4.5), 15 min after administration of 120 mg/kg, i.p., nicotinamide. Three weeks after the successful induction of diabetes, rats were subjected to pyloric ligation and then injected immediately with 30 mg/kg, i.p., indomethacin. Three hours after indomethacin administration, rats were killed and gastric injury was evaluated. Ranitidine (50 mg/kg) was used as a reference drug and was administered in a single oral dose 1 h before indomethacin injection, as were rosiglitazone (3 mg/kg) and metformin (500 mg/kg). 3. Both rosiglitazone and metformin exhibited gastroprotective effects, as evidenced by significant decreases in the ulcer index, free and total acid output in gastric juice and gastric mucosal malondialdehyde concentrations, with concomitant increases in gastric juice pH (only with rosiglitazone), mucin concentrations, gastric mucosal concentrations of nitric oxide and catalase activity compared with untreated diabetic rats. Conversely, rosiglitazone and metformin had no effect on peptic activity and gastric mucosal prostaglandin E(2) content, particularly in the diabetic group, compared with the untreated groups. 4. In conclusion, rosiglitazone and metformin protect Type 2 diabetic rats against indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration, most possibly via antisecretory actions, enhanced mucosal protection and anti-oxidant activity. Rosiglitazone seems to be provide superior gastroprotection to metformin.
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PMID:Gastroprotective effects of the insulin sensitizers rosiglitazone and metformin against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in Type 2 diabetic rats. 1956 21

Diabetes has been reported to increase propensity to peptic ulceration through its effect both on offensive and defensive mucosal factors. Seeds of Eugenia jambolana (EJ) have been reported to have both antidiabetic as well as ulcer protective effects. The present study evaluates the antidiabetic effects of ethanolic extract of dried seed kernel of Eugenia jambolana (EJE) and its comparative effect on gastric ulceration and acid-pepsin secretion with standard antisecretory FL-blocker. Ranitidine and antidiabetic glibenclamide with a premise that Eugenia jambolana may show better ulcer healing effects by promoting defensive or reducing offensive mucosal factors in mild diabetes (MD) rats. MD was produced in adult rats by administration of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg, ip). EJE was given orally in the doses of 100-400 mg/kg for 10 days and in the dose of 200 mg/kg for 30 days respectively to study its dose- and time-dependent effects on various diabetic parameters like blood glucose, serum cholesterol and triglycerides, insulin level and glycosylated hemoglobin. For ulcer protective and gastric secretion studies, EJE (200 mg/kg) was given orally for 10 days against 2 h cold restraint stress (CRS)-, 4 h pylorus ligation (PL), aspirin (ASP, 200 mg/kg, 4 h)--and 95% ethanol (EtOH, 1 ml/200 g, 1 h)-induced gastric ulcers and offensive acid-pepsin secretion after 4 h PL with co-occurring MD in rats. EJE showed dose-dependent decrease in blood glucose level in MD rats. Blood glucose level remained stable in mild diabetic rats from 3rd day onwards after streptozotocin administration (taken as 1st day for treatment) and EJE (200 mg/kg) showed anti-hyperglycemic effect on 10th day of its administration. Further, EJE in the above dose also decreased cholesterol level with little or no effect on triglycerides level and reversed the decrease and increase in insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin level near to the normal level as observed alter 30 days treatment in MD rats. MD rats exhibited an increased propensity to gastric ulceration induced by CRS, ASP, EtOH and PL and caused increase in acid-pepsin secretion. EJE was not only effective in reversing the increased propensity to ulceration in diabetic rats but also decreased the acid-pepsin output better than glibenclamide. The ulcer protective effect of Eugenia jambolana seems to be due to its antidiabetic and gastric antisecretory effects.
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PMID:Antidiabetic and antiulcer effects of extract of Eugenia jambolana seed in mild diabetic rats: study on gastric mucosal offensive acid-pepsin secretion. 2011 17

