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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From June 1, 1990 to September 1, 1995 we have operated within our department o Ophthalmology 759 eyes at 714 patients using the method of Extra-Capsular Extraction (EEC). From these 759 eyes, 242 (31.88%) were subjects of an artificial lens implant, 239 eyes were subjects of posterior chamber implant and 4 of anterior chamber. The used technique was the classical EEC one. The patients' age was between 8 and 93 years, with the maximal frequencies at the groups of 60-70 years (43.83%) and 70-80 years (35.57%). Considering the type of cataract we have operated 12 (1.58%) traumatic cataracts, 81 (10.67%) pre-senile cataracts and 621 (81.81%) senile ones. The most frequent complications were: capsule breaking and zonular dialysis, 8 cases (1.05%). vitreous out going, 12 cases (1.57%), post-surgical oedema of cornea, 132 cases (17.5%). increase of intraocular pressure, 158 cases (20.81%), irido-ciliary inflammation. 45 cases (5.9%), endophthalmitis, 3 cases (0.39%), oedematous-bubbling keratopathy, 6 cases (0.79%), macular cystoid oedema, 2 cases (0.26%), posterior capsule opacification, 52 cases (6.8%). The results we have obtained are good: 530 patients (69.8%) have a visual acuity of 0.5 or better. The rest of the patients have a lower visual acuity because of intra- or post-surgical complications as well as exfoliation syndrome, diabetes, glaucoma, myopia, pigmentary retinopathy and Fuchs' heterochromia. The artificial lens implant has increased, reaching in 1995 a total of 78.61%.
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PMID:[Extracapsular extraction of the crystalline lens]. 896 53

The corneal neurotrophic status was evaluated in 110 patients (220 eyes) with diabetes mellitus and in 20 normal controls (40 eyes). Corneal abnormalities (gerontoxon, limb vascularization, punctate keratopathy, endothelial dystrophy, relapsing erosion, corneal ulcers) were detected in 73.6% diabetics. Corneal changes depended on the type, duration, and compensation of diabetes mellitus. Based on the diagnostic markers (threshold sensitivity of the cornea, microcirculatory status, bulbar conjunctiva status, level of lacrimal production, cellular composition of the limb smears impressions, lacrimal levels of catecholamines, hydroperoxides, and lipids), three types of diabetic neuropathy of the cornea were distinguished: vegetative, sensory, and vegetosensory. Corneal changes were associated with signs of diabetic neuropathy in 55.6% cases and with autonomic nervous disorders of the cardiovascular system in 46.9% cases, which evidences a generalized involvement. The detected neurotrophic features of the cornea should be borne in mind when choosing pathogenetic therapy for diabetics with corneal complications and preparing the patients to ocular surgery.
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PMID:[Clinical and pathogenetic features of neurotrophic corneal disorders in diabetes]. 1066 77

Goshajinkigan (niu-che-shen-qi-wan in Chinese), a traditional herbal medicine, has been used in Japan to treat clinical symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. A double-masked study was performed to evaluate its effects on corneal sensitivity, superficial punctate keratopathy and tear production in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Fifty diabetic patients were randomized into two groups: Group A, in which 25 patients received goshajinkigan orally, 7.5 g/day for 3 months; Group B, in which 25 patients were orally administered placebo, 6.0 g/day for 3 months; and in Group C, 25 non-diabetic subjects were orally administered goshajinkigan, 7.5 g/day for 3 months. Corneal sensitivity was measured with an aesthesiometer. The area of superficial punctate keratopathy was expressed as a fluorescein staining score. Reflex tearing was determined with a Schirmer test without anesthesia goshajinkigan was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Corneal thresholds after treatment with goshajinkigan (2.03 g/mm2) in Group A were significantly lower than those before treatment (2.47 g/mm2). Those in Groups B and C did not change after treatment. Fluorescein staining scores after administration of Goshajinkigan (0.64) in Group A were significantly lower than those before treatment (1.32). Those in Groups B and C did not change after treatment. Schirmer test results after goshajinkigan administration (11.0 mm/5 min) in Group A were significantly higher than those before treatment (9.3 mm/5 min). Those in Groups B and C did not change after treatment. Hemoglobin A1c levels in Groups A, B,and C did not change after treatment. Several components in goshajinkigan were found on high performance liquid chromatography. In conclusion, goshajinkigan improved ocular surface disorders in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Effects of goshajinkigan on corneal sensitivity, superficial punctate keratopathy and tear secretion in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 1272 59

The autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) is characterized by a variable coexistence of several autoimmune diseases, affecting predominantly endocrine glands. In general two types of APS are distinguished. Type 1 APS is an autosomal recessive disorder often leading to insufficiency of the adrenal cortex, the parathyroid glands, and/or the gonads. This type of APS often affects the skin in form of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and ectodermal dystrophies (vitiligo, alopecia, keratopathy, dystrophy of dental enamel and nails). The second form of APS is a polygenic disease which usually involves the adrenal gland, the thyroid and the pancreatic beta-cells. In rare cases APS type 2 is associated with myasthenia gravis, autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, Sjogren's syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis. Here we describe a case of APS with the unusual combination of type 1 diabetes, secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, growth hormone deficiency, and primary hypothyroidism associated with lethal idiopathic giant cell myocarditis. The combination of APS and idiopathic giant cell myocarditis which is a rare, frequently fatal autoimmune disorder of myocardium affecting most commonly young individuals has not been reported so far.
Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005 May
PMID:Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome associated with idiopathic giant cell myocarditis. 1592 18

Recurrent corneal erosions (RCE) are common. They are characterised by repeated episodes of pain, difficulty in opening the eyes, watering, and photophobia resulting from poor epithelial adhesion. In the majority of patients with RCE, trauma is the initiating factor. Epithelial, stromal, and endothelial corneal dystrophies have all been described in association with RCE. Other causes that may lead to RCE include chemical and thermal injuries, previous herpetic keratitis, meibomian gland dysfunction, ocular rosacea, diabetes mellitus, Salzmann's nodular degeneration, band keratopathy, previous bacterial ulceration, kerato-conjunctivitis sicca, and epidermolysis bullosa. The conditions that are associated with RCE can be either primary or secondary depending on whether the basement membrane complex abnormality is intrinsic or acquired. Primary types tend to be bilateral, symmetrical and develop in multiple corneal locations. The pathogenetic mechanism of this disorder is related to poor adhesion of the corneal epithelium to the underlying stroma. Excessive matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity may play a role in the pathogenesis. Although the majority of patients will respond to simple measures such as padding and antibiotic ointment, RCE resistant to simple measures require approaches that are more elaborate. The common goal of these approaches is to encourage proper formation of adhesion complexes between the epithelium and the stroma. The use of long-term contact lenses, autologous serum eye drops, botulinum toxin, induced ptosis, oral MMP inhibitors, diamond burr polishing of Bowman's membrane have been reported with varying degree of success in treating RCE. Anterior stromal puncture with insulin needles or Neodymium : aluminium-yttrium-garnet may enhance the epithelial adhesion to the basement membrane by scar formation and success rates of up to 80% have been reported in the treatment of recalcitrant RCE. Excimer laser photo-therapeutic keratectomy (PTK) is now a well-established treatment modality for RCE and is being used both safely and effectively. Partial ablation of Bowman's layer with PTK gives a smooth surface for the newly generating epithelium to migrate and form adhesion complexes. The pathogenesis, clinical features, and management options of this common disorder are discussed in this review article.
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PMID:Pathogenesis, clinical features and management of recurrent corneal erosions. 1757 Oct 89

Diabetes mellitus influences the function and morphology of the eye lens. The cataract is the second most common complication of diabetes mellitus on the eye. A hundred patients with cataract were examined in the prospective study. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 50 patients with cataract who had not suffered from a system or local disease. The second group consisted of 50 patients with cataract and diabetes mellitus that had lasted for at least five years. In both groups the patients underwent identical cataract extra capsular extraction with intraocular PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) lens implantation in camera posterior. The objective of this study was to compare the two groups of patients in order to find out the most common intraoperative or postoperative complications in diabetics. The most common postoperative complications in patients suffering from diabetes were inflammatory reactions and bleeding: postoperative keratopathy, uveitis anterior serous and uveitis anterior fibrinous with posterior sinechia and opacity of the posterior lens capsule as results. Postoperative visual acuity was worse in the patients in group II on the seventh day and six months after operation. It was diabetic retinopathy and its progression that caused deterioration of visual acuity. Diabetic retinopathy and its progression, as well as maculopathy were found only in patients who were not treated with photocoagulation before the operation.
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PMID:Cataract surgery and postoperative complications in diabetic patients. 1619 78

