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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

"Mason-type" diabetics (mild diabetes which is dominantly inherited) are relatively free of retinopathy. Alcohol almost invariably causes facial flushing in these patients when they are given chlorpropamide (chlorpropamide alcohol flush, C.P.A.F.). 291 non-insulin-dependent diabetics were examined to see whether there was a difference in frequency of retinopathy between C.P.A.F. positive and negative cases who were of comparable age and duration of diabetes. Retinopathy was commoner and often severe in CPAF negative patients. Blindness from retinopathy was almost confined to C.P.A.F.-negative cases. Lens opacities, on the other hand, were equally common in both groups. Since C.P.A.F. is an inherited trait, retinopathy in non-insulin-dependent diabetics is to a considerable extent, although not entirely, determined by genetic factors.
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PMID:Chlorpropamide alcohol flushing and diabetic retinopathy. 8 72

Diabetic retinopathy is now a treatable condition, in which blindness can be prevented in a large number of patients. To achieve this, physicians have to screen patients for retinopathy and control diabetes adequately. Ophthalmologists should acquire the expertise of photocoagulation and instruct others in the assessment of retinopathy. Regional centres (one or more per Region) should be set up around interested individuals. These centres' main function is to give prompt treatment facilities to patients and to educate ophthalmologists and physicians in the management of retinopathy. They should also be the centres of advances in treatment. If physicians and ophthalmologists work together, blindness may indeed be prevented in diabetic patients.
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PMID:The solution of the problem. 28 61

At the instigation of one of the authors (J.M.)--a young man whose blindness is due to diabetic retinopathy--a urine-glucose analyzer was designed and constructed. Its purpose and function enable him to test his urine himself (free of dependence on thers for this service) and, thereby, he can then determine and administer his doses of insulin. He and other young blind diabetics may value the degree of freedom from dependence on others than the analyzer provides and feel it helps them to be able to work and care for themselves. A description of the instrument instructions for its use, and a summary of about 20 months' experience with it are submitted.
Diabetes 1977 Mar
PMID:An audio urine-glucose analyzer for blind diabetics. 40 99

To our knowledge, the juvenile form of spongy degeneration of the CNS (SD-CNS); van Bogaert-Bertrand disease) has been described previously only three times. We report the case of 21 1/4-year-old Japanese woman who was first seen at the age of 11 with growth retardation, ptosis, and ophthalmoplegia. Her progressive neurodegenerative disease included retinitis pigmentosa, blindness, partial deafness, cerebellar dysfunction, hyporeflexia, and muscle wasting. Simultaneous endocrine defects were diabetes mellitus and probable hyperaldosteronism. Heart block developed later. She died of bronchopneumonia. Autopsy showed CNS stigmas typical of spongy degeneration. Additional findings included peripheral nerve demyelination, neurogenic muscle atrophy, pituitary and pancreatic atrophy, right adrenal agenesis, and a left adrenal coritcal lipid-cell adenoma. To our knowledge, our patient was the oldest survivor, the first patient of Japanese ancestry, and had a unique concurrence of certain oculoendocrine defects.
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PMID:Spongy degeneration of the CNS: an instance of the rare juvenile form. 50 59

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is uncommon in patients younger than the age of 20 and has been rarely reported. Since 1969, 14 adolescents with severe PDR have been seen, the youngest of whom was 16 years old and the oldest, 19 years old. The shortest duration of diabetes mellitus prior to diagnosis of PDR was eight years. Ten patients had a positive family history of diabetes. Thirteen patients had suboptimal metabolic control. Ten patients had some degree of azotemia, seven were hypertensive, and six had proteinuria. Ophthalmic findings included advanced neovascular and fibrous proliferation on initial classification, and rapid progression to blindness-which was most frequently secondary to traction retinal detachment. In a small retrospective study, pituitary ablation may have offered greater preservation of vision than that observed in untreated patients.
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PMID:Severe adolescent-onset proliferative diabetic retinopathy: the effect of pituitary ablation. 67 70

Metabolic cataracts in diabetic patients usually develop within the first 3 years of the disease and cause little or no visual disability, but may progress to blindness. We report our findings in 3 patients who previously had normal vision and who presented with virtual blindness from cataract formation at the time of detection of their diabetes.
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PMID:Blindness from metabolic cataract--a presenting manifestation of diabetes mellitus. 89 23

The course of diabetic retinopathy is related to the duration of the diabetes. If it is nonproliferative (small hemorrhages, microaneurysms and exudates), the risk of blindness after five years is 20 percent in patients over age 60, if it is proliferative (neovascularization and fibrosis), the risk of blindness after five years is 40 to 65 percent in all patients. While photocoagulation appears to be of benefit, vitrectomy seems a promising approach at this time.
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PMID:Diabetic retinopathy. 93 63

Eighteen eyes in seventeen patients with diabetic retinopathy were operated on using the vitreous infusion-suction cutter. All had severe loss of vision due to retinal detachment or vitreous hemorrhage, or both. Thirteen eyes had a significant improvement in vision. The surgical management and postoperative problems are described. The results suggest that this technique is useful in selected cases of blindness caused by diabetes.
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PMID:Results after vitrectomy in diabetes. 107 30

A new surgical procedure, virtectomy, for alleviation of blindness caused by previously intractable vitreous disease, is described. Special demands of vitrectomy upon the anesthesiologist are enumerated. Problems presented by a patient population, 83 percent of whom suffered from severe diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension with a variety of complications, are discussed. Anesthetic technic used for 47 patients undergoing vitrectomy is described.
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PMID:Vitrectomy: a new challenge for the anesthesiologist. 116 62

Primary open angle glaucoma is the second most important cause of permanent blindness in the Asia Pacific region. Thus it is very important to identify epidemiological and other risk factore which are associated with open angle glaucoma. The risk for glaucoma optic nerve damage increases with the age and with the level of the intraocular pressure. In this paper, I will highlight our study of several risk factors for development of the open angle glaucoma like (1) elevated intraocular pressure, (2) myopia, (3) suspicious large optic disc cup, (4) cupping with disc haemorrhages and (5) nerve fibre defect. The general and systemic conditions which are implicated as risk factore are (1) family history of glaucoma, (2) increase in age, (3) diabetes mellitus, (4) cardio vascular conditions like central retinal vein occlusion etc. (5) the endocrine disorders with increased thyroid and increased cortico steroids responsiveness in patients with glaucoma will be discussed.
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PMID:Epidemiology of glaucoma in Asia-Pacific. 128 76


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