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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Out of 512 recipients of kidney allotransplants 36 patients exhibiting cardiovascular complications (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular accident, aneurysm of aorta, peripheral arterial occlusions) were compared with an age and sex matched group of recipients without cardiovascular problems. The following significant differences were observed in the study group versus the controls: high systolic and diastolic blood pressure, longer duration of hypertension before renal allografting, higher serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid, and an increased incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy and preexisting cardiovascular disease. No differences were found between the two groups as regards smoking habits, overweight, hyperparathyroidism, duration of hemodialysis treatment and type of kidney disease. Diabetes mellitus, family history of cardiovascular complications and hypertonic alterations of the eye fundus were more frequent, but not to a statistically significant extent, in the study group as compared to control patients. These findings show the need for regulation of blood pressure, hyperlipemia and hyperuricemia to ensure successful longterm rehabilitation after kidney allografting.
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PMID:[Cardiovascular diseases after kidney transplantation: an analysis of predisposing factors]. 645 62

Among a normal population, 21.5% of men have a blood level of uric acid above 6.8 mg%. Half of these subjects also present concomitant elevation of at least one other biological parameter. Clinically they differ from normo-uricemic subjects by weight, level of blood pressure and a trend to diabetes. From the recent literature it appears that hyperuricemia by itself does not constitute a risk factor as far as renal and vascular diseases are concerned. However, prevalence of gouty arthritis and urinary stones correlates with the blood uric acid level. Therefore, treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricemia must be avoided, and side effects of the drugs weighed. Acceptable indications for treatment are frequent attacks of urolithiasis or arthritis poorly tolerated by the patients.
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PMID:[How to treat hyperuricemia?]. 648 56

Because of recent heightened epidemiologic interest in persons with very low cholesterol levels, we compared men and women at the lowest and middle deciles of plasma cholesterol in a large population study for multiple sociologic, biologic, and medical attributes. Two sex-specific age groups were studied, 30-54 years and 55-79 years. In general, comparisons between deciles for each of these four age-sex groups revealed only minor differences for demographic variables; systolic or diastolic blood pressure; fasting plasma glucose; weight; height; obesity; cigarette smoking; dietary eggs or milk; medications for hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, or hyperlipidemia; family history of myocardial infarction, diabetes, or stroke; and personal history of myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, hypertension, or stroke. Thus, the lowest and the middle deciles of plasma cholesterol in this population shared similar sociologic, biologic, and medical profiles. One unexpected finding was somewhat more diabetics in the lowest decile , and greater obesity and triglyceride levels in the lowest decile diabetics compared to either lowest decile non-diabetics or middle decile diabetics, perhaps suggesting a metabolically distinct subset.
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PMID:Characteristics of persons with marked hypocholesterolemia. A population-based study. 671 3

After nearly 10 years in clinical use, prazosin has been shown in numerous studies worldwide to be an effective antihypertensive agent over the entire range of hypertension (mild, moderate, and severe), when used alone or in multitherapy. In addition to its general effectiveness, prazosin is particularly useful in specific subpopulations of hypertensive patients, such as those with impaired renal function, those on hemodialysis, and those with concomitant heart block, bronchospasm, diabetes mellitus, or disturbed carbohydrate metabolism, hyperlipidemia, or hyperuricemia. The side effects of prazosin are usually mild and transient and seldom require discontinuation of the drug. Sexual dysfunction is uncommon. In clinical experience with 22,000 patients receiving an initial dose of 1 mg of prazosin, syncope was reported in 1 of every 667 patients (0.15%). Withholding diuretics for 1 day before initiating prazosin therapy, utilizing prazosin as first-line therapy, limiting the initial dose to 1 mg, and taking it at bedtime are all helpful in eliminating many of the initial adverse effects. Fluid retention, although rare and not as pronounced as that with other antihypertensive agents, may develop on long-term therapy and may necessitate the addition of a diuretic later on.
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PMID:Effectiveness of prazosin as initial antihypertensive therapy. 682 27

Examination of all patients who had been admitted with myocardial infarction or with acute cerebral attacks to a medical department within one year reveals differentiation by age and by sex of these events. Age and sex differentiate the patients also with regard to course and mortality of the disease. Retrospective evaluation reveals specific patterns of risk factors for specific atherosclerotic complications. There is a prevalence of smoking in myocardial infarction of men while metabolic parameters predominate atherosclerotic complications in women. Diabetes and low HDL-cholesterol correlate with the incidence of mortality of myocardial infarction in men and women. Mortality in cerebral hemorrhage of men is associated with hypertension and hyperuricemia and the same atherosclerotic complication in women correlates with hypertension and diabetes. The pattern of risk factors in cerebral malacia with a lethal course differs from that in lethal cerebral hemorrhage. In men it is dominated by smoking and by hyperuricemia and in women by hypertension and by hyperuricemia. Finally, it is not the single risk factor that predisposes for atherosclerotic complications and for the mortality incidence of these diseases but it rather seems that the total of several risk factors results in severe atherosclerosis. In this pattern of risk factors single parameters seem to be exchangeable by others.
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PMID:[Risk factors and atherosclerotic complications in Vienna: myocardial infarct and stroke]. 686 41

