Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the effect of omega-3 fatty acid (omega 3FA) treatment on plasma lipids and cardiomyopathy in the diabetic rat. The omega 3FA preparation used was Promega. Male Wistar rats (250-275 g) were rendered diabetic by streptozocin (STZ; 55 mg.kg-1). Nondiabetic control rats received the vehicle alone. Two weeks after STZ or vehicle injection, control and diabetic rats were randomly assigned to either a treated or untreated group. Promega was administered at a dose of 0.5 ml.kg-1.day-1 by oral gavage for 4 wk, after which the rats were decapitated, plasma collected, and isolated working heart performance studied. Promega treatment did not affect plasma glucose, triglyceride, or cholesterol concentrations of either the control or diabetic rats. Cardiac performance was assessed by measuring the left ventricular response to changing left atrial filling pressures (7.5-20 cm H2O). The treatment had no effect on peak left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) or maximal rate of change of left ventricular pressure during systole (+dP/dtmax) or diastole (-dP/dtmax) in the nondiabetic control rats. LVDP and +/- dP/dt were significantly improved (P less than .05) in the treated diabetic rats compared with untreated diabetic rats, although cardiac performance did not improve to the nondiabetic level. Cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium transport activity was not affected by the treatment in the control rats but was significantly improved (P less than .05) in the treated diabetic rats. These data suggest that omega 3FA treatment partially blocks the development of experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy, possibly by affecting SR calcium transport activity.
Diabetes 1989 Aug
PMID:Cardiac performance and plasma lipids of omega-3 fatty acid-treated streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. 252 64

We examined the prognostic significance of left ventricular hypertrophy determined by echocardiography in a cohort beginning renal replacement therapy. No patient had hemodynamically significant valvular disease or echocardiographic signs of obstructive cardiomyopathy. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, left ventricular hypertrophy was significantly associated with survival. The relative risk, based on comparison of upper and lower quintiles of left ventricular mass index, was 3.7 (95% confidence intervals, 1.6 to 8.3) for all-cause mortality and 3.7 (95% confidence intervals, 1.2 to 11.1) for cardiac mortality. The independent risk, adjusted for age, known coronary artery disease, diabetes, level of systolic blood pressure, and treatment (dialysis or transplantation), was 2.9 (95% confidence intervals, 1.3 to 6.9) for all-cause mortality and 2.7 (95% confidence intervals, 0.9 to 8.2) for cardiac mortality. Therefore, left ventricular hypertrophy appears to be an important, independent, determinant of survival in patients receiving therapy for end-stage renal failure.
 ...
PMID:Impact of left ventricular hypertrophy on survival in end-stage renal disease. 252 54

Experimental diabetes was induced in wistar rats by intraperitoneal streptozotocin in a single dose of 60-65 mg per kg body weight. The changes of myocardium enzyme histochemistry and ultrastructure were observed during the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 12th week of diabetic state. The glucose metabolism enzyme activities such as ICDH, SDH, MDH, LDH, all decreased. The results indicated that glucose oxidation and glycolysis reduced. In the ventricular myocardium of diabetic rats, varying degrees of ultrastructural change were apparent. Swelling of mitochondria was observed. Focal areas showed myofibrillar degeneration, and cardiac muscle muscle cells showed condensation of nuclear chromatin. Lipid droplets could be seen in the cytoplasm of cardiac myocytes. The ultrastructural changes in the cardiac muscle cells were not accompanied by any changes in the endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells of the small vessels or capillaries. This study provides a strong evidence for the occurrence of a primary myocardial disease in the model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The primary cardiomyopathy was not dependent on vascular pathological changes.
 ...
PMID:[Studies of enzyme histochemistry and ultrastructure of the myocardium in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes]. 252 54

This study carried out at a type "C" hospital, analyses the actual pathology of 1,052 patients attended to at the internal medicine department during a period of one year. The sex distribution did not show any differences. The median age (64 years) was significantly superior in women. The more frequent diseases were from group VII (cardiovascular: 512 cases) and group VIII (respiratory: 471 cases) according to the 9th edition of the who international diseases classification. The most frequent causes for admission were: respiratory infection (19.5%), cardiac insufficiency (13.8%) and CVA (10.6%). The most frequent baseline diseases were cardiomyopathy (20.4%), chronic obstructive airways syndrome (16%), malignant neoplasia (8.5%) and hepatopathy (7.6%). The risk factors and toxic habits observed were: Chronic bronchitis (19.6%), blood hypertension (15.5%), diabetes (13.5%) and high alcohol intake (10%).
 ...
PMID:[A morbidity study in a general internal medicine service in a third-level hospital]. 195 89

Cardiomyopathy is a complication of human diabetes mellitus. The relationship of cardiac function to the beta-adrenergic receptor and catecholamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was investigated in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat. beta-Adrenergic receptor number in cardiac membranes from diabetic rats was reduced. After 2 weeks of diabetes, the response of adenylate cyclase to isoproterenol stimulation was not altered. Cardiac contractile function assessed by the maximum rate of rise of left ventricular pressure (LV dP/dtmax) in an open-chest anesthetized rat was also unchanged from control at 2 weeks. However, after 4 weeks of diabetes, the sensitivity of adenylate cyclase to isoproterenol stimulation was depressed and abnormalities in cardiac contractility were noted, including a depressed response of LV dP/dtmax to graded isoproterenol infusion. These studies suggest that alterations in beta-adrenergic receptors and their coupling to adenylate cyclase may be important in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
 ...
PMID:beta-Adrenergic receptors, adenylate cyclase activity, and cardiac dysfunction in the diabetic rat. 258 Jan 53

