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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The blood plasma of rats with stable alloxan diabetes, injected three times in appropriate intravenous doses to intact rats, provoked in the rats-recipients hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia, persisted within 14 days. Under the same conditions the blood plasma of patients with diabetes mellitus induced hyperglycemia in the rats-recipients without hyperuricemia development during the same time period. A preliminary intravenous injection of heparin in a dose of 100 E (5 minutes before injecting the plasma of rats with alloxan diabetes or the plasma of patients with diabetes mellitus) completely prevented hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia development in the recipients. Intravenous injections of the blood plasma of healthy animals and humans did not provoke hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia arising in the rats-recipients. It is concluded, that in the blood plasma of animals with alloxan diabetes and in patients with diabetes mellitus the diabetogenic factor is present, being deactivated under heparin effect.
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PMID:[Diabetogenic factor in the blood plasma in diabetes mellitus]. 714 85

The authors refer on 24 patients over 65 years of age suffering from obliterating arteriopathy of the lower limbs undergoing reconstructive surgery no matter the high surgical risk. These patients represent 12.3% of all vascular patients treated in five years of activity. The following risk factors are considered: 1) Heart disease; 2) Altered lipid metabolism; 3) Diabetes; 4) Arterial hypertension; 5) Hyperuricaemia; 6) Obesity; 7) Renal or hepatic insufficiency. Immediate results were excellent in 23 cases; one patient suffering from aortic barrage died of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis. Follow-up results also remained good; only one patient had to be re-operated two years later (disobliteration of branch of prosthesis) with a happy outcome. Two other patients died because of non vascular causes. The authors do not consider age amongst risk factors and prefer the extraperitoneal approach in disobliterating operations and refer using the transperitoneal route without problems in aortobifemoral bypasses. The authors state that risk factors did not alter neither the short nor the long-term follow-up results possibly because of medical correction of associated pathological states.
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PMID:[Reconstructive surgery in high-risk arteriopathic patients]. 721 68

Victims of atherothrombotic infarction of the brain, the most common variety of stroke, frequently have recurrent strokes. Risk factors believed to accelerate such events include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerotic disease (of heart, aortocervical and intracranial vessels), erythrocythemia, stress, tobacco smoking, hyperuricemia, and perhaps obesity. Most prior studies indicate average anticipated 5 year mortality of 35 to 65 percent and stroke recurrence rate of 20 to 40 percent. A consistent effort to control risk factors in 88 survivors of a first cerebral infarction yielded 17 percent mortality and 16 percent stroke recurrence rates during the 5 years following first stroke. This sustained and systematic approach to risk factor management seemed beneficial to these stroke victims.
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PMID:Prevention of recurrent stroke. 730 62

When compared to values obtained in 40 normalweight normolipemic healthy control subjects, serum uric acid levels were found to be significantly increased in 68 subjects with type II-b and especially in 68 subjects with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. A much lesser increase of uricemia occurred in 22 patients with type II-a. A significant positive correlation between uricemia and serum triglyceride level could be demonstrated but no such correlation was found with serum cholesterol. Overweight and hypertensive hyperlipemic subjects were presenting higher levels of serum uric acid than normalweight normotensive ones. On the other hand, clinical atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus had no additive effects upon uricemia in hyperlipoproteinemic patients. It is suggested that hyperinsulinism and accelerated turnover of lipoproteins, often encountered in obese and hypertriglyceridemic subjects, might lead to an enhanced synthesis of purines and subsequently increased production of uric acid.
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PMID:Behaviour of uricemia in hyperlipoproteinemic subjects. 745 83

We studied the frequency of heart disease and association with other coronary risk factors in 243 consecutive patients (124 male and 119 female) suffering from arterial hypertension (Group HT). The mean age was 67.5 +/- 9.6 years. This group was compared to a group of 357 subjects (217 male and 140 female) without arterial hypertension (Group noHT) and mean age of 63.5 +/- 13 years. In our group the patients with arterial hypertension presented smoking habits in 35%, hypercholesterolemia in 22%, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 18%, alcoholic habits in 15%, hypertriglyceridemia in 12%, diabetes in 9% and hyperuricemia in 7%. 15% of the patients suffering from arterial hypertension turned out with coronary heart disease (62% angina and 38% myocardial infarction), 19% with atrial fibrillation and 13% with heart failure. Compared to the patients without hypertension we found significant statistical correlation with the age (67.5 +/- 9.6 HT and 63.5 +/- 13 no HT, p < 0.001), the LVH (18% HT and 4% no HT, p < 0.001) and number of coronary risk factors (2 +/- 1 HT and 1.1 +/- 0.9, p < 0.001). The percentage of people without cardiac disease is lower among the group with arterial hypertension (53% HT and 71% noHT, p < 0.001), showing as well a higher incidence of atrial fibrillation (19% HT and 11% noHT, p < 0.05) and heart failure (13% HT and 7% noHT, p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Study of associated risk factors and prevalence of heart diseases in patients with arterial hypertension]. 754 43

