Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 69-year-old-female with a history of rheumatoid arthritis since 1975 had suffered from dysesthesia of extremities since October 1989. Radiating pain and weakness occurred when she tried to stand up on Dec. 25 in 1989. She was admitted to our hospital in October 1990. Physical examination showed emaciation, hypesthesia of extremities, hypesthesia over the right chest and back, impaired vibration and position sense, and hyperreflexia. Laboratory findings revealed that the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was elevated to 46mm/hr, rheumatoid factor (RF) to 83.1IU/ml and CRP to 3.7mg/dl. Her blood sugar was high and she was diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus. Cervical X ray film showed atlanto-axial subluxation. A pseudotumor around the odontoid process bulging into the spinal canal and compression of the upper cervical cord was observed by MRI. In spite of administration of bucillamine (100mg/day), the size of pseudotumor did not change. Methotrexate (MTX) at a dose of 5mg/week was started in February 1991 and the pseudotumor decreased in size with a concurrent reduction of ESR, RF and CRP. However, the high intensity lesion by T2 weighed image did not change and dysesthesia persisted. The pseudotumor was thought to be due to pannus and it was revealed that MTX was effective for reduction. The persistent dysesthesia was probably due to the degeneration of the upper cervical cord, although diabetic neuropathy may also have played a role.
 ...
PMID:[A case of rheumatoid arthritis complicated with pseudotumor around odontoid process successfully treated by methotrexate]. 144 85

Patient 1 was a 39-year-old man; patient 2, a 42-year-old woman; patient 3, a 78-year-old man. Leading symptoms were chronic asymmetrical weakness in all three cases, which started in a distal portion of the upper extremities. Muscle atrophy was often less prominent than would be expected from the power of the muscle. Fasciculations were observed in two patients and the initial symptom of patient 2 was painful cramp of the right thumb. Patient 1 initially had mild transient dysesthesia of the right fingers. The other two patients had no sensory symptoms or signs. General laboratory tests revealed no particular abnormalities except that patient 3 had mild diabetes mellitus, although the type of neuropathy in patient 3 was quite different from diabetic neuropathy. Total protein concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid were 34, 32 and 43 mg/dl in three patients, respectively (normally, less than 40 mg/dl). Motor nerve conduction studies revealed conduction block in more than one nerve in every case. Conduction velocities were generally normal in those segments of nerve where conduction block was not detected. Serum anti-ganglioside antibodies were investigated by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Glycolipids used as the antigen include GM1, GM2, GM3, GD1b, GD3, GT1b, GQ1b, GA1 and galactocerebroside. Strong IgM antibody activity against GM1, GD1b and GA1 was noted in patient 1. Weaker but significant IgM antibody activities against GM1 and GA1 were detected in patient 2 and 3. Thin-layer chromatography immunostaining also confirmed these results. Muscle biopsy in patient 1 revealed a lot of target fibers and profuse polyglucosan bodies in the axons of intramuscular nerves.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Motor-dominant neuropathy with multifocal conduction block]. 208 27

Eighty consecutive neurological ambulatory patients with various symptoms are presented. All patients with a history of diabetes or alcoholism were excluded. The group was composed of 54 females and 26 males ranging in age from 16 to 67 years. Neurological examination showed at least one peripheral abnormal finding in all patients. Absence of Achilles reflexes, impairment of tactile and vibratory sensibility in the distal portions of the legs and dysesthesia were the most frequent alterations. All patients showed normal fasting blood sugar and were submitted to the oral glucose tolerance test. Some evidence of abnormal glucose tolerance was present in 41 patients (51.25% of the entire group). Thus, we suggest that polyneuritis, misinterpreted as late complication, is indeed an integral part of the syndrome of diabetes and may be its very first objective sign. In conclusion, it is assumed that all patients with evidence of objective polyneuritis should be thoroughly tested for abnormality of glucose tolerance.
 ...
PMID:[Asymptomatic polyneuritis: a starting point for the diagnosis of diabetes]. 226 Sep 53

The distributions of sensory abnormalities in 17 episodes of diabetic truncal neuropathy among 7 patients with diabetes mellitus are described. The patterns are highly variable: the distribution of adjacent main spinal nerves may be involved, resulting in a complete dermatomal band of dysesthesia, but almost two-thirds of the episodes were restricted to the distribution of the ventral or dorsal rami of the spinal nerves or branches of these rami or varying combinations of these distributions.
 ...
PMID:Diabetic truncal neuropathy: topography of the sensory deficit. 272 14

A 46-yr-old man with a 3-month history of post treatment neuropathy following insulin treatment for diabetes mellitus was suffering from severe pain and dysesthesia in his bilateral feet and legs. The patient described his pain as constant burning sensation which was severest in the soles and extended circumferentially over the legs. Previous trials of tricyclic antidepressants and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs were uneffective. The patient received a trial dose of intravenous lidocaine (200mg), which markedly decreased his pain. Subsequently, mexiletine was administered orally in a dose of 300 mg a day and the dose was increased up to 450 mg a day, by which a severity of pain was halved and anxiety was relieved one month later. In conclusion, intravenous lidocaine and oral mexiletine may be useful drugs for post treatment neuropathy.
 ...
PMID:[Intravenous lidocaine in the treatment of post treatment neuropathy]. 807 60

We report a 63-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus for 23 years. Painful dysesthesia developed in his toes and trunk with weight loss of 2kg in two months, after the therapy for diabetes mellitus. Truncal painful dysesthesia was symmetrically distributed in the bilateral posterior and anterior T8-11 dermatomes, sparing the bilateral lateral tholacic areas. Electromyography showed denervation potentials in bilateral abdominal rectus muscles at the levels of Th8-10. Histopathological study of the biopsied right sural nerve revealed small fiber neuropathy. We suspected the truncal painful dysesthesia of this patient resulted from diabetic small fiber polyneuropathy, which was resistant to ordinary medical treatments such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Capsaicin cream containing 0.075% capsaicin, and lidocaine delivered by iontophoresis were both effective for his painful dysesthesia.
 ...
PMID:[Therapeutic trials with topical capsaicin cream and iontophoretically applied lidocaine for diabetic painful truncal neuropathy]. 868 86

