Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 196 patients with angina pectoris selective coronary angiography was performed, and the extent of angiographically proven coronary artery stenoses was described by means of a coronary score. A significant correlation between the degree of atherosclerotic lesions on the one hand and hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia as well as smoking habits on the other hand was detected. No correlation between other risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperuricemia and obesity, and the coronary score was observed.
 ...
PMID:[Coronary risk factors and extent of angiographically proven coronary artery stenoses (author's transl)]. 46 94

14 national groups have collaborated under WHO auspices to select, from local defined populations of individuals with clinical diabetes, groups of approximately 500 within the age range 35--55 yr stratified by age, sex, and known duration of diabetes. In each center, the selected patients were submitted to a standardized study protocol, which included systematic inquiry (WHO questionnaire) for the presence of symptoms of angina pectoris, history of myocardial infarction, presence of intermittent claudication, and cigarette smoking history. Examination included standard biometry, blood pressure measurement, 12-lead (centrally Minnesota coded) electrocardiography, and central laboratory measurement of serum cholesterol and creatine. Ophthalmoscopic and urinary examinations were also included. The prevalence of arterial disease symptoms and electrocardiographic abnormalities show very large variation between countries, the lowest rates generally being found in the Oriental samples and the highest in the European. "Risk factors" for arterial disease (blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and cigarette smoking) also vary widely between diabetic groups. Although data are not yet complete, these differences appear unlikely to explain the variation in the atherosclerotic morbidity observed. Diabetic women were at least as vulnerable to arterial disease as diabetic men. A high prevalence of nonspecific abnormalities of the repolarization phase of the ECG was found, even in groups where ischemic abnormalities were rare. The origin of these is uncertain; they may represent variable local changes or possibly diabetic cardiomyopathy. This preliminary report confirms and quantifies previous indications that the impact of atherosclerotic disease on persons with diabetes varies considerably between national groups, in broad terms, running parallel with the variations in prevalence in the populations in general and suggesting that cultural and/or ethnic factors are more important determinants of atherosclerosis in diabetic individuals than is the diabetic state per se.
Diabetes Care
PMID:The WHO multinational study of vascular disease in diabetes: 2. Macrovascular disease prevalence. 52 Jan 23

A five-year prospective follow-up study was done on 10,000 adult males in Israel. The end-points of diabetes mellitus--clinical and unrecognized myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, sudden death, and hypertension--were examined. The incidence rates rise with age and vary significantly by areas of birth, with the Middle Eastern and North African subjects having the highest incidence of diabetes but the lowest cardiovascular rates. A developmental medical model based on a historical-societal perspective is proposed to explain these findings. The major factors found on multivariate analysis in the development of diabetes mellitus are compared with those of the other cardiovascular end-points mentioned above. The similarities and differences between these risk factors are discussed, and I conclude that the prevention or alleviation of diabetic macrovascular disease needs a multifactorial approach against the major risk factors of the macrovascular complications as well as those related to diabetes, in the individual, family, and community.
Diabetes Care
PMID:Risk factors other than hyperglycemia in diabetic macrovascular disease. 52 Jan 33

In 305 patients operated upon for symptomatic ischaemic heart disease, a series of resting electrocardiograms, obtained during the first days after operation, was evaluated. A new Q wave was found in 10% of the patients. The genesis of this EGG change had not correlation with the patients' age and sex, presence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, tobacco smoking, blood cholesterol level, functional calss of angina pectoris, previous myocardial infarction, the number of affected coronary arteries, duration of extracorporeal circulation or anoxic circulatory arrest, and peroperatively measured graft blood flow. A new Q wave after revascularization occurred more frequently in patients with multiple venous aortocoronary bypasses. The new Q wave is an EGG manifestation of myocardial necrosis with subsequent local disturbance of left ventricular function.
 ...
PMID:A new Q wave in the electrocardiogram in patients operated upon for ischaemic heart disease. 53 2

With 218 postinfarction patients under 40 years of age who all underwent coronary angiography, the question in priority is: Can myocardial infarction in young age be characterized by special constellation of risk factors and by specific coronary morphology? Compared with results from literature the risk factors hypertension and diabetes seem to be of less importance than in older patients, smoking on the other hand seems to be more significant: 90.5% of postinfarction patients under 40 years of age were smoking regularly. Coronary angiography proved a pre-domination of 1-vessel disease: 72% showed 1-vessel, 17.9% 2-vessel and 10.1% 3-vessel disease. These findings and those from literature show that the majority of patients with myocardial infarction in young age have the following characteristics: In connection with the risk factor smoking the sclerotic coronary vessel process is developing rapidly, very often at a single spot. Since no longterm gradual occlusion process occurs, no prolonged period of angina pectoris precedes the infarction. There is no time for the development of an adequate collateral circulation; it follows that the infarction is a large one. After the acute infarction there is no angina pectoris.
 ...
PMID:[Riskfactors and coronary morphology in 218 patients with myocardial infarction under 40 years of age (author's transl)]. 60 50

