Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From the clinical use of RIA-gnost trypsin kit, the following results were obtained. 1. Standard curve showed a steep and good curve was shown. 2. Incubation: The condition for the first incubation was set at the room temperature for 10-24 hours and that for the second incubation at the room temperature for 3-5 hours. With these settings, satisfactory results were obtained. 3. Reproducibility and recovery: The C.V. of the reproducibility and the recovery were considered superior, and the values were below 10% and +/- 3%, respectively. 4. Correlation between trypsin and serum elestase-1: An excellent positive correlation (coefficient of correlation r = 0.889) was shown. 5. Serum trypsin concentration of normal and pancreatic diseases: The normal range was from 100 to 500 ng/ml. Acute pancreatitis rose obviously. Diabetes mellitus and chronic pancreatitis was below 500 ng/ml and the pancreatic cancer showed a tendency to scatter in the range of 50-1,250 ng/ml. The above results indicated that serum trypsin can be easily measured with high precision by using this method. Thus the method is considered useful for the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical usefulness of a trypsin radioimmunoassay kit]. 322 76

Epidemiologic studies of diet and pancreas cancer are few, and include ecologic comparisons and a limited number of prospective and case-control studies. Foods and/or nutrients that have been suggested to be associated with increased risk of this cancer include total fat intake, eggs, animal protein, sugar, meat, coffee and butter. Consumption of raw fruits and vegetables has been consistently associated with decreased risk. Dietary habits and medical history variables were evaluated in a prospective study of fatal pancreas cancer among 34,000 California Seventh-day Adventists between 1976 and 1983. Forty deaths from pancreas cancer occurred during the follow-up period. Compared to all US whites, Adventists experienced decreased risk from pancreas cancer death (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 72 for men; 90 for women), which was not statistically significant. Although there was a suggestive relationship between increasing meat, egg, and coffee consumption and increased pancreatic cancer risk, these variables were not significantly related to risk after controlling for cigarette smoking. However, increasing consumption of vegetarian protein products, beans, lentils, and peas as well as dried fruit was associated with highly significant protective relationships to pancreas cancer risk. A prior history of diabetes was associated with increased risk of subsequent fatal pancreas cancer, as was a history of surgery for peptic or duodenal ulcer. A history of tonsillectomy was associated with a slight, nonsignificant protective relationship as was history of various allergic reactions. These findings suggest that the protective relationships associated with frequent consumption of vegetables and fruits high in protease-inhibitor content are more important than any increase in pancreas cancer risk attendant on frequent consumption of meat or other animal products. Furthermore, the previously reported positive associations between diabetes and abdominal surgery and pancreas cancer risk are supported in these data.
 ...
PMID:Dietary habits and past medical history as related to fatal pancreas cancer risk among Adventists. 336 78

We studied the incidence of pancreatic cancer in 122,894 men and women who had previously reported amount and frequency of coffee, tea, and alcohol consumption; reporting was done at a multi-phasic health check-up (MHC) taken while subjects were members of a large prepaid health plan. We also tested the hypothesis that a pre-clinical effect of pancreatic cancer on glucose homeostasis leads to mild hyperglycemia and a generally increased thirst. If true, this could partially explain the increased consumption of beverages (particularly coffee) reported in association with pancreatic cancer in some case-control studies. However, in the 49 pancreatic cancer cases diagnosed during 6 years of follow-up, we found no evidence of increased risk associated with coffee, tea, or alcoholic beverages. We also found no evidence to support the increased-thirst hypothesis when we examined the 19 cases diagnosed within 12 months of having MHC. We did confirm a significantly increased risk among cigarette smokers (relative risk, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-4.7) which was progressive with increasing levels of cigarette use. In addition, risk of pancreatic cancer was greater for persons previously under treatment for diabetes mellitus (relative risk, 4.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-16.7). Our results add to the growing body of evidence against a causal role of coffee in pancreatic cancer.
 ...
PMID:Pancreatic cancer, blood glucose and beverage consumption. 337 55