Relationships were investigated among serum uric acid (UA), the insulin response to a standard oral glucose load (75 g), and serum lipoprotein levels in 197 individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). All subjects had normal liver and renal function. None had a prior history of diabetes mellitus or gout. The mean age of subjects was 50 +/- 1 years, duration of injury (DOI), 18 +/- 1 years, and body mass index (BMI), 25 +/- 0.4 kg/m2. No significant differences were found between those with paraplegia or quadriplegia for any of the parameters measured. The mean serum UA values were not significantly different among the subgroups of subjects with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, or diabetes mellitus (5.6 +/- 0.2 mg/dl, 5.6 +/- 0.2 and 5.7 +/- 0.3, respectively). Approximately one-half of the subjects had an abnormality in oral glucose tolerance. The levels of serum UA (p < 0.001) and serum triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.01) in the subgroup with hyperinsulinemia were significantly higher than in the subgroup with normal insulin levels. By linear regression analyses, the serum UA concentration was positively correlated with peak plasma insulin level (r = 0.31, p < 0.001), and BMI (r = 0.20, p < 0.01), but not with age, DOI, or peak glucose. The data suggest that in subjects with chronic SCI, as in the healthy able-bodied population, hyperuricemia is associated with hyperinsulinemia, obesity and abnormal lipoprotein metabolism.
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PMID:The relationships among serum uric acid, plasma insulin, and serum lipoprotein levels in subjects with spinal cord injury. 755 40

During long-term therapy of hyperuricaemia with allopurinol (300 mg/d) two patients developed generalized granuloma annulare. The diagnoses were confirmed by histology; concomitant diseases, especially diabetes mellitus, were not detectable. Following discontinuation of allopurinol therapy, cutaneous granulomas healed without relapse. Hyperuricaemia could be controlled by low-purine diet and medication avoiding allopurinol. The clinical history of our two patients suggested a causal connection between allopurinol therapy and generalized granuloma annulare. For this reason we rate the development of this disease in both cases as a rare but significant side effect of allopurinol. This should give rise to critical assessment of concomitant drug therapy during development of generalized granuloma annulare.
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PMID:[Granuloma anulare disseminatum as a rare side effect of allopurinol]. 886 61

The ability of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake varies widely from person to person, and these differences, as well as how the individual attempts to compensate for them, are of fundamental importance in the development and clinical course of what are often designated as diseases of Western civilization. Evidence is presented that non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) results from a failure on the part of pancreatic beta-cells to compensate adequately for the defect in insulin action in insulin-resistant individuals. In addition, a coherent formulation of the physiological changes that lead from the defect in cellular insulin action to the loss in glucose homeostasis is presented. However, the ability to maintain the degree of compensatory hyperinsulinemia necessary to prevent loss of glucose tolerance in insulin-resistant individuals does not represent an unqualified homeostatic victory. In contrast, evidence is presented supporting the view that the combination of insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia predisposes to the development of a cluster of abnormalities, including some degree of glucose intolerance, an increase in plasma triglyceride and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, high blood pressure, hyperuricemia, smaller denser low-density lipoprotein particles, and higher circulating levels of plaminogen activator inhibitor 1. The cluster of changes associated with insulin resistance has been said to comprise syndrome X, and all of the manifestations of syndrome X have been shown to increase risk of coronary heart disease. Thus it is concluded that insulin resistance and its associated abnormalities are of utmost importance in the pathogenesis of NIDDM, hypertension, and coronary heart disease.
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PMID:Pathophysiology of insulin resistance in human disease. 762 91

Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease, which imparts a threefold increased risk over that of normotensive persons the same age. It accelerates atherogenesis-promoting premature coronary disease, now its most common sequela. The effect of elevated blood pressure on cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality in general and on coronary disease incidence in particular is independent of the influence of other predisposing atherogenic cofactors but is greatly affected by them. Elevated blood pressure is more often than usual associated with hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, excessive weight, elevated fibrinogen, and electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, which enhance its impact. Hypertensive coronary candidates usually have an increased low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein (LDL/HDL) cholesterol ratio, impaired glucose tolerance. ECG abnormalities, or a cigarette smoking habit. These coexisting risk factors exert a greater influence than the character of the blood pressure elevation. Those at risk for hypertensive stroke have left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), atrial fibrillation, cardiac failure, coronary disease, diabetes, or a cigarette habit. Cardiovascular risk ratios for hypertension diminish with advancing age, but this is offset by a higher absolute risk, making hypertension an important precursor of cardiovascular disease in the elderly.
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PMID:Hypertension as a risk factor for cardiac events--epidemiologic results of long-term studies. 769 48

Two patients with chronic disease (diabetes mellitus type I, hyperuricemia and alcohol abuse, respectively) were hospitalized with persistent diarrhea and severe abdominal cramps. Using routine methods, the only pathogen isolated in stool specimens was Arcobacter butzleri. In both cases acute symptoms subsided quickly after antibiotic therapy. After termination of antibiotic treatment, Arcobacter butzleri could no longer be detected in stool specimens. Although very little is known about the clinical significance of Arcobacter butzleri infections in humans, it is highly likely that in both cases Arcobacter butzleri played a major causative role in acute disease.
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PMID:Severe diarrhea associated with Arcobacter butzleri. 781 98


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