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 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Emphysematous gastritis is a condition characterized by gas within the wall of the stomach and associated systemic toxicity. We report a case of emphysematous gastritis in a 43-year-old diabetic patient receiving hemodialysis and review 41 cases published since 1889. The most common predisposing factors included ingestion of corrosive substances, alcohol abuse, abdominal surgery, diabetes, and immunosuppression. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation of acute abdomen with associated features of systemic toxicity. The most commonly involved organisms were streptococci (nine cases), Escherichia coli (nine cases), Enterobacter species (six cases), Clostridium welchii (four cases), and Staphylococcus aureus (four cases). Computed tomography (CT) is the diagnostic procedure of choice. The mortality rate was 61% (25 of 41 patients). Gastric contractures after recovery were noted in 10% (4 of 41 patients). Antimicrobial therapy with antibiotics covering gram-negative organisms and anaerobes, and surgery in appropriate cases may enhance survival.
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PMID:Emphysematous gastritis in a hemodialysis patient. 1260 25

Emphysematous gastritis is a rare variant of gastritis that is characterised by the presence of gas in the wall of the stomach with CT scan being the procedure of choice for diagnosis. It is a potentially fatal disease that is caused by gas forming organisms and usually presents with systemic toxicity. Predisposing factors include corrosive ingestion, alcohol abuse, abdominal surgery, diabetes, and immunosuppressant. Antimicrobial therapy with antibiotics covering gram-negative organisms and anaerobes, and surgery in appropriate cases may enhance survival. We report a new case of emphysematous gastritis following pelvic surgery, diagnosed with a CT scan that showed gas in both stomach wall and liver portal venous distribution and recovered with conservative management.
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PMID:Emphysematous gastritis: case report and literature review. 1744 49

Emphysematous gastritis is a rare form of phlegmonous gastritis, characterized by air in the wall of the stomach due to invasion by gas-forming microorganisms. The most commonly involved microorganisms are streptococci, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Clostrodium perfrigens and Staphylococcus aureus. Gastrointestinal mucormycosis is another rare condition, which is most frequently occurs in the stomach. Because emphysematous gastritis associated with invasive gastric mucormycosis is an extremely rare clinical condition and both are life-threatening diseases, early precise diagnosis and early treatment should be done to avoid mortality. Herein we present an extremely rare case of emphysematous gastritis associated with invasive gastric mucormycosis. A 43-yr-old man, suffering from alcoholism and diabetes, has experienced diffuse abdominal pain for 4 days. Abdominal computed tomography scan demonstrated gas within the stomach wall. A histologic examination of the total gastrectomy specimen showed several gas-filled bubbles in the wall, along with numerous fungal hyphae throughout the necrotic stomach wall. He died of multiorgan failure secondary to disseminated mucormycosis, despite the intensive medical therapy.
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PMID:Emphysematous gastritis associated with invasive gastric mucormycosis: a case report. 1798 48

Emphysematous gastritis (EG) is a rare cause of abdominal pain, which should be differentiated from gastric emphysema. It is hypothesized to result from air-producing microorganisms in patients with underlying predisposing factors. Because of the non-specific presentation of EG, it is diagnosed radiographically. CT scan is the diagnostic modality of choice that typically reveals irregular, mottled appearance of the air in the thickened gastric wall and in the portal vein in the liver. We report a rare case of EG in a male with a history of diabetes mellitus who presented to the emergency department with diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain. On examination, he was hypotensive and had mild tenderness in the epigastrium. Laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis, elevated lactate, anion gap metabolic acidosis, and acute kidney injury. A non-contrast CT abdomen revealed findings consistent with EG. Even though mortality rate in access of 60% have been reported without prompt surgical intervention in EG, recent literature suggests favorable prognosis with conservative measures in patients without an overt surgical indication. Our patient was also managed conservatively with IV antibiotics and gradual advancement of diet and had complete resolution of symptoms over the ensuing few days. The factors that correlate with a poor prognosis include elevated serum lactate, serum creatinine, and concomitant pneumatosis in small bowel and colon.
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PMID:A case report of emphysematous gastritis in a diabetic patient: favorable outcome with conservative measures. 2633 58

Emphysematous gastritis with portal venous air is a rare condition usually caused by gas forming organisms. This may be secondary to local spread of an infection through the mucosa or rarely hematogenous dissemination from a distant focus. We present a young diabetic woman with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus who was admitted with sepsis and severe abdominal symptoms. Investigation revealed emphysematous pyelonephritis due to E. coli infection associated with emphysematous gastritis and air in the portal tract. She improved with broad spectrum antibiotics, fluid resuscitation and electrolyte and diabetic management. To our knowledge this is the first report showing the association between emphysematous pyelonephritis and gastritis with air in the portal system.
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PMID:Emphysematous Pyelonephritis Associated With Emphysematous Gastritis and Air in the Portal Vein. 2794 18

Emphysematous gastritis is a rare but severe form of phlegmonous gastritis caused by gastric mucosal disruption and infection of stomach wall by gas-forming bacteria. Ingestion of corrosive substances is the most common predisposing factor, followed by alcohol abuse, abdominal surgery, diabetes and immunosuppression. Patients usually present with abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation and/or gastro-intestinal hemorrhage. Characteristic radiological findings include presence of gas in the gastric wall. Management of this condition includes broad-spectrum antibiotics and supportive therapy. Outcome of emphysematous gastritis is frequently fatal due to septic shock and multi-organ failure. We report a case of a 65 years old male who presented with fever and upper abdominal tenderness. He had history of uncontrolled diabetes and chronic alcohol intake. Radiological investigations revealed air within the gastric wall, portal vein, liver and spleen. Despite initial improvement with conservative management, patient succumbed due to sepsis and shock.
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PMID:Emphysematous Gastritis with Air in Portal Venous System. 2859 64