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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 53-year-old white woman developed diabetes mellitus, migratory erythema, and anemia, clinical features suggesting the presence of a "glucagonoma." Ten years earlier, after laparotomy and pancreatic biopsy, she had been told that she had an inoperable pancreatic carcinoma. Review of that biopsy together with current hormonal assay now confirms the diagnosis of glucagonoma. The recurrent peptic ulcer in this patient despite high levels of glucagon, a gastric inhibitory agent, is noted but not explained. An enhanced amylase-creatinine clearance ratio supports the notion that glucagon increases the clearances of amylase.
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PMID:Glucagonoma, chronic recurrent peptic ulcer disease, and enhanced amylase-creatinine clearance ratio. Report of a case with review of the literature. 9 10

Glucagon-secreting tumors of the pancreatic islets (glucagonomas) produce a distinctive syndrome in which weight loss, diabetes mellitus, anemia,and prominent mucocutaneous findings occur. The cutaneous component-necrolytic migratory erythema--may be polymorphous, but most commonly manifests as erosions and crusts of the groin, perineum, buttocks, distal part of the extremities, and central area of the face. Alternatively, scaly papules and plaques may predominate in these areas. The eruption may resemble such dermatoses as pemphigus foliaceus, acrodermatitis enteropathica, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, psoriasis, and severe seborrheic dermatitis. Two patients with chronic, previously undiagnosed dermatoses had necrolytic migratory erythemia, which led to the discovery of glucagonomas present in each. In one patient surgical resection of the tumor resulted in total clearing of the rash within 48 hours. Awareness of this distinctive entity may lead to early diagnosis and, possibly, cure.
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PMID:Necrolytic migratory erythema. Distinctive dermatosis of the glucagonoma syndrome. 19 37

Clinical observations on two cases of staphylodermia superficialis circinata are reported. This rare variation of superificial staphylococcal skin infection is identical with the "erythema necroticans migrans". As this cutaneous manifestation is highly associated with malignant internal diseases it must be regarded as a "cutaneous paraneoplasia". Out of 14 cases of erythema necroticans migrans, so far published this dermatosis occured in 13 patients suffering from pancreatic cancer. Association with pancreatitis was demonstrated in one case. In both cases herein reported the cutaneous manifestations were associated with a carcinoma of the pancreas and with cervix cancer. Extreme loss of weight, atrophic glossitis, therapy-resistant anemia and a slight diabetes are extra-cutaneous symptoms of this paraneoplastic syndrom.
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PMID:[Staphylodermia superficialis circinata. The 5th obligatory cutaneous paraneoplasia]. 19 72

The glucagonoma syndrome is characterized by necrolytic migratory erythema, glossitis, ungual dystrophy, diabetes mellitus, anemia, weight loss, elevated plasma glucagon levels and an alpha-cell glucagon-secreting neoplasm of the pancreas. We are reporting a case of this syndrome in a middle-aged woman, in whom the first complaints and signs were cutaneous. The recognition of the distinctive skin manifestations of the syndrome led to early diagnosis and treatment of the underlying malignant pancreatic tumor.
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PMID:The glucagonoma syndrome. 20 68

A 54-year-old male with diabetes, weight loss, glossitis and Candidiasis presented with the typical cutaneous eruption of necrolytic migratory erythema. The suspicion of pancreatic glucagonoma was confirmed by an elevated plasma glucagon level. Surgical removal of the pancreatic alpha cell tumor resulted in a complete disappearance of all symptoms. The importance of the recognition of the skin eruption of necrolytic migratory erythema as a clue to the presence of pancreatic glucagonoma is emphasized.
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PMID:Necrolytic migratory erythema, presenting as candidiasis, due to a pancreatic glucagonoma. 47 69

A 66-year-old male patient with non-insulin-dependent diabetes of probably 20 years' duration presented with necrolytic migratory erythema, stomatitis, anemia and weight loss. Plasma-glucagon concentration measured with Unger's antibody 30-K was 8500 pg/ml, representing a hundredfold elevation. Two thirds consisted of high molecular glucagon fractions (10 000--40 000 Dalton). This may be an important index for detection of glucagonoma with endocrine activity. After excision of the glucagonoma the clinical syndrome was reversed and the patient recovered completely. Histological and histochemical investigation confirmed that the tumor was a glucagonoma. Despite complete removal of the tumor and a normal plasma glucagon concentration, the diabetes remained unchanged. Excessive hyperglucagonemia does not appear to play a primary role in the pathogenesis of this patient's diabetes.
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PMID:[The course of diabetes and clinical findings in glucagonoma]. 52 94

