Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Base on their own experience with isradipine and results of a multicentric study with amplodipine in the Slovak Republic, as well as based on data in the literature the authors conclude that: 1. In the treatment of arterial hypertension associated in the syndrome of insulin resistance (syndrome X and 5H resp.) with type 2 diabetes, hyperlipiproteinaemia and hyperinsulinism drugs of first choice include ACE-inhibitors and Ca antagonist of the second generation, dihydropiridine type, such as amplodipine, isradipine, fellodipine, nirtendipine etc. ACE inhibitors and Ca antagonist of the dihydropyridine type with prolonged effect have a good tolerance, few undesirable effect, a favourable effect on the decline of BP, regression of hypertrophy of the left ventricle and vascular wall; they do not cause deterioration of insulin resistance and thus do not interfere with compensation of diabetes and associated hyperlipoproteinaemia. 2. ACE inhibitors moreover reduce glomerular filtration and albuminuria and thus retard along with the effect on BP the progression of diabetic nephropathy. 3. In pre-existing hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism (cca in 18% diabetic subjects) they can however cause dangerous hyperkalinaemia by further inhibition of the damaged renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. In instances Ca inhibitors are indicated. The latter activate RAAS and do not have an impact on albuminuria. By their effect on the vas deferens they can increase glomerular filtration. 4. Diuretics are not suitable for the treatment of hypertension in X syndrome and the use of beta-blocking agents even with ISA and beta-1-selective preparations in restricted in particular when insulin is administered or other numerous contraindications are present (cardiac failure, bradyarrythmias, bronchitis etc.). Perhaps a combination of ACE-inhibitors and Ca antagonists of the 2nd generation with an alpha-blocking agent or hybrid alpha-beta-blocking agent is a suitable solution.
 ...
PMID:[The role of calcium inhibitors in the treatment of arterial hypertension]. 924 72

The effectiveness of influenza vaccination in reducing hospitalization of people with diabetes for influenza, pneumonia, or diabetic events during influenza epidemics was assessed in a case control study in Leicestershire, England. Cases were 80 patients on the Leicestershire Diabetes Register who were admitted and discharged from hospital with International Classification of Disease codes for pneumonia, bronchitis, influenza, diabetic ketoacidosis, coma and diabetes, without mention of complications, during the influenza epidemics of 1989-90 and 1993. One hundred and sixty-controls, who were not admitted to hospital during this period, were randomly selected from the Register. Immunization against influenza was assessed in 37 cases and 77 controls for whom consent was obtained to access their clinical notes and for whom notes were available. Significant association was detected between reduction in hospitalization and influenza vaccination during the period immediately preceding an epidemic. Multiple logistic regression analysis estimated that influenza vaccination reduced hospital admissions by 79% (95% CI 19-95%) during the two epidemics, after adjustment for potential confounders.
 ...
PMID:Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in reducing hospital admissions in people with diabetes. 944 Apr 37

Early recognition of alcohol problems by general practitioners might be enhanced by the use of better alcohol markers. Several studies have revealed promising results for the carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) assay in certain populations. The aim of our study was to examine the specificity of the CDT assay in a general practice population. The main research question was whether common chronic diseases and/or the accompanying prescribed drugs have a negative influence on the specificity of the CDT assay. The 524 men who participated were selected from seven general practices and were suffering from one or more of the following diseases: hypertension, asthma/bronchitis, diabetes mellitus, adipositis/lipid metabolism disorder, angina pectoris, depression, and disorders of the digestive tract. None of the studied diseases or of the accompanying prescribed drugs had an influence on the specificity of the CDT assay. The overall specificity in this general practitioner population was 0.92. It can be concluded that the studied diseases do not bear an influence on the serum CDT concentration, and that, therefore, the CDT assay is a highly specific instrument for use in assessing alcohol consumption in general practice patients.
 ...
PMID:The specificity of the CDT assay in general practice: the influence of common chronic diseases and medication on the serum CDT concentration. 966 Mar 21

Chemical intolerance, or reported illness from odors of common environmental chemicals (e.g., car exhaust, pesticides), is emerging as an important environmental and public health-care issue. Epidemiologic methods provide relevant heuristic devices for studies of complex disorders, such as chemical intolerance. The authors examined personal and reported parental cardiopulmonary disease prevalence rates in a community sample of chemically intolerant and control individuals. A county government (Tucson, Arizona) employee and kin subset (N = 181; 113 households) completed standard health questionnaires. Investigators determined chemical intolerance (n = 41/181) from self-reports of individuals who felt "moderately" to "severely" ill from exposure to at least three of five chemicals (i.e., car exhaust, pesticides, paint, new carpet, and perfume) on a Chemical Odor Intolerance Index. The authors chose the control group (n = 57/181) on the basis of self-reports of "never" feeling ill on the Chemical Odor Intolerance Index. The chemically intolerant group, which primarily comprised women (78% versus 51% of controls, p < .05), was significantly more likely to report-and to have sought--medical attention for heart problems, bronchitis, asthma, and pneumonia. Reports of heart problems in the chemically intolerant index cases and the occurrence of heart disease in both of their parents were significant (Fisher's p < .05). The chemically intolerant individuals were also significantly more likely to report maternal histories of chest problems (e.g., inhalant allergens, tuberculosis) than controls. The findings of the study suggested that the chemically intolerant individuals (a preponderance of whom were women [sex-related risk]) were more likely to have (a) reported cardiopulmonary problems (i.e., greater health risk); (b) actively sought medical care for these problems (i.e., increased medical utilization); and (c) reported more parental illnesses-particularly heart disease, asthma, and diabetes (i.e., genetic risk). Additional community-based studies of chemical intolerance are needed.
 ...
PMID:Increased cardiopulmonary disease risk in a community-based sample with chemical odor intolerance: implications for women's health and health-care utilization. 976 80