Diabetes mellitus is frequently associated with microvascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy. Neurotrophic keratopathy occurs in response to a neuropathy of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. Rarely has diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy been described. This paper discusses the ophthalmic histories of three patients who presented with diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy. In one patient the corneal ulceration was the sole presenting feature of his diabetes. We discuss the need for increased vigilance in the ophthalmic community for suspecting diabetes in patients with unexplained corneal epithelial disease.
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PMID:Neurotrophic keratopathy and diabetes mellitus. 1621 44

This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the spectrum and prevalence of eye disorders among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in Gaborone, Botswana. All DM patients who attended Gaborone City Council (GCC) health facilities underwent eye examination at the specialist eye clinic. All of the study participants were interviewed using questionnaires and underwent laboratory investigations. A total of 401 DM patients participated in the study. About 60 % never had an eye examination before. Refractive error (29.2%) was the most prevalent followed by cataract (20.2%), retinopathy (9.2%), pterygeum (6.7%), glaucoma (2.5%) and keratopathy (0.7%). The study showed that DM patients are affected by many eye disorders other than diabetic retinopathy and regular eye examination should be part of diabetic care.
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PMID:Spectrum of eye disorders among diabetes mellitus patients in Gaborone, Botswana. 1661 48

Dogs fed galactose develop diabetes-like ocular complications that include keratopathy, cataracts, and retinopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether galactosemic dogs display reduced aqueous flow similar to that observed in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Twelve male beagles at 9 months of age were divided into three groups of four. The Galactose group was fed diet containing 30% galactose for 97 months and the Reversal group was fed the galactose diet for an initial 38 months then standard dog diet for the remaining period. The Control group was fed standard dog diet for 97 months. Aqueous flow was determined by fluorophotometry in one eye per dog at 96 and 97 months after the initiation of galactose feeding. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured once in the morning by pneumatonometry. Anterior chamber depth was measured by A-scan. At the end of the experiment, eyes were enucleated and processed for histological examination. Dogs fed galactose diet for 97 months had significantly (p<0.05) increased body weights but similar IOP and anterior chamber depth compared to the other groups, and significantly (p=0.05) reduced aqueous flow compared to the control group (4.4+/-2.2 vs. 6.8+/-2.4 microl/min, mean+/-standard deviation, respectively). Additionally, aqueous flow decreased in the Reversal group to 3.1+/-1.3 microl/min (p=0.002). This decrease correlated with morphological changes of the ciliary processes. Like patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, galactose-fed dogs demonstrate reduced aqueous flow. This reduction was irreversible and independent of the retinopathy present. This animal model may be useful for the study of aqueous humor dynamics in diabetes.
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PMID:Aqueous flow in galactose-fed dogs. 1679 6

We examined phenotypic changes during the wound healing process in the corneal epithelium of Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a spontaneous model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this article, we provide an overview of our and other groups' research and describe the clinical features of diabetic keratopathy. We observed that the rate of corneal epithelial wound closure was decreased in GK rats compared with Wistar rats. Immunoreactivity for Cx43, K14, and Ki-67 was detected in the 2 layers of cells adjacent to the basement membrane in the corneal epithelium of GK rats, whereas only the single basal layer of cells was positive for these proteins in the corneal epithelium of Wistar rats. The frequency of Ki-67-positive cells was greater in GK rats than in Wistar rats in the intact corneal epithelium and during wound healing. The GK rat represents delayed corneal epithelial wound closure as well as that which is observed in human diabetic keratopathy. Furthermore, these results indicate a possibility of functional deviation in corneal epithelial cells with diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Deviated mechanism of wound healing in diabetic corneas. 1788 21


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