Seventy patients with cutaneous erythema of the feet with or without necrosis were the subjects of this investigation. Sixty-five of them had open diabetes. The glucose tolerance of the remaining five patients was altered in a diabetic direction. Twenty-seven of the 70 patients had roentgenologically demonstrable destruction in the bones of the feet. These 70 patients were compared with 61 diabetic control patients of corresponding age and duration of diabetes but without these skin lesions of the feet. Only four of the 61 control patients had destruction in the bones of the feet and all these destructions were small. Precipitating factors were identified in general for the skin lesions, the most common being cardiac decompensation. A higher frequency of precipitating factors was seen in patients with skeletal destructions than in those without. The skeletal destructions and cutaneous necrosis are supposed to be equivalent lesions, localized to different tissues in the feet. When patients presenting skin lesions of the feet in the form of distal gangrene were compared with those who had cutaneous erythema and necrosis of the feet, but no distal gangrene, no differences were found with respect to age, duration of diabetes, occurrence of precipitating factors and the occurrence of skeletal destruction. Cutaneous erythema without necrosis is understood to be incipient diabetic gangrene.
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PMID:Skeletal lesions of the feet in diabetics and their relationship to cutaneous erythema with or without necrosis on the feet. 97 Feb 23

Thermal injury was induced on the external ears of nondiabetic and untreated alloxan diabetic rats of various ages. The skin reaction (erythema and necrosis) was assessed by naked eye inspection, 1, 7, 14 and 21 days after injury. Erythema was found to be more intense in young than in old controls after 1 and 7 days. The late erythematous reaction was more pronounced in short-term diabetic animals than in controls of the same age, indicating that the diabetic metabolic derangement per se alters the reaction. In addition, long-term diabetic rats had a markedly increased skin redness after 1, 7, 14 and 21 days when compared with controls of the same age. Thus, long-term diabetes enhances the erythematous reaction. As to the extent of necrosis, there was no significant differences between the experimental groups. There was, however, a tendency for an increased amount in the long-term when compared with the short-term diabetic rats.
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PMID:Cutaneous reactions of alloxan diabetic rats to local thermal trauma. 117 57

An earlier report described cutaneous lesions, consisting of erythema with or without necrosis, on the legs and/or feet of elderly diabetics and the cause was suggested to be an altered reaction to precipitating factors such as cardiac decompensation. The present investigation concerns the cutaneous reactions to traumatization with local heat or cold to the skin of legs and forearms of 35 diabetics and 25 controls. Petechiae within the area of traumatization with either heat or cold were observed more often in diabetics than in controls. They occurred more frequently on the legs than on the forearms. Among the controls, petechiae were observed only in those over 50 years of age and only on the legs. In the diabetics under 50, petechiae were almost always observed when the duration of diabetes was 10 years or more but seldom in young patients with diabetes of short duration. The duration of diabetes was not significantly related to the occurrence of petechiae in diabetics over 50. In these diabetics, moreover, petechiae developed after traumatization with heat of a lower temperature than that which caused petechiae to appear in corresponding controls. The initial skin lesions in dermopathia diabetica (Melin) have a reddened border. The skin of the legs of some of the diabetics developed an intensely reddened border round the area of experimental heat or cold traumatization. These patients were either elderly diabetics or younger patients with diabetes of long duration. Each of them had dermopathia diabetica and each developed atrophic circumscribed skin lesions on the site of traumatization. Nineteen diabetics had dermopathia diabetica and 16 of them developed atrophic circumscribed skin lesions on the site of traumatization, lesions which were never seen in the controls. Thus, diabetics differ from controls in their reaction to a certain thermal trauma. The possible reasons for this altered reaction are discussed.
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PMID:Cutaneous reactions of the extremities of diabetics to local thermal trauma. 118 89

This article describes purpura and pigmentations of the lower extremities as well as yellow nails mainly in elderly diabetics but also in persons not known to have diabetes. When the latter were compared to controls, it appeared that their glucose tolerance was altered in a diabetic direction. Precipitating factors could generally be established for these lesions, predominantly cardiac decompensation with edema of the legs, and were more common in patients not known to have open diabetes than in patients with open diabetes. Petechiae were transformed into small, pigmented, non-atrophic spots. Petechiae and pigmented spots were often seen simultaneously. In a few patients small, pigmented, non-atrophic spots were seen as pronounced brown-black pigmentation of the lower legs and feet. In a number of patients with open diabetes or diabetic glucose tolerance, erysipelas with purpura within the area of erysipelas was observed on the lower extremities. Patients with no purpura within the area of erysipelas generally had normal glucose tolerance. The pathogenesis of these lesions is discussed. Atrophic circumscribed skin lesions (Melin), cutaneous erythema, with or without necrosis, purpura, pigmentation, red toes, as well as rubeosis plantarum, yellow nails and neuropathy are often seen simultaneously on the lower extremities of patients with open diabetes as well as of those without open diabetes but with diabetic glucose tolerance.
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PMID:Purpura, pigmentation and yellow nails of the lower extremities in diabetics. 125 1


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