Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Symptom Check List (SCL-90R) is a self-report questionnaire which is designed to be suitable for use as a psychiatric case-finding instrument, as a measure of symptom severity, and as a descriptive measure of psychopathology. Scores obtained using the instrument were compared with those obtained from the investigator-based interview, the Present State Examination, in two samples of patients: a sample of patients with chronic physical disease (diabetes mellitus) and a sample of patients with bulimia nervosa. There was good agreement between the two methods of measurement in both samples, suggesting that the SCL-90R performs well in the assessment of neurotic symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Measurement of neurotic symptoms by self-report questionnaire: validity of the SCL-90R. 228 95

In view of the pharmacological and chemical reasons for using ACE-inhibitors to treat diabetic hypertension, a group of 40 outpatients were treated with Enalapril. The sample consisted of 20 outpatients, 6 males, 14 females aged 48-76 (mean age 63.75), 18 of whom had type II and 2 type I diabetes and 11 under treatment by diet and hypoglycaemic drugs or insulin. All these patients presented slight or moderate essential arterial hypertension (diastolic pressure less than 115 mmHg). For about one year 17 of the patients were given 20 mg/die Enalapril and the remaining three 10 mg/die in a single morning dose. In 16 cases no other treatment was given. In 4 a non-potassium conserving diuretic was also given. Check-ups before six months into and at the end of treatment showed: a statistically significant reduction in systolic (p less than 0.05) and diastolic (p less than 0.01) pressure. In contrast no significant change was noted in heart beat, glycaemia before or after meals, body weight, glycosylated haemoglobin or any other blood chemical parameter considered. In one case only there was a slight increase in proteinuria that was however present at the start of treatment. As far as side effects are concerned there was one case of cardiac palmus during treatment and one case of coughing that regressed totally when treatment was suspended but nothing else of significance. It should be noted that the antidiabetic treatment remained unchanged throughout the period considered in most cases and at most was subjected to minimal qualitative and quantitative adjustments.
 ...
PMID:[Prolonged treatment of hypertension in diabetic patients with enalapril. 1-year follow-up]. 282 79

Despite the wide distribution of devices for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), there is no internationally accepted agreement on a standardized procedure for their evaluation. This is due to incomplete or even inappropriate technical evaluation and to inadequate evaluation criteria for their clinical acceptability. To provide adequate information on the performance of these devices over the whole clinically relevant range for SMBG (30-350 mg/dl), a standardized test procedure has been established for technical (accuracy, precision, and total deviation) and clinical (acceptance analysis) evaluation. To demonstrate the potency of this new approach, the following SMBG devices and test strips were evaluated: Chemstrip bG batch (n = 10), Glucostix batch (n = 2), Accu-Check II (n = 5), Diascan (n = 5), Diascan strip batch (n = 4), Glucocheck SC (n = 4), and Glucometer II (n = 4). The devices and test strips were examined by trained technicians, and in addition, 1 Chemstrip bG batch and 2 Accu-Check II meters were examined by 10 and 5 trained diabetic patients, respectively. Even the best-performing device did not achieve the American Diabetes Association's goal that SMBG measurements should be within 15% of the reference value. Instead, the maximal total deviation within the clinically relevant blood glucose range reached values that equalled deviations from the reference value between 16 and 108%. Three of 36 devices were classified as good, 29 as acceptable, and 4 as unacceptable for clinical use. In conclusion, this new approach to the technical and clinical evaluation of devices for SMBG is easy to perform and provides more realistic and comparable information for clinical use and approval than commonly used methods.
Diabetes Care 1988 Sep
PMID:New approach to technical and clinical evaluation of devices for self-monitoring of blood glucose. 321 67

District nurses constitute the basis of the primary health care services in Dominica. All encounters of three district nurses were registered using the international classification of primary care. Information on other aspects of district nursing was collected by participating observation and the use of a questionnaire. Check-ups for hypertension, diabetes, pregnancy and immunisations constituted 40% of all reasons for encounter. The district nurses dealt with 80% of all contacts; only 20% of all patients were referred to the district medical officer. There are several discouragements to the motivation of the nurses. In addition to being a nurse, all have their family and other obligations. Postgraduate training with diversified certification and upgrading of wages could contribute to a continued high motivation and increased job satisfaction.
 ...
PMID:District nursing in Dominica. 983 84

