Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The distribution of 20 HLA antigens in 382 diabetic and 184 control subjects of white, Mexican-American, and black ancestry was studied. In all three populations, the incidence of antigens BB and BW15 was higher in the insulin-dependent diabetics than in the controls. The differences fell short of statistical significance when corrections were made for the number of antigens studied. When the results of previous studies were combined with our own, there was a highly significant association of insulin-dependent diabetes and the antigens BB and BW15 in the white population. It seems highly likely that this association would also hold true for the Mexican-American and the black diabetics if a sufficient number of patients were studied.
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PMID:Leukocyte antigens and disease: III. Association of HLA-B8 and HLA-BW 15 with insulin-dependent diabetes in three different population groups. 85 Apr 80

Seventy-eight Japanese diabetics were HLA-typed, with special reference to age at onset, insulin dependency, and family history. HLA-A9, B5, and BW40 were increased, but A1, A3, and B8, which are found frequently among Caucasians, were almost absent among Japanese healthy controls as well as diabetics. J-1, a Japanese specific subclass of BW22, was significantly increased in juvenile-onset diabetics as compared with controls or diabetics with late onset. J-1 was also increased in the diabetics with insulin dependency and/or positive family history. But the association of J-1 with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus was found to be the strongest. A tendency to a decrease in B5 was also observed in Japanese diabetics with juvenile onset, but this did not reach statistical significance as far as corrected P was concerned. These results showed that genetic markers for diabetes mellitus, especially that with juvenile onset, were different among Japanese from those found among Caucasians. There is ample evidence to indicate a race specificity in HLA phenotypes in diabetics as well as in controls. These findings also strongly suggest that juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus is a disease entity in itself and different from late-onset diabetes mellitus in origin and pathogenesis.
Diabetes 1977 Jun
PMID:HLA system in Japnaese patients with diabetes mellitus. 86 28

The importance of genetically determined antigens of the HLA system in etiology and pathogenesis of juvenile onset diabetes (JOD) was studied in 93 JOD-patients and 68 blood relations. A close association was found between JOD and B-locus antigens B8 and Bw15, and C-locus antigen Cw3. Patients positive for one of these antigens have a 2-3 times -- and those positive for both B8 and Bw15 -- a 8.6 times greater chance of developing JOD, Evidence for a genetic heterogeneity between childhood type and later onset JOD could be obtained. B8 seems to play a particularly important role in childhood-type diabetes, whereas in the later onset JOD the antigens Cw3 and/or Bw15 might possibly represent an additional predisposing factor. Family studies have revealed a close correlation between glucose intolerance and those genes associated with JOD in blood relations below age 35. HLA-B7 which could be detected in that group of blood relations, and which was found statistically decreased in JODs might even exert some protective role. Incidence of haplotye identity in glucose intolerant siblings was almost three times higher than expected. These data provide evidence for the existence of a genetic basis which determines the susceptibility to develop JOD.
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PMID:The importance of HLA genes to susceptibility in the development of juvenile diabetes mellitus. A study of 93 patients and 68 first degree blood relations. 87 Mar 54

We determined the prevalence of 24 antigens controlled by the HLA-A and B loci in twenty patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus (JDM), in twenty patients with coeliac disease (CD), and in eight patients with both of these diseases. The prevalence of HLA-B8 was increased in JDM chi2 = 12.52, p = 0.00040) and in CD (chi2 = 26.47, p less than 0.000001) as compared to 900 controls. There was only a modest increase of Bw15 in JDM (chi2 = 8.86, p = 0.0029) and in patients with both diseases (chi2 = 2.72). The observed prevalence of phenotype HLA-B8, Bw15 was enhanced in JDM (chi2 = 16.03, p = 0;000063) and in patients with both JDM and CD (chi2 = 24.48, p = 0.00000074) as compared with controls. In the latter group the observed value was 2.2 fold to that expected. In family studies the children having both B8 and Bw15 were more disposed to develop diabetes than siblings with only one of these antigens. In conclusion, the inherited susceptibility to develop juvenile diabetes is markedly associated with HLA-B8 and slightly with HLA-Bw15, and that of coeliac disease with HLA-B8 in Finnish paediatric patients. The presence of both B8 and Bw15 simultaneously increases the susceptibility to have both JDM and CD.
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PMID:HLA antigens in patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus, coeliac disease and both of the diseases. 87 Mar 55

Lymphocytes of 84 Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus and 150 normal controls were tested for HLA antigens by the microcytotoxicity test. HLA-B12 was found in 37.5 per cent of 32 patients with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus, 13.5 per cent of 52 patients with late-onset diabetes, and 9.3 per cent of 150 normal controls. In the insulin-dependent juvenile form, HLA-B12 was associated with the disease more frequently and at a significant level (p less than 0.0005). In Japanese patients with juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus the association is with HLA-B12, not with HLA-B8 and BW15, as in Caucasian patients. There was no significant increase of HLA-B12 in patients with insulin-indpendent diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes 1977 Aug
PMID:HLA antigens in Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus. 88 96

