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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients on chronic hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) may develop anorectal problems necessitating surgery. From January 1984 to December 1987, 18 ESRD patients underwent anorectal surgery. During this period, a mean of 215 patients underwent dialysis. Patients with ESRD present with characteristic problems: chronic constipation, need for dialysis pre- and postoperatively with heparin infusion, anemia, anticoagulation secondary to the consequences of uremia, and significant medical problems including coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Two patients had concomitant anal fissure, two had fistula-in-ano, and one had an acute perianal abscess. In two patients, the postoperative course was complicated by hemorrhage and, in one patient, by abscess formation. There was no delay in wound healing compared with a cohort group. The essentials of perioperative management are discussed with respect to timing of dialysis, methods of anesthesia and pain management, coagulation screening, and complications. Patients on well-managed chronic dialysis will tolerate anorectal surgery without undue jeopardy.
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PMID:Is anorectal surgery on chronic dialysis patients risky? 173 84

The lack of fiber in the western diet may contribute to the development of several diseases including gastrointestinal disorders; the clinical effects of a new substance (AGIOLAX) made from plantago seeds and senna pods were studied. 100 patients of both sexes, aged from 40 to 60 years (30 with diabetes mellitus, 40 with obesity and 30 with hyperlipidemia) were treated; everyone complained a slowness, of different degree, of normal intestinal transit time or chronic constipation. The experiment was carried out without the use of a control group. Aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of the product. In addition to the clinical evaluation of the symptoms, laboratory tests were performed. The patients were treated for 3 months with a daily dose of 2 teaspoons every evening. In the majority of the subjects a good clinical response was obtained; 88% of the patients presented a normalization of the gastrointestinal transit time; only 12% of them did not respond satisfactorily to the substance. Further the drug was well tolerated by 86% of the patients. In conclusion the authors report a good efficacy and tolerability of the product; thus they recommend its use in those disorders characterized by slow intestinal transit time and/or constipation.
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PMID:[Clinical study of a new preparation from plantago seeds and senna pods]. 295 23

After a brief reference on the so-called diseases of "civilisation" and on their correlations with a diet rich in refined high caloric carbohydrate having poor gastric filling capacity and therefore lacking in fibre, the authors present their experience on a new product, MF/D/80, which is an association of cereal and acid fruit fibres. 25 patients (3 men and 22 women) were treated, 22 of them suffered from chronic constipation and 3 from colitis. The experiment was carried out without the use of control drugs. The aim of the research was that of verifying the efficacy and tolerability of the product. The efficacy was optimal in 88%, good in 4% and modest in 2 cases (8%) of the entire number of cases while the tolerability has been optimal in all the cases. The Authors conclude the retaining that MF/D/80 is a product that can be used with enormous advantages in chronic constipation for its efficacy, optimal tolerability and for its mechanism of action. The Authors finally underline its usefullness as an "alimentary integrator" in all those diseases (obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis etc.) which among the various etiopathogenetic moments, also count in refined alimentation.
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PMID:[Clinical experience on a new substance with high fibre content (author's transl)]. 626 74

Colonic motility is provided by contraction of intramural smooth muscle under the control of the enteric and the extrinsic nervous system and humoral connections. In vivo measurement of colonic motility remains difficult because of the complexity of these interactions and anatomical considerations. The possibility that symptoms are due to colonic dysmotility should be considered in patients with normal barium enema and colonoscopy. Examples of this are patients with chronic constipation, irritable bowel syndrome or colonic symptoms associated with diabetes mellitus or diseases of the nervous system. A number of techniques have been developed to assess colonic motility. The simplest is to assess colonic transient with a single abdominal x-ray following ingestion of radio-opaque markers. This is cheap, reproducible and easy to perform. Normal values for age and sex are available. Colonic transit of both liquid and solid can be determined by scintigraphic measurement. This technique provides information about regional variations in colonic function; it is however relatively demanding and requires access to a gamma camera. Manometry provides a more direct assessment of colonic motor activity. Changes in the electrical potential of the colonic smooth muscle can be determined by electromyography. Both techniques are however difficult to perform, and are currently only used for research purposes. It is likely that the combination of techniques that examine transit with more direct measurement of motor function will provide further insights into the mechanisms responsible for colonic dysmotility.
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PMID:[Colonic motility]. 821 Oct 48

The authors experienced two elderly patients of megacolon associated with cerebral infarction and diabetes mellitus. The first patient was a 66-year-old female who was admitted to our hospital for rehabilitation with a complaint of knee pain. She had suffered from diabetes mellitus since she was 30 years old and multiple cerebral infarction since age 62. Two months after admission, she had an episode of abdominal distension and obstructive symptoms. The roentgenograms of her abdomen showed diffuse dilatation of the colon. The second patient was a 78-year-old female admitted to our hospital with complaints of abdominal pain, distension of the abdomen and vomiting. Her abdomen was severely distended and plain roentgenograms of the abdomen, X-ray studies of the colon with the aid of contrast medium and CT scan of the abdomen showed striking dilatation of the colon. Megacolon may be congenital or acquired, and in acquired forms the conditions are secondary to organic diseases, smooth muscle atrophy, metabolic and neurological diseases, ulcerative colitis or psychogenic origin (idiopathic). The two patients in this series were suffered from cerebral infarction and diabetes mellitus. The mechanisms of megacolon seen in these two patients are not known, but involvement of the visceral autonomic innervation is presumed. Some elderly patients have chronic constipation, and dilatation of the colon may not be uncommon due to underlying diseases or drugs. Therefore, when examining elderly patients, careful attention should be paid to their bowel movement.
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PMID:[Two elderly cases of megacolon associated with cerebral infarction and diabetes mellitus]. 836 Oct 82

