Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The role of socioeconomic and anthropometric indicators, tobacco, alcohol consumption, dietary habits, and medical history in the etiology of soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) was examined in a hospital-based case-control study, conducted in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of northeast Italy, between 1985 and 1990. A total of 88 STS cases (53 males and 35 females; median age: 52 years) and of 610 controls (306 males and 304 females; median age: 54 years) were interviewed. There were significant excess risks associated with a history of herpes zoster infection (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4, 95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-5.3), chicken pox (OR = 2.2, CI = 1.2-4.3) and mumps in childhood (OR = 2.0, CI = 1.1-3.9). History of diabetes was also linked to a nonsignificant increase in STS risk (OR = 1.8, CI = 0.6-5.4), whereas exposure to radiation for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes was not related to the probability of developing STS. None of the investigated socioeconomic and anthropometric indicators seemed to affect STS risk; neither did tobacco smoking, nor consumption of alcohol, coffee, and tea beverages. Conversely, among the dietary habits investigated, a significant positive association emerged with an increasing frequency of consumption of dairy products (chi 2 for trend = 6.8, P less than 0.01) and oil (chi 2 for trend = 4.3, P less than 0.05), while a negative association was seen for intake of whole grain bread and pasta (OR for highest cf lowest tertile = 0.4, CI = 0.2-0.9).
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PMID:Non-occupational risk factors for adult soft-tissue sarcoma in northern Italy. 187 45

The normal range of glucose-phosphate-isomerase (GPI) in the plasma of children during the first month of life is up to 80 U/l; until the end of the second year of life between 11 and 50 U/l; thereafter the upper limit is 46 U/l. In osteogenic sarcoma or medulloblastoma there is a good correlation between activity of GPI in plasma and clinical tumor stage. In a lot of other tumors sensitivity of this enzyme is either very low as in Ewing-sarcoma or myeloic leukemia or there is no consistent relation to the extent of the tumor. High activities of GPI are equally obtained in children suffering from cystic fibrosis, diabetes mellitus or muscular dystrophy. GPI is not valid as a tumor marker even being raised in sarcoma and medulloblastoma as mentioned. So it is not necessary to check GPI activity as a part of routine enzyme chemistry.
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PMID:[Behavior of glucosephosphate isomerase in children with malignant diseases]. 346 43

The effects of acute diabetes mellitus on the growth of Morris hepatoma 7288CTC and Jensen sarcoma were studied in fed, young (less than 200 g), and adult (greater than 250 g) rats. Animals were matched for tumor size and growth; the rates of tumor growth were the same in fed, young and adult nondiabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by the i.v. injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg total body weight) into tumor-bearing rats and changes in arterial blood nutrient concentrations were compared to changes in the rates of tumor growth and DNA synthesis. In young rats acute diabetes did not increase the blood concentrations of the fat store-derived nutrients and did not increase the rate of tumor growth. In adult rats, however, acute diabetes raised the arterial blood free fatty acid, glycerol, triglyceride, and ketone body concentrations to high levels and increased the rate of tumor growth about three times over that observed in untreated rats. Progress curves for the mobilization of host fat stores and for incorporation of [methyl-3H]thymidine into tumor DNA during the onset of diabetes showed that these activities were closely correlated in adult rats. Both processes began to increase 2 to 4 h after streptozotocin treatment, reached an initial peak at 12 to 16 h, decreased to a low point at 18 to 20 h, and then increased again to the new steady state after 23 to 24 h. The results indicate that the rate of tumor growth in rats in vivo is limited by the availability of a substance(s) present in the hyperlipemic blood of adult diabetic rats. The tight relationship between host lipolysis and tumor growth suggests that the substance(s) is derived from host fat stores.
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PMID:Stimulation of tumor growth in adult rats in vivo during acute streptozotocin-induced diabetes. 381 72