An analysis of 287 (1.42%) exocrine pancreatic carcinomas of an 18 years post-mortem examination includes pathomorphological and histological findings of the tumors, causes of death, important concomitant diseases, and relevant clinical details. The tumor prefers the old age. We found a medium age of 68.2 years and a nearly balanced sex ratio, but some age dependent differences in this ratio. Localization, histological type, staging and dependent findings of the tumours do not differ essentially from wellknown statements. Among the causes of death there was in the first position the tumour itself (48.5%), followed by general tumour associated (39%) and local complications (11.5%). We found no foregoing diseases respectively endogenous risk factors of pancreatic cancer. This statement concerns particularly the chronic pancreatitis, diseases of the biliary tract or the gastroenteron, and diabetes mellitus. The role of a particular blood group was to exclude. Special findings are discussed. The results rather support the significance of exogenous risk factors, especially of nicotine and ethanol, which, in conjunction with other in relation to the exocrine pancreas weak carcinogenic agents and hyperplasiogenic factors may contribute to the increasing incidence of the exocrine pancreatic cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Pancreatic cancer--clinicopathology and etiology]. 343 82

Between 1973 and 1983, 43 patients with histologically proven unresectable pancreatic carcinoma were irradiated in the UCLA Department of Radiation Oncology. Ten patients received irradiation alone and 33 were nonrandomly assigned to receive chemotherapy in addition to irradiation. Of those patients receiving chemotherapy, 30 were given 5-fluorouracil and three were given a combination of agents. Forty-one of the 43 patients have died with a median survival of 7 months. Actuarial survival at 1 and 2 years was 24% and 3%. Local control was achieved in three of 43 patients. Two patients are alive with no evidence of disease at 11 and 30 months. The median survivals with and without chemotherapy were 9.5 and 4 months, respectively (p = 0.06). Survival dependent on nodal status, surgical bypass, primary site, and dose are also reported. No significant differences were found. Acute complications were noted in 23 patients but were a reason for discontinuing therapy in none. Late complications were noted in nine patients. Six patients with an upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage or a small bowel obstruction all had local recurrence. There were two patients with posttreatment diabetes mellitus and one with pancreatitis. The limits of conventional therapy for unresectable pancreatic cancer have been reached. Creative sequencing of induction combination chemotherapy, newer radiation modalities, and maintenance chemotherapy are required if systemic and local progression of this lethal disease is to be eliminated.
 ...
PMID:Results in the management of locally unresectable pancreatic carcinoma. 348 45

Adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreas in man is associated with a high incidence of diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia in humans with pancreatic cancer is presumed to be caused by destruction of islets of Langerhans with a resultant impairment in pancreatic insulin secretion. This hypothesis was tested in an animal model of exocrine pancreatic cancer. Carcinoma of the pancreas was induced in male Syrian golden hamsters by weekly injection of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine. Using an ex vivo isolated perfused pancreas preparation, the capacity of cancer-bearing pancreata to secrete insulin in response to glucose and arginine was compared to normal animals of the same age. Animals with pancreatic cancer demonstrated a normal insulin secretory response to both glucose and arginine. Thus the hypothesis that exocrine pancreatic cancer causes diabetes by directly impairing insulin release must be questioned and alternative explanations for the association of diabetes and pancreatic cancer should be sought.
 ...
PMID:Pancreatic insulin secretion in exocrine pancreatic cancer. 352 67

Early pancreatic carcinoma is defined as a tumor of less than 2 cm in diameter, limited to the pancreas without extension to adjacent structures or organs and without lymph-node and distant metastasis (T1a, N0, M0). In analysing 693 pancreatic cancer patients seen at the Surgical Clinic of Erlangen since 1969 we found only 3 early lesions (0.4%). There is a variety of diagnostic signs like unexplained abdominal pain, the development of pancreatic insufficiency, weight loss in excess of 10%, sudden onset of diabetes and elevation of serum and urine amylase. These early symptoms should be clarified by special pancreatic screening tests (ERCP, CT, US, angiography). CT and US alterations may be missing, because of the small tumor size. The proof of a pancreatic duct stenosis indicates laparotomy and resection. One of three of our patients survived longer than 6 years without recurrence. As reported, the 5-year-survival rate of early pancreatic cancer is 86%.
 ...
PMID:[Early cancer of the exocrine pancreas: diagnosis and prognosis]. 356 19