Forty-five diabetic patients were studied to evaluate adaptation and coping strategies. The authors have also analysed personality traits mainly to study different behaviour in compliance conduct. The results revealed an important psychological dimension made up of difficulties in accepting insulin immediately, in fear of addiction and doubts about the therapy. On the basis of these results the sample was then divided into two subgroups, which were then tested and compared with the Adjective Check List. The subgroup that showed more fear, insecurity and initial resistance towards insulin therapy appeared to be more rigid and seemingly conforming. These people also revealed personality aspects compatible with the presence of passive-aggressive and avoidant traits.
Diabetes Nutr Metab 2000 Feb
PMID:Personality variables and compliance with insulin therapy in Type 2 diabetic subjects. 1082 16

We report the case of a 66 years old woman with a well controlled, insulin-treated, type 2 diabetes, who experienced a ten-fold increase of her daily insulin needs (from 21 to 215 U/day) after the onset of a symptomatic atrial fibrillation. Check-up for another cause of insulin resistance was negative, and insulin doses could be decreased to preceding values only after electric cardioversion. Symptomatic atrial fibrillation should be considered as a potential cause of hyperglycemia.
Diabetes Metab 2002 Jun
PMID:Atrial fibrillation can cause major hyperglycemia. 1214 5

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients experience a markedly increased frequency of cardiovascular disease. We evaluated cardiovascular risk profiles in 79 RA patients and in 39 age-matched and sex-matched osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Laboratory tests comprised ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) and fasting lipids. Insulin sensitivity (IS) was determined by the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) in all OA patients and in 39 of the RA patients. Ten RA patients were on glucocorticoids. RA patients exercised more frequently than OA patients (chi2 = 3.9, P < 0.05). Nine RA patients and one OA patient had diabetes (chi2 = 4.5, P < 0.05). The median CRP, the mean QUICKI and the mean high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were 9 mg/l (range, 0.5-395 mg/l), 0.344 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.332-0.355) and 1.40 mmol/l (95% CI, 1.30-1.49 mmol/l) in RA patients, respectively, as compared with 2.7 mg/l (range, 0.3-15.9 mg/l), 0.369 (95% CI, 0.356-0.383) and 1.68 mmol/l (95% CI, 1.50-1.85 mmol/l) in OA patients. Each of these differences was significant (P < 0.05). After controlling for the CRP, the QUICKI was similar in RA and OA patients (P = 0.07), while the differences in HDL cholesterol were attenuated but still significant (P = 0.03). The CRP correlated with IS, while IS was associated with high HDL cholesterol and low triglycerides in RA patients and not in OA patients. A high CRP (>/= 8 mg/l) was associated with hypertension (chi2 = 7.4, P < 0.05) in RA patients. RA glucocorticoid and nonglucocorticoid users did not differ in IS and lipids (P > 0.05). Excess cardiovascular risk in RA patients as compared with OA patients includes the presence of decreased IS and HDL cholesterol in RA patients. The latter is only partially attributable to the acute phase response. The CRP, IS, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and hypertension are inter-related in RA patients, whereas none of these relationships were found in OA patients.
 ...
PMID:Cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis versus osteoarthritis: acute phase response related decreased insulin sensitivity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as clustering of metabolic syndrome features in rheumatoid arthritis. 1222 8