Nutrition services are important in the prevention of disabilities as well as in the treatment and/or habilitation of children with chronic illness. Level 1 nutrition care requires some basic knowledge of nutrition to screen for nutritional risk factors, knowledge of and access to referral systems for children identified to be at risk, and ability to use general nutrition education materials. Level 2 involves individualized nutrition assessment and intervention for problems such as anemia, chronic constipation, low- or high-calorie diets, feeding problems, and growth monitoring. Level 3 nutrition services are for children with identified disabilities such as cystic fibrosis, diabetes, and metabolic disorders that require specific complex nutrition interventions. The five major components of assessment of nutritional status in children are: anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, dietary, and feeding skill development.
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PMID:Pediatric nutrition assessment: identifying children at risk. 933 67

Prevalence of chronic constipation is around 3% in youth, 8% in middle age, and 20% in the elderly, respectively. There are three etiologic groups: 1. Diet poor in fibre. Most constipated persons, however, do not eat less fibre than controls. 2. Organic diseases accompanied by constipation such as autonomous neuropathies (e.g. in diabetes), endocrine disorders, and neurologic diseases (e.g. Parkinsons disease). 3. Functional outlet obstruction. This may be due to disturbed sphincter function, internal rectal prolapse, or rectocele. The basic treatment of all forms of constipation consists in a diet rich in fibre. In selected cases of functional outlet obstruction, surgery may be successful. Otherwise, treatment with laxatives is justified.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and therapy of constipation]. 988 Oct 37

An inquiry concerning the prevalence of urinary incontinence for the moroccan women has been archived about 1000 women aged more than 18 years to study prevalence, epidemiology and risk factors of urinary incontinence. 271 women among the 1000 women said that they had suffered from the mictional disorder at least one time during the last month, let 27.1%; 48.7% of the incontinent women are from 30 to 60 years; 22.5% are less than 30 years old, and 8.85% are more than 75 years old. Among these 271 women, 49.44% suffered from leakage after making an effort; 42.80% an imperiosity, and 7.76% spontaneous leakage. Seventy per cent among these women had level of study at least medium; 85.97% among these women suffered the discomfort; but 8.48% of them had been consulted for this disorder, 78.96% are able to consult a medical and to have a clinical or paraclinical exams. The elements who are responsible of this disorder are: menopause, parity, the use of forceps, the weight of first child birth over 3.5 kg, the perineal tearing. Among the medical antecedents we find: chronic bronchitis, urinary infections, chronic constipation, diabetes, and in the other way among surgical antecedents are: hysterectomy and prolapsus cure.
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PMID:[Prevalence of urinary incontinence in Moroccan women. Report of 1,000 cases]. 1167 66

In patients often require repeated colonoscopy as a result of poor colonic preparation. A study of 101 inpatients was conducted to determine the most effective bowel preparation strategies. Results suggest patients on certain medications and with certain medical histories react differently to bowel preparation. Patients with diabetes, renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or chronic constipation should receive a more aggressive preparation to obtain optimal results. Likewise, patients who are taking narcotics and laxatives need to be identified and can be expected to require additional preparation to be properly cleansed. Clear liquid diet prior to the administration of the bowel preparation was the only diet modification that affected quality of preparation. The optimal bowel preparation was a 6-liter Golytely preparation along with a secondary preparation (e.g., tap water enema, Fleets enema, Dulcolax tablets). Results showed a 50% satisfactory rating of bowel preparation was achieved in patients who took 3/4 to all of their preparation. The best results were obtained when the colonoscopy procedure was conducted within 6-11 hours of bowel preparation completion.
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PMID:Reasons for poor colonic preparation with inpatients. 1519 33

Considerable evidence exists for the place of mind body medicine in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Excessive anxiety is maladaptive. It is often considered to be the major component of unhealthy lifestyle that contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of not only psychiatric but also many other systemic disorders. Among the approaches to reduce the level of anxiety has been the search for healthy lifestyles. The aim of the study was to study the short-term impact of a comprehensive but brief lifestyle intervention, based on yoga, on anxiety levels in normal and diseased subjects. The study was the result of operational research carried out in the Integral Health Clinic (IHC) at the Department of Physiology of All India Institute of Medical Sciences. The subjects had history of hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, psychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, 'stress'), gastrointestinal problems (non ulcer dyspepsia, duodenal ulcers, irritable bowel disease, Crohn's disease, chronic constipation) and thyroid disorders (hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism). The intervention consisted of asanas, pranayama, relaxation techniques, group support, individualized advice, and lectures and films on philosophy of yoga, the place of yoga in daily life, meditation, stress management, nutrition, and knowledge about the illness. The outcome measures were anxiety scores, taken on the first and last day of the course. Anxiety scores, both state and trait anxiety were significantly reduced. Among the diseased subjects significant improvement was seen in the anxiety levels of patients of hypertension, coronary artery disease, obesity, cervical spondylitis and those with psychiatric disorders. The observations suggest that a short educational programme for lifestyle modification and stress management leads to remarkable reduction in the anxiety scores within a period of 10 days.
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PMID:Effect of yoga based lifestyle intervention on state and trait anxiety. 1685 Sep 2


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