Musculoskeletal disorders are common in diabetic subjects. The pathophysiology of these disorders in diabetic patients is not obvious. It could be due to connective tissue disorders, glycosylated end products, vasculopathy, neuropathy or combinations. A wide range of musculoskeletal syndromes have been described in association with diabetes, namely diabetic cheiro-arthropathy, adhesive capsulitis of shoulder, carpal tunnel syndrome, Dupuytren's contracture, hyperostosis, osteo-arthritis, hyperuricaemia, etc. This study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of these conditions in diabetes mellitus and to look for any associations with diabetic complications or therapy. A tertiary care centre-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 100 consecutive diabetic patients (WHO criteria) attending medicine department who were enrolled. The study was done at Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, from March 2008 to February 2009. The diagnoses of the rheumatic conditions were made by unbiased clinical observations on the basis of standardised case definitions or criteria. Limited joint mobility (29%), adhesive capsulitis (18%), and osteo-arthritis of knee (27%) or hand (17%) were the most common rheumatic conditions in diabetics. Trigger finger (flexor tenosynovitis) and carpal tunnel syndrome were also present in 7% and 5% cases of diabetics respectively. Although hyperuricaemia was present in 9%, clinical gout was present in only 4%. There was no clear association of these syndromes with diabetic renal disease or micro-albuminuria. Most of these conditions were noted in chronic long duration diabetic subjects.
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PMID:Prevalence of rheumatic conditions in patients with diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital. 2188 66

MicroRNAs play an important role in cancer initiation and development. The aim of this study was to investigate whether polymorphisms in miRNA machinery genes are associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). RAN rs14035 CT heterozygotes and T allele carriers (CT + TT) genotypes had lower risk of CRC, while the DICER1 rs3742330, DROSHA rs10719, and XPO5 rs11077 polymorphisms were not associated with CRC in the full study sample. Specifically, male RAN rs14035 CT heterozygotes and XPO5 rs11077 AA genotype (CT/AA) carriers experienced reduced CRC susceptibility (both colon and rectal). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that the combined RAN rs14035 CT + TT genotype was associated with rectal cancer, but not colon cancer. In addition, the DICER1 rs3742330 AG genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of colon cancer. Stratified analysis revealed the RAN rs14035 combined CT+TT genotype was associated with decreased CRC risk in male patients without diabetes mellitus (DM) and in patients with rectal cancer. In addition, we found the RAN rs14035 CC genotype was related to a decreased risk of CRC with respect to tumor size and metabolism of homocysteine and folate. Furthermore, patients diagnosed with hypertension or DM who carried the DROSHA rs10719 CC genotype showed increased CRC risk, while the XPO5 rs11077 AC+CC genotype led to increased CRC risk in patients with hypertension only. Our results indicate variations in RAN rs14035, DICER1 rs3742330, XPO5 rs11077, and DROSHA rs10719 of Korean patients are significantly associated with their risk of CRC.
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PMID:3'-UTR Polymorphisms in the MiRNA Machinery Genes DROSHA, DICER1, RAN, and XPO5 Are Associated with Colorectal Cancer Risk in a Korean Population. 2614 4

Trigger FingerTrigger finger is common in patients with diabetes.Corticosteroid injections are effective in about 60% to 92% of cases.Proximal interphalangeal joint contracture may occur in long-standing cases.The outcomes of open and percutaneous releases are similar; however, surgeons are split on preferences. Intersection SyndromeThe classic finding is crepitus with wrist motion at the distal one-third of the radial aspect of the forearm. Extensor Pollicis Longus (EPL) TenosynovitisCorticosteroid injections should be used with caution because of the potential for rupture.EPL tenosynovitis is very rare. de Quervain DisorderThis condition is common in postpartum women.A positive Finkelstein test is considered to be pathognomonic of de Quervain disorder, but care should be taken to differentiate this condition from thumb carpometacarpal arthritis.Corticosteroid injections are effective in about 80% of cases.Patients in whom corticosteroid injections fail to provide relief of symptoms frequently have a separate extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) compartment.The abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendon has multiple slips; care should be taken not to confuse one of these slips as the EPB.Traction on the APL pulls up the thumb metacarpal but not the thumb tip.Traction on the EPB extends the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint.Care should be taken to avoid injury to the sensory branch of the radial nerve. Fourth Compartment TenosynovitisThis uncommon condition is most often seen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.The condition involves a large diffuse area, as opposed to the compact dorsal ganglion cyst.
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PMID:Tenosynovitis of the Hand and Wrist: A Critical Analysis Review. 2750 Apr 30

Trigger finger is a mechanical problem with many etiological factors as possible causes, such as diabetes mellitus, carpal tunnel syndrome and repetitive finger movements. Although it can afflict anyone, it is much commoner in middle-aged women than men and the most commonly involved digit is reported to be the thumb. The diagnosis is mainly based on clinical symptoms during examination and first-line treatment is conservative with splinting and corticosteroid injections. Surgical open release is the "gold standard" of trigger finger treatment because it allows more careful inspection of the surgical area and is highly effective with low complication rates.
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PMID:Trigger Finger: An Atraumatic Medical Phenomenon. 2850 68


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