Cerebrolysin is a peptide solution with free amino acids and biologically active peptides showing neurotrophic efficiency. In a placebo-controlled longitudinal study we investigated the effect of that drug for treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy in 20 type-II diabetic patients (9 women, 11 men, mean age 63 +/- 9 years, duration of diabetes 14 +/- 7 years). Patients received daily a cerebrolysin-infusion (20 ml in 500 ml Ringer) over a period of 10 days. In an age- and diabetes-duration matched placebo group of 10 type-II diabetic patients (7 women, 3 men, age 66 +/- 9 years, duration of diabetes 12 +/- 5 years) vitamin B infusion was administered (5 ml vitamin B complex in 500 ml Ringer) during 10 days. We compared a five-item symptom score scale (FIS) for pain, dysesthesia, paresthesia, nightly exacerbation, and sleep disturbances (grade 0 to 3) and a graphic visual analogue rating scale (VAS) for recording the magnitude of the pains (scale 0 to 100 mm) at the beginning and the end of the infusion therapy as well as 6 weeks later. Cerebrolysin was associated with a significant decrease in total FIS score from 8.7 +/- 1.9 at the start of therapy to 5.1 +/- 2.2 after 6 weeks (p < 0.001), and to a reduction of the VAS score from 4.2 +/- 0.8 to 2.8 +/- 0.9 (p < 0.001) during the same period of observation. In contrast in the placebo group the total FIS score decreased only from 7.9 +/- 1.2 at the beginning to 6.6 +/- 1.1 (p < 0.05) 6 weeks later and the VAS score from 4.5 +/- 0.6 to 4.0 +/- 0.5 (NS). Thus cerebrolysin led to a significant subjective improvement of painful diabetic neuropathy in type-II diabetic patients at least for a period of 6 weeks.
 ...
PMID:[Cerebrolysin in treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy]. 917 75

Although the Restless-Legs-Syndrome (RLS) is harmless, it can be considerably bothersome on occasions. It seems to affect 1-5% of the population. The minimal criteria for diagnosis are: Symmetric or asymmetric dysesthesias of the lower, sometimes also of the upper extremities, present at rest, especially at night. This induces a need to move. Moving gives always relief, but only for a few seconds. Occasionally, dysesthesia can be painful. Additional features are: Involuntary, rhythmic retraction movements occurring especially at night, during sleep stages I und II. Sleep is disrupted and superficial, followed by daytime fatigue. Aetiologically, it is a mostly primary or hereditary disease, but may go along with uremia, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. Pathophysiologically there seems to be a malfunction of dopamine and opiate receptors in the central nervous system. Recently, morphological modifications have been found in peripheral nerves. Coffeine has been claimed as causative factor, but its role remains questionable. Therapy shows a high success rate. Some patients may complain about some remaining symptoms even with high doses of medication. Although carbamazepine, clonazepam and clonidine showed satisfactory results in controlled studies, dopaminergic agents and opiates have many advantages. In contrast to the former compounds, the latter are also effective against periodic movements in sleep. Side effects will be discussed according to the literature. In the second part of this paper, practical aspects concerning the care of RLS patients are considered.
 ...
PMID:[Restless legs syndrome--current aspects]. 924 61

Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication in diabetes mellitus. Diabetic neuropathy is accompanied by alterations in axonal excitability, which can lead to either "positive" (paresthesia, dysesthesia, pain) and/or "negative" (hypesthesia, anesthesia) symptoms. The mechanisms underlying these alterations in axonal excitability are not well understood. Clinical tests reveal reduced nerve conduction velocity and axonal loss, but fail to explain nerve excitability. Many different factors have been suggested in relation to the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy. There are probably as many factors as there are different clinical pictures in diabetic neuropathy. Nevertheless, it seems that hyperglycemic hypoxia is mainly responsible for the electrophysiological changes seen in damaged diabetic nerves. This article summarizes experimental data indicating that a dysfunction of ion conductances, especially voltage-gated ion channels, could contribute to abnormalities in the generation and/or conduction of action potentials in diabetic neuropathy.
 ...
PMID:The role of axonal ion conductances in diabetic neuropathy: a review. 973 52

We report a 40-year-old man with hypertension and diabetes mellitus, who had crossed oral-pedal sensory disturbance in lateral medullary infarction. He suddenly developed dysesthesia in the right mount and the left leg. His blood pressure was 150/90 mmHg. Neurological examination showed Horner's sign in the right eye and horizontal nystagmus. Sensory function revealed decreased temperature, hypalgesia and dysesthesia in the right mouth and the left leg. Vibratory and position sense were normal. T1- and T2-weighted images disclosed a low and high signal intensity area in the lateral portion of the right medulla oblongata, respectively. Brain and neck MRA using time-of-flight sequence revealed no obvious abnormal structures. We have diagnosed him as lateral medullary infarction. The unique topography of sensory dysfunction thought to be attributed to a far-lateral lesion in the medulla oblongata. Our patient suggests that lateral medullary infarction causes variable patterns of sensory disturbance. Thus, lateral medullary infarction should be warranted when we encounter patients with miscellaneous distribution of sensory impairment, such as crossed mouth-foot hypalgesia.
 ...
PMID:[Sensory disturbance of crossed oral-pedal topography in a case of lateral medullary infarction]. 984 55


1 2 Next >>