Sixty-one 150- to 180-g Fischer rats were assigned to one of four experimental groups: nondiabetic, tumor bearer (ND-TB, n = 15); diabetic, non-tumor bearer (D-NTB, n = 19); diabetic, tumor bearer (D-TB, n = 16); or nondiabetic, weight-matched control, tumor bearer (WM-TB, n = 11). The WM group was housed in metabolic cages and fed H2O ad libitum and rat chow to achieve appropriate carcass weight (comparable to D-NTB). Diabetes was induced with a single dose of streptozocin (STZ) 40 mg/kg body wt iv, 10 days prior to tumor inoculation. Viable methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma cells (1 X 10(6) ) were injected into the right flank on Day O. Body weight and tumor volume were assessed every 3 days. On the day of death, the animal and excised tumor were weighed. Dividing the growth curves versus time into two phases based on tumor volumes 0-20 and 20-60 cm3 defined a significant early growth (0-20 cm3) delay of 5 days in the D-TB and WM groups vs the ND-TB group. The growth rate from 20-60 was not different in any group. Tumor growth retardation seen in STZ-induced diabetic animals can be mimicked and exceeded in a pair-fed, weight-matched control group. Diabetic and starved animals have smaller tumors and live longer than ad lib fed, nondiabetic animals. The delay in tumor growth is a reflection of the retardation in the early (0-20 cm3) growth rate.
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PMID:The effects of streptozocin-induced diabetes and weight-matched pair feeding on tumor growth and survival in Fischer rats. 670 99

A Phase I trial of tricyclic nucleoside phosphate (1,4,5,6,8-pentaazaacenaphthylene-3-amino-1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl 5'-phosphate ester; NSC 280594) was conducted using a 5-day continuous infusion schedule. Thirty-seven patients with advanced cancer were entered on the study, of whom 33 patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. Dose levels ranged from 10 mg/sq m/day X 5 days to 40 mg/sq m/day X 5 days. Initially, courses were repeated every 3 to 4 weeks. As cumulative toxicity became manifested, the interval between courses was changed to every 6 weeks. Major toxicities included hyperglycemia, hepatotoxicity, and thrombocytopenia. Patients with a prior history of diabetes mellitus, extensive radiation therapy, or significant liver metastases were prone to severe toxicity. Other toxicities noted were nausea and vomiting, abdominal discomfort, anemia, and reduction in serum calcium, phosphorus, and albumin levels. Rare side effects included hypertriglyceridemia, hyperamylasemia, diarrhea, and stomatitis. Antitumor activity observed include improvement in s.c. metastases in a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma, stabilization of disease in a patient with mesothelioma, and mixed responses in three patients (colon cancer, sarcoma, and tonsillar squamous cell cancer). Recommended schedule for Phase II studies is 20 mg/sq m/day for 5 days every 6 weeks.
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PMID:Phase I study of tricyclic nucleoside phosphate using a five-day continuous infusion schedule. 674 83

We describe a case of a 47-year-old man with retroperitoneal poorly differentiated myxoid liposarcoma. The retroperitoneal invasion of the sarcoma caused hydroureter-nephrosis, rectal stenosis and also exaggerated steroid induced diabetes mellitus. A remarkable regression was achieved by systemic combination of chemotherapy with prednisolone, cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate and actinomycin D. This combination chemotherapy is worth trying if a patient has inoperable liposarcoma. It can also be used to reduce local recurrence rate after surgical or radiation therapy, or both, against liposarcoma.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy in retroperitoneal poorly differentiated myxoid liposarcoma: a report of a case. 684 11

Ninety-six spontaneously diabetic BB Wistar rats were maintained for their natural life span and, at death, were autopsied together with 86 age-and sex-matched non-diabetic BB control rats. A 15% incidence of abdominal B cell lymphoproliferative lesions was documented in the diabetic rats compared with 1% incidence in the non-diabetic rats (p less than 0.005). The B cell lymphoproliferative process included minute mesenteric and omental aggregates of plasma cells and small lymphocytes (one rat), atypical partially fibrotic lymphoproliferative mesenteric nodules (three rats), and malignant lymphoma with features of immunoblastic sarcoma (eight rats) or plasma cell lymphoma (two rats). Cytoplasmic immunoglobulin was demonstrated in two of the four lymphomas examined by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique, thus confirming their B cell derivation. The striking incidence of B cell lymphoproliferation in this diabetic population is additional evidence of altered immunity in this animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:B cell lymphoproliferation in spontaneously diabetic BB Wistar rats. 698 84