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the most common liver disorders. This is highly prevalent in obese and diabetic subjects. Persons with central obesity are at particular risk. Other clinical predictors are age more than 40-50 years and hyperlipidemias, but none of these factors is invariable for causation of NASH. Other reported associations are, celiac disease, Wilson's Disease and few other metabolic diseases. Drugs, particularly amiodarone, tamoxifen, nucleoside analogues and methotrxate have also been linked to NASH. The disease is evenly distributed in both sexes but advanced disease is more common in women. Ethnic variation exists and African Americans are less affected than Hispanic Americans. Specific clinical features of NASH are infrequent. Patients usually come to clinical attention by elevated liver enzymes found on routine evaluation but on history, about two third of patients will admit to have mild fatigue and about half will report right upper quadrant pain. Rarely, patient may present with a complication of cirrhosis. Physical examination may reveal hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Research in last few years has stressed that development of steatosis, stetohepatitis, fibrosis with subsequent cirrhosis are most probably the result of insulin resistance. Therefore, clinical features may reflect existence of insulin resistance. Obesity, particularly central obesity is most important of these. Patients may have sleep apnea syndrome. Hypertension and manifestations of diabetes mellitus like polyuria, polydypsia, and neurological deficits may occur. Patients may have varying combination of obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and impaired fibrinolysis (syndrome X). Children with insulin resistance may show acanthosis nigricance. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, which consists of insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, hirsutism, oligo or polymenorrha and hyperlipidemia may have NASH. Other rare manifestations of insulin resistance, which can be seen in patients of NASH are lipomatosis, lipoatrophy/lipodystrophy and panniculitis. Most other rare conditions known to cause NASH like peroxisomal diseases, mitochondialpathies, Weber-Christian disease, Mauriac syndrome, Madelung's lipomatosis and abetaliopprotenemia also have insulin resistance. This is believed that primary defect underlying insulin resistance is impairment in postreceptor pathways (through tyrosine kinase activity) of insulin action. Primary defect in insulin receptors appear uncommon. This results in down regulation of insulin receptor substance 1 (IRS-1) signaling by excess free fatty acids. In muscle, activated IRS-1 promotes translocation of glucose transporter protein 4 (GLUT4) to cell membrane. As a result, monocyte glucose uptake by GLUT4 increases glucose disposal from blood and reduced need for insulin. PKC-0 is a likely candidate as serine kinase in muscle regulated by fatty acids that can impair the activation of IRS-1. Insulin resistance is usually evaluated by fasting insulin levels, Quantitative Insulin Check Index (QUICKI) and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA), C-peptid/insulin ratio oral glucose tolerance test and hyper insulinemic euglycemic clamp. The clamp technique is considered the gold standard.
 ...
PMID:Insulin resistance and clinical aspects of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). 1619 20

The purpose of this article is to share an educational strategy or tool that is relevant for use in patient and professional diabetes education. The tool offers an opportunity for diabetes educators to screen for psychosocial variables such as depression or emotional distress. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify psychological variables that have an impact on individuals living with diabetes and their ability to self-manage their disease. The literature revealed that both depression and emotional distress related to diabetes was experienced by individuals with diabetes along with those individuals who were unable to self-management their disease. The Accu-Check Interview is a computer software program that may assist diabetes educators to provide diabetes education. Use of the Accu-Check Interview software program has been implemented at various sites including the Joslin Clinic (Boston, Mass), Baystate Medical Center (Springfield, Mass), and Emerson Hospital (Concord, Mass). The Diabetes Self Care Profile is a Web-based version of the Accu-Check Interview and can be accessed as a demonstration in English and Spanish. These tools allow diabetes educators to screen for psychosocial variables and address issues with individuals while using a motivational interviewing approach.
Diabetes Educ
PMID:Assessing psychosocial variables: a tool for diabetes educators. 1643 92

Beneficial effects of n-3 fatty acids on a variety of physiological functions have been reported, but information related to the effects of oily fish consumed within a varied diet on glucose metabolism and diabetes risk is scarce. The objective of the study was to compare the effects of a diet rich in oily fish to those of a diet rich in red meat on lipid profile, oxidative status, glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in young, iron-deficient women. The study was designed attending the CONSORT statement guidelines. It was a randomised crossover dietary intervention study with two 8-week periods. Two diets were designed differing only in their oily fish or red meat content (four portions per week). Twenty-five young iron-deficient women with normal lipid, glucose and insulin levels participated in the assay. Lipid profile (total, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, TAG), fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and oxidation (lipoperoxides) and inflammation (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) biomarkers were analysed. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) and Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI). Insulin levels significantly decreased and insulin sensitivity significantly increased with the oily fish diet. HDL-cholesterol significantly increased with the oily fish diet. Other parameters did not significantly differ between diets. An increase in oily fish consumption increases insulin sensitivity in young iron-deficient women. This outcome should be considered when giving dietary advice to this population.
 ...
PMID:An oily fish diet increases insulin sensitivity compared to a red meat diet in young iron-deficient women. 1921 Aug 57


1 2 3 Next >>