Groups of patients such as the elderly, the diabetic and women have been studied to evaluate the effectiveness of coronary revascularization. In this report 77 patients under age 40 years undergoing coronary revascularization were studied. There was a high prevalence rate of predisposing factors. Sixty-eight percent reported a family history of heart disease and 27 percent a history of diabetes; 57 percent were hypertensive, 43 percent were overweight, 91 percent smoked, 5 percent were diabetic and 16 percent had abnormal glucose tolerance curves. Sixty-four percent had hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol 250 mg/100 ml) and 56 percent hyperlipidemia. Forty-four percent had had a previous myocardial infarction; 95 percent had angina pectoris, 12 percent preinfarction angina and 9 percent congestive cardiac failure. There were no operative deaths. The incidence rate of perioperative myocardial infarction (new Q waves in the electrocardiogram) was 4 percent. The mean length of of follow-up was 26 months (range 6 months to 5 years). The late mortality rate was 4 percent. Eight percent had a late myocardial infarction. Overall graft patency was 85 percent. Sixty-seven percent of patients were free of angina, and 17 percent were in improved condition. Seventy-one percent returned to work, while 29 percent remained unemployed. This study shows that in young patients, coronary revascularization is associated with low mortality and morbidity rates and that, despite the wide prevalence of predisposing factors, the prognosis and graft patency rate of these patients are similar to those of other groups.
 ...
PMID:Coronary revascularization under age 40 years. Risk factors and results of surgery. 62 35

During the years 1974 and 1975 at our institution, 587 patients who had suffered previous myocardial infarctions underwent anesthesia and surgery. Thirty-six (6.1%) had a reinfarction and 25 (69%) died. Patients operated on within three months of the previous infarction had a 27% reinfarction rate. This decreased to 11% if the infarct had occurred three to six months previously and stabilized at 4% to 5% if the interval was more than six months. Risk factors associated with significantly increased reinfarction rates included preoperative hypertension, intraoperative hypotensive episodes, and noncardiac thoracic or upper abdominal operations of more than three hours' duration. Time under anesthesia was strikingly correlated with reinfarction rates in the entire group. Postoperative intensive care unit admission did not significantly affect the reinfarction rate, nor did diabetes, angina, patient age or sex, or site of the previous myocardial infarction.
 ...
PMID:Myocardial reinfarction after anesthesia and surgery. 66 Jul 89

Twenty four cases with myocardial rupture among 259 patients with autopsy after death due to myocardial infarction, were compared with patients with acute myocardial infarction and death secondary to other causes. Myocardial rupture occured during the first 72 hours in 58% of the patients and all cases within the first five days. Two thirds of the patients were males and 46% were 70 years of age. There were 24 myocardial ruptures (9.5%). Previous history of arterial hypertension and un-remittent anginal pain were predisposing factors for rupture (p=0.05). Other previously reported bad prognostic factors such as persistent hipertension after acute infarction, severe exercise before infarction and history of Diabetes Mellitus were not statistically significant in this study. Ruptured myocardium was not influenced by a previous history of myocardial infarction, hospitalization delay in the C.C.U., administration of anticoagulants, digitalis or pressor amines. There was no significant difference among the groups compared in enzyme curves or magnitude of leucocytosis. Electromechanic dissociation, sinus bradycardia, nodal rhythm followed by idioventricular rhythm and asystole, were observed following myocardial rupture.
 ...
PMID:[Rupture of the free wall of the heart as cause of death in acute myocardial infarct]. 66 44

The most important factors in the prognosis of coronary artery disease are the number of arteries severly obstructed, significant involvement of the left main coronary artery, and generalized impairment of left ventricular function or ventricular aneurysm. Other prognostic influences at least partially independent of these factors are the severity of functional impairment imposed by angina pectoris, electrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy or conduction defects, hypertension, and diabetes. Candidates for bypass operation have a better prognosis than noncandidates, but difference in left ventricular function is responsible. Refinement of prognostic precision will depend largely on future improvement in measurement of obstructive disease and left ventricular function serially and better knowledge of the cause or causes of coronary artery disease.
 ...
PMID:Natural history of obstructive coronary artery disease: ten-year study of 601 nonsurgical cases. 67 85

The incidence, circumstances, and mechanism of development of cardiac arrest in 786 patients with myocardial infarction treated at a coronary care unit within a five-year period were studied and clinical factors are analysed with respect to success of resuscitation. One or more episodes of cardiac arrest occurred in a total of 156 patients (19.8%). Of these, 25 (16.0%) were successfully resuscitated and 131 (84.0%) died. At the clinical ward where the patients had been transferred after the acute stage, cardiac arrest occurred in additional 22 patients, of whom two were successfully resuscitated. Thus, the total number of successfully resuscitated patients throughout the five-year period was twenty-seven. The results of resuscitation were poorer in elderly patients, in those with anterior infarction, and above all in patients with severe symptoms of mechanical heart failure. Anamnestic factors (chronic angina pectoris, previous myocardial infarction, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischaemic disease of the lower limbs) were not significantly associated with the results of resuscitation. Primary ventricular fibrillation was the principal mechanism of cardiac arrest in 24 of the 27 patients successfully resuscitated, and its total incidence in the investigated group was 3%. The prognosis of resuscitation in patients with primary ventricular fibrillation was very good, and in all of them the resuscitation was successful and permanent.
 ...
PMID:Incidence of circulatory arrest in patients with acute myocardial infarction in coronary unit. Mechanism of their genesis and factors conditioning successful resuscitation. 67 95


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>