The authors report a clinical review of 16 childhood cases with early-onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes. The preservation of tendon reflexes distinguishes this disorder from Friedreich's ataxia. The mean age of onset of symptoms was 7.1 years. The main presenting symptom was abnormal gait (100%). Ataxia of gait and limbs and normal or increased tendon reflexes were found in all cases. This disorder is associated with dysarthria, pyramidal signs in the limbs, and in some instances, sensory loss. Other important differences from Friedreich's ataxia are absence of optic atrophy, diabetes mellitus, cardiomyopathy and severe skeletal deformity. Sensory nerve conduction was found to be normal, excluding one case. This finding constitutes another aspect of the syndrome different from Freidreich's ataxia. CT scans were normal in 2 of the 4 cases. The remaining two cases showed cerebellar atrophy. Inheritance is probably autosomal recessive in the majority of cases.
 ...
PMID:Early-onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes. 261 87

From 1982 to 1986, 1230 sudden death cases were autopsied in Osaka Medical Examiner's Office. Among them, 810 cases were sudden cardiac deaths (SCD) including coronary heart disease (77%), cardiomyopathy (7%), valvular disease (3%). All SCD cases were dead within 24 hours of the appearance of the fatal symptoms, and most of them (72%) were considered instantaneous death. Many of the fatal symptoms began in bed (31%), at bath (17%), at toilet (8%), or at work (8%). Thirty-four percent of them were thought by themselves or by their families to be healthy before the death. Hypertension (38%), coronary heart disease (13%) and diabetes mellitus (11%) were the major past history recorded. Microscopic observation of the hearts of 200 cases autopsied in 1986 showed various cardiac lesions: hypertrophy, atrophy, degenerations of myocytes, cellular and fatty infiltrations of the interstitium. According to their cardiac lesions and degrees of severity of coronary sclerosis, patients who died suddenly were divided into 8 groups as follows: 1. myocardial infarction (41) 2. myocarditis (6) 3. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (19) 4. chronic ischemia with severe coronary sclerosis (65) 5. chronic ischemia with moderate coronary sclerosis (27) 6. small vessel disease (18) 7. amyloidosis (1) 8. unknown (23). These results suggest that coronary heart disease and hypertension play an important role in SCD.
 ...
PMID:An epidemiologic and histopathological study of sudden cardiac death in Osaka Medical Examiner's Office. 263 29

A number of experimental and clinical studies have indicated that the process of aging and diabetes mellitus may result in alterations of cardiac function and composition. These appear to be independent of myocardial ischemia. Left ventricular diastolic compliance is diminished in both situations associated with interstitial collagen accumulation. There is also a reduction in the relaxation rate of the ventricle. In the subclinical state, the aged heart cell undergoes enlargement, but this has not been described in diabetes. In an unknown portion of patients with subclinical abnormalities, the process may advance to abnormalities of systolic function, heart failure, and arrhythmias. There is no convincing evidence that intramural small vessel disease can account for the diffuse cardiomyopathy of these two states. Management requires a particularly cautious use of cardioactive agents.
 ...
PMID:Cardiac disease in the older diabetic: management considerations. 265 Dec 18

The heart is a major target organ for insulin and thyroid hormone action, and marked changes in cardiac function occur in patients with hyper- or hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus. Cardiac contractility is increased in the hyperthyroid state and decreased in hypothyroidism, and changes in specific proteins mediating cardiac contraction accompany these alterations. Changes in thyroid status mediate their influence on cardiac function by a combination of direct thyroid hormone effects on the heart, alterations in the responsiveness of the cardiac sympathoadrenal system, and hemodynamic effects generated in the periphery. Cardiovascular complications of diabetes mellitus are a major contributor to mortality and morbidity in the diabetic population. In addition to cardiac small and large vessel disease, an autonomic neuropathy and a cardiomyopathy occur in diabetic patients. The cardiomyopathy results in congestive failure and is independent of large vessel disease. Studies in diabetic animal models point to a metabolic basis for the cardiomyopathy, which is accompanied by changes in specific contractile proteins.
 ...
PMID:Diabetes and thyroid-hormone-induced changes in cardiac function and their molecular basis. 265 57

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an excessive cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although one frequently associates cardiac dysfunction with enhanced coronary atherosclerosis in diabetic patients, evidence has accumulated for the existence of a specific "diabetic" cardiomyopathy. Abundant literature evidence supports the concept of myocardial dysfunction separate from epicardial coronary disease in diabetic individuals. The relationship of myocardial dysfunction to the type, duration, and treatment of diabetes awaits further delineation. The relative pathogenic significance of the multiple factors that may alter myocardial performance in diabetic patients similarly awaits further elucidation.
 ...
PMID:Diabetic cardiomyopathy. 268 98


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>