A practically complete destruction of both femoral heads including the femoral necks and acetabula was encountered in a 69-year-old patient with diabetes, which varied in intensity. This destruction, documented by radiographs which had been taken 8 years prior, had started as the typical picture of "idiopathic femoral head necrosis". In addition to diabetes, hyperuricemia and hyperlipoproteinemia were present at the time when the femoral head necrosis was first evidenced. One episode of gout was recorded. In recent years, following therapy, the hyperurecemia and hyperlipoproteinemia had normalized. The question is raised, as to whether or not the present radiological findings represent a complication of aseptic femoral head necrosis, combined with a diabetic arthropathy of the hip joints. Details of the angiographic findings and a spondylopathy, which have all the characteristics of a neuropathic spondylopathy, would favor this hypothesis. When associated with a diabetic condition, generalized osteoporosis and hypertrophic spondylosis of such a particular nature require special mention.
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PMID:Complete destruction of both femoral heads following idiopathic necrosis of the femoral heads in a diabetic patient with hyperuricemia and hyperlipoproteinemia. 699 Aug 94

Hyperglycemia, induced by the disorder of Langerhans' islet structure and function, and hyperuricemia caused by purine metabolism pathological changes, appeared in the animals with experimental diabetes provoked by a single alloxan injection. As a result, endogenous alloxan-like factor, forming chronic diabetogenic background in the organism, arises and persists in the blood of the animals tested. Under these conditions, heparin exerts preventive and therapeutic effects due to alloxan or endogenous alloxan-like factor binding into complexes devoid of toxic activity.
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PMID:[Experimental analysis of the pathophysiological significance of the "diabetogenic factor" present in the blood of animals with alloxan diabetes]. 702 48

210 HbA1 percentage tests were determined in 52 ambulatory insulinodependent patients. There was a close correlation between HbA1 and blood-glucose of the previous two months: mean post-prandial, mean daily and, less strongly, mean fasting blood-glucose. The level of glycosylated haemoglobins correlated significantly with blood-glucose of the same time and highly with mean 24 hour glycosuria 0/00 of previous two months. There was also a slight inverse correlation between HbA1 and uricemia. No correlation resulted with total lipemia, serum triglyceride levels, serum total cholesterol levels and HDL cholesterol concentrations. The increased proportions of HbA1 did not not appear to be related to the age of the patients or to the duration of diabetes or to complications. HbA1 measurement is a simple and objective test of metabolic control in diabetic subjects.
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PMID:[Correlations between hemoglobin A1 and other metabolic and clinical parameters in insulin-dependent diabetics followed in ambulatory care]. 711 Jun 4

Accepted causes (acute insults) and risk factors for the development of acute renal failure were defined, quantitatively assessed, and tested for statistical significance in 143 patients with acute tubular necrosis. Sixty-two percent of patients had more than one acute insult, and 48 percent had more than one suspected risk factor. Hypotension, excessive aminoglycoside exposure, pigmenturia, and dehydration were identified as highly significant acute insults, while it was concluded that sepsis and administration of radiocontrast material could not be incriminated as causes of acute tubular necrosis. An additive interaction between acute insults was demonstrated, and the severity of acute renal failure was related to the number and severity of acute insults. Patients with oliguric renal failure had more severe acute insults than patients with nonoliguric renal failure. Preexisting renal disease and chronic hypertension were significant risk factors, the latter only when hypotension had been one of the acute insults. An age of more than 59 years, gout and/or chronic hyperuricemia, diabetes, and long-term diuretic administration were not found to be significant risk factors.
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PMID:Acute renal failure. Multivariate analysis of causes and risk factors. 711 78

The investigation of each 131 long term diabetics of 60 years and older (average: 71 years) with a mean diabetes duration of 19.7 years with respect to the presence of 5 classical risk factors of the "metabolic syndrome" yielded a significant more seldom appearance of hypertension and overweight (p less than 0.01) in comparison to newly detected old age diabetics (group comparison done with the principle of biostatical gemini forming), while the frequencies of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperuricemia didn't differ in the two groups. Though the cardio-vascular risk profile of the long term diabetics (mean value: 2.28 risk factors per patient) shows more favourable with this (selection by overmortality of diabetics with several risk factors already with shorter disease duration?) than with newly detected diabetic patients (mean value: 2.85 risk factors per patient) is demanded on account of the negative influence of the cardiovascular risk factors on the development of macroangiopathy to mind these pathogenic magnitudes of influence also with longer duration of the diabetes stronger than before now in higher ages too.
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PMID:[Diabetes mellitus in advanced old age. 3. Cardiovascular risk patterns in long-term diabetics who have grown old compared to newly detected cases of late-onset diabetics]. 713 19


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