The role of genetic factors in humoral anti-insulin-response was studied in 87 patients with juvenile onset diabetes. A significant insulin antibody formation was found in 76 (87%) juvenile diabetics. By dividing these patients in four groups according to different heights of insulin antibody levels (non-, low-, moderate- and high-responders) a positive or negative correlation between humoral anti-insulin response and certain HLA antigens could be found. Non-responders showed a close association with HLA-B7 positivity, whereas in the insulin high-responder patients, a considerable decrease of HLA-B8 and increase of HLA-Bw15 and HLA-Cw3 was found. These findings indicate that certain genetic constellations within the HLA complex might have an important part in determining humoral anti-insulin immunity.
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PMID:Evidence for genetic control of anti-insulin immunity in juvenile onset diabetes mellitus. 89 28

There is a significant positive association between insulin dependent diabetes, irrespective of age of onset, and the HLA system, whereas there is no association of HLA antigens with non-insulin dependent diabetes. There is a significant concordance value for HLA antigen frequencies in insulin dependent diabetics from three different centres, indicating that the genes (s) conferring susceptibility to this type of diabetes is possibly present in all "juvenile-onset" diabetics and is in linkage disequilibrium with all the B locus alleles.
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PMID:The HLA system and diabetes mellitus. 89 29

Of 160 patients with onset of diabetes at or after 30 years of age, the 84 with no evidence prevalences of HLA-A1 and B8 when compared with the 76 with retinal complications or with the 282 healthy blood donors. In addition, in 90 patients with onset of diabetes before age 30 years, we could confirm the reported significant increase of HLA-B8 and decrease of B7, but no differences were noted between those juvenile-onset diabetics with and those without retinopathy.
Diabetes 1977 Oct
PMID:Histocompatibility antigens and diabetic retinopathy. 90 66

We have histocompatibility (HLA) genotyped 24 families with two or more juvenile, insulin-dependent, ketosis-prone diabetic siblings. This criterion for family selection was used to obtain a homogeneous form of diabetes within a sibship, because diabetes appears to be a genetically heterogeneous disease. 58 diabetic and 53 nondiabetic sibs and 40 parents were studied. 55% of the diabetic pairs were concordant for both HLA haplotypes (expected 25%), 40% were concordant for one haplotype (expected 50%), and 5% were discordant for both haplotypes (expected 25%). These values are significantly different from the expected values (P < 0.001). On the other hand, the inheritance of haplotypes among the nondiabetic sibs in these families was not significantly different from the expected mendelian segregation. When comparing 20 pairs of HLA identical (sharing two haplotypes) with 15 pairs of haploidential (sharing one haplotype) diabetic sibs for the intrapair difference in age of onset of disease, we found that the HLA identical sibs were significantly more concordant for age of onset (3.9 yr difference) than the haploidential (7.3 yr difference) (P < 0.05). The same type of analysis for the difference in seasonal incidence in months revealed that the HLA indentical sibs were more concordant (1.8 mo difference) than the haploidentical sibs (3.2 mo difference) (P < 0.025). Furthermore, the HLA identical diabetic sibs were more likely to develop diabetes in the winter months (78%) than the haploidentical diabetic sibs (21%). No particular HLA haplotype or antigen seemed to be associated with any particular clinical feature. These data are compatible with the theory of genetic heterogeneity of juvenile, insulin-dependent diabetes. It is suggested that there are one or more diabetes response genes in the HLA region playing an important role in the pathogenesis of juvenile, insulin-dependent diabetes in the families studied here. It is, however, possible that other genes, not associated with the HLA complex, may play an etiologic role in some cases of juvenile, insulin-dependent diabetes, resulting in lack of association between HLA and some forms of diabetes.
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PMID:The histocompatibility system in juvenile, insulin-dependent diabetic multiplex kindreds. 90 63

We investigated the genetic predisposition to juvenile diabetes in the families of 31 index cases in relation to the inheritance of the HLA system. The diabetes-predisposing gene was found to be recessive because the diabetic sibs in index cases shared both their HLA genes with a significantly increased frequency. Penetrance was estimated at 50 per cent because half the HLA-identical sibs in index cases were diabetic. These conclusions fit with published observations that the risk to sibs of patients is about 100 per cent, when both parents are normal. In three informative cases of recombination within HLA the predisposing gene traveled with the HLA D segment of the recombinant haplotype. We prepared tables for the computation of risks to relatives, based on the hypothesis of recessivity, HLA linkage and 50 per cent penetrance.
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PMID:Genetics of juvenile diabetes mellitus. A recessive gene closely linked to HLA D and with 50 per cent penetrance. 90 49


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