The biosynthesis of collagen and fibronectin molecules by cultivated glomerular epithelial or mesangial cells was studied at confluency using radioactive proline or lysine as precursors. Collagen represented 0.5% of the total protein synthesized by the glomerular epithelial cells. About 60% of this collagenous protein were associated to the cell layer, whereas about 40% were secreted into the culture medium. Two major collagenous polypeptides were observed with apparent molecular weights of 185K and 170K, and were identified as two gene products of type IV procollagen. They exhibited ratios of 3- to 4-hydroxyproline, of total hydroxyproline to proline, and of hydroxylysine to lysine characteristic of type IV procollagen. They were degraded by bacterial collagenase. The patterns of peptides obtained after digestion of the 185K and 170K chains of this type IV procollagen with pepsin and V8 protease were identical to those obtained after digestion of type IV procollagen chains purified from a murine tumor (EHS sarcoma). Finally. a purified antibody to type IV collagen specifically immunoprecipitated the collagenous protein produced by the glomerular epithelial cells. By contrast, the mesangial cells synthesized about 5% of collagenous protein. 90% of this collagen were secreted into the cultured medium, whereas about 10% remained associated to the cell layer. Type I, III and IV procollagens were synthesized by the mesangial cells. Fibronectin was found in the medium and cell layer of both epithelial and mesangial cells. Fibronectin molecules were identified by their resistance to bacterial collagenase, their susceptibility to pepsin digestion, and their specific adherence to collagen. It was composed of disulfide-linked peptides of 220K daltons. The data therefore demonstrate that: (a) the glomerular epithelial and mesangial cells synthesize fibronectin molecules and type IV procollagen in vitro; (b) the cultivated mesangial cells also synthesize type I and III collagens. The implications of these findings in certain pathological circumstances, such as diabetes mellitus, are now being investigated.
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PMID:Synthesis of collagen and fibronectin by glomerular cells in culture. 732 12

A 63-year-old man with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease presented with acute pulmonary edema and ascites. He died after a brief illness. Coincidence of duodenal epithelioid stromal sarcoma, pulmonary chondromatous hamartoma, and pancreatic islet cell tumor was found at autopsy. This rare concurrence of three uncommon neoplasms may be a pathogenetic variant or an analogue of Carney's triad in an elderly individual. Since all three tumors expressed markers for neural differentiation, the coincidence of tumors with these features may represent a form of neurocristopathy.
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PMID:The concurrence of duodenal epithelioid stromal sarcoma, pulmonary chondromatous hamartoma, and nonfunctioning pancreatic islet cell tumor. A possible analogue of Carney's triad? 806 Feb 38

One-hundred and eighty patients undergoing limb-salvage surgery for soft-tissue sarcoma from 1986 to 1991 were assessed retrospectively for risk factors associated with major wound-healing complications. Twenty-three of 137 patients (16 percent) treated with primary direct wound closure sustained complications. In univariate analysis, the cross-sectional area of tumor resection, the use of preoperative irradiation, the width of the skin excision, a history of smoking, and a history of diabetes and/or vascular disease were associated with wound failure. Multivariate analysis revealed that preoperative irradiation (p = 0.04) and resection diameter (p = 0.017) accounted for the risk of complications. Eighteen additional patients were treated empirically with distant vascularized tissue transfer following preoperative irradiation because of concerns regarding potential wound complications. The lower complication rate in this group suggested that vascularized tissue transfer may be beneficial in lowering wound complication rates.
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PMID:Wound-healing complications after soft-tissue sarcoma surgery. 813 91


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