The etiology of pancreatic cancer remains elusive. It predominates in males and in certain ethnic populations (i.e., Polynesians and blacks). Primarily a disease of aging, it is rare in individuals under 40. Genetics is believed to play a very small part if any. While diabetics have higher than expected incidence and mortality rates, several recent studies have indicated that in most cases the diabetes is an early sign of pancreatic cancer rather than a predisposing condition. Other conditions have been infrequently reported in association with pancreatic cancer. None of them have shown a definitive associative pattern and are believed to represent coincidental occurrences. Migrant studies of Japanese immigrants implicate some type of environmental etiology, since pancreatic cancer rates increase dramatically within one to two generations. Studies on atom bomb survivors have demonstrated no link between a single intense dose of radiation and subsequent development of this disease. Workers exposed to low-level radiation have shown an increase in pancreatic cancer, but this result may reflect methodologic problems. Many chemicals have been shown to cause pancreatic cancer in animals, and chemists exhibit higher pancreatic cancer rates than expected. However, the human cases have not been traced to any specific chemical. Many other occupations besides chemistry have shown increased pancreatic cancer rates, but the common factor in these occupations is not obvious. Studies analyzing the relationship of alcohol consumption to pancreatic cancer yield conflicting results. This may be explained if the observed effects are due to a confounder, such as cigarette smoking; to an ingredient other than alcohol contained in alcoholic beverages, such as nitrosamines; or to the immunosuppressive effects of chronic excessive alcohol consumption. Smoking is the risk factor showing the most definitive and consistent results. There is little doubt that it plays an etiologic role, and it probably accounts for the higher incidence of the disease in males. Most other research does not support MacMahon's reported association between coffee drinking and pancreatic cancer. Recent studies have indicated a generally increased fluid intake in pancreatic cancer patients due to a disease-induced disturbance in glucose tolerance function. Such increased fluid intake would tend to manifest itself in the most popular beverage of the country (i.e., coffee in the United States and tea in the United Kingdom). Animal studies have indicated a link between pancreatic cancer and high fat and/or high protein diets as well as raw soybean consumption.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:The use of epidemiology, scientific data, and regulatory authority to determine risk factors in cancers of some organs of the digestive system. 6. Pancreatic cancer. 377 80

To examine the role of diabetes in pancreatic cancer, 4 groups of Chinese hamsters--2 from genetically diabetic and 2 from non-diabetic lines--were treated with N-nitrosobis(2-oxo-propyl)amine (BOP) at different dose levels and intervals. In one group (referred to as the VA group), BOP was given weekly at a 5 mg/kg body wt. level for 18 or 23 weeks, whereas the other group (the EP group) received a weekly dose of 2.5 mg/kg body wt. for life. Except for diet and experimental design, all other laboratory conditions were similar in the two institutions. No VA hamster developed tumors. Three of 22 non-diabetic EP hamsters (but none of the diabetic hamsters) developed pancreatic hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions, comprising ductular cell adenomas (3 hamsters), carcinoma in situ (1 hamster), a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (1 hamster), and a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (1 hamster) with regional lymph node metastases. In addition, over 50% of the EP hamsters had neoplasms for which the incidences and morphology did not vary between diabetic and non-diabetic groups or between the sexes. These were primarily of the liver (cholangiomas), lungs (adenomas) and skin (trichoepitheliomas, squamous cell carcinomas). The differing carcinogenic response of the two hamster groups to BOP apparently is not related to the total BOP dose, but rather to other factors, including the length of observation time.
 ...
PMID:Pancreatic carcinogenicity of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)-amine in diabetic and non-diabetic Chinese hamsters. 381 30

We attempted to use CDDP for patients with advanced cancers of the gastrointestinal system by intra-arterial infusion, giving consideration to the side effects of CDDP. Of 19 cases treated with CDDP, 17 cases were evaluable. These 17 cases comprised 10 cases of gastric cancer, 1 of pancreatic cancer and 6 of colon cancer. Therapeutic effects were as follows. According to the criteria for judgement of solid cancers, there were 10 evaluable cases which comprised 1 case of PR, 2 of MR, 4 of NC and 3 of PD. According to the criteria for judgement of malignant ascites, there were 6 evaluable cases which comprised 4 effective and 2 non-effective cases. As to side effects, nausea and vomiting were observed in 10 cases, numbness in 1, fever in 1 and aggravation of diabetes in 2. From the above results, intra-arterial infusion of CDDP is considered to be an effective method for the treatment of advanced cancers of the gastrointestinal system, especially of malignant ascites.
 ...
PMID:[Intra-arterial infusion of CDDP in advanced gastrointestinal cancer (combination of general chemotherapy)]. 395 80


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>