Information management is critical in today's health care environment. Traditional paper-based medical records are inadequate information management tools. Electronic medical records (EMRs) overcome many problems with paper records and are ideally suited to help physicians increase productivity and improve the quality of care they provide. The Department of Family Medicine at the Medical University of South Carolina uses the Practice Partner Patient Record EMR system. Department members have developed a quality improvement model based on this EMR system. The model has been used to improve care for acute bronchitis, diabetes mellitus, tobacco abuse, asthma, and postmenopausal osteoporosis.
 ...
PMID:Electronic medical records as tools for quality improvement in ambulatory practice: theory and a case study. 1033 12

Blackfoot disease was prevalent in a limited area on the southwest coast of Taiwan, where artesian well water containing arsenic (median = 0.78 ppm arsenic) had been used for many years. Previous studies of arsenic exposure in the blackfoot disease endemic area have been focused on malignant tumors. We, therefore, conducted this study to analyze mortality of all death causes in blackfoot disease endemic areas and to determine other neglected cancers or noncancer diseases related to artesian well water containing high levels of arsenic. We calculated standardized mortality ratios for cancer and noncancer diseases, by sex, during the period from 1971 to 1994 and compared them to the local reference group (i.e, Chiayi-Tainan County) and the national reference group (i.e., Taiwan population). The results revealed marked standardized mortality ratio differences for the 2 reference groups. Greater mortality was found for males and females with bladder, kidney, skin, lung, nasal-cavity, bone, liver, larynx, colon, and stomach cancers, as well as lymphoma than in the local reference population. With respect to noncancer diseases, we found greater mortality for males and females who had vascular disease, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and bronchitis than in the local reference group. Mortalities for other diseases--including rectal cancer, cerebrovascular disease, and other diseases--were higher among cases than the local reference group. Our results indicated that the hazardous effect of arsenic is systemic. Diseases related to arsenic exposure included those reported previously by other investigators, as well as diseases reported in the present study.
 ...
PMID:Mortality for certain diseases in areas with high levels of arsenic in drinking water. 1044 40

To predict which patients with current high-risk disease in the community may benefit most from additional preventive or therapeutic measures for influenza, we determined prognostic factors for influenza-associated hospitalization and death in a general practice-based case-control study among this segment of the vaccine target population with high influenza vaccination rates. In 103 general practices followed during the 1996/7 influenza epidemic, cases were either hospitalized, or died due to influenza, bronchitis, pneumonia, diabetes, heart failure or myocardial infarction. Age- and gender-matched controls were randomly sampled from the remaining cohort. Information was collected by review of patient records. In total, 119 cases and 196 matched controls were included. Of the cases, 34, 25 and 4% were hospitalized for acute pulmonary and cardiac disease and diabetes, respectively, and 37% died. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, previous hospitalization, high GP visiting rate and polypharmacy were independent prognostic factors. Several non-modifiable determinants can be used to ensure targeting additional preventive or therapeutic measures at the most vulnerable segment of the vaccine target group.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic factors for influenza-associated hospitalization and death during an epidemic. 1135 97

The objective of our study is to understand the clinical features of patients with acute respiratory tract infection associated with Streptococcus milleri group (SMG). Fifteen patients with SMG respiratory tract infection visited our hospital from July, 1997 through May, 2000. There were seven cases of pneumonia, two pulmonary abscess, three thoracic empyema and three acute bronchitis. The mean age of the patients was 57.8 years (range 16-87), twelve were males, and seven were smokers. The moderately to severe underlying diseases existed in thirteen patients (86.7%) and included the following: respiratory diseases (20.0%), history of the esophageal or gastric surgery (26.7%), central nerve system diseases (13.3%), alcohol intake (60.0%), hepatitis and pancreatitis (33.3%), diabetes mellitus (13.3%) and malignancy (6.7%). The species of SMG detected were as follows: S. constellatus, 8, S. anginosus, 6 and S. intermedius, 1. Anaerobic organism and other microorganisms were detected in five patients. A patient with SMG nosocominal pneumonia who previously had thoracic surgery for esophageal cancer died. Antibiotics therapy with carbapenem or combination therapy, drainage and no surgery, were successful in 14 of the 15 cases (93.3%). The number of intermediately or complete resistant strains against penicillin G, ampicillin and cefmetazole were 5 (33.3%), 8 (53.3%) and 12 (80.0%), respectively in this series. Recently, it is seemed that acute respiratory tract infections caused by SMG are increasing in the patients with moderately to severe underlying diseases, and several clinical strains of SMG are acquiring a tolerance to antibiotics.
 ...
PMID:[A three-year review of acute respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus milleri group]. 1197 85

"The death rates at ages over 40 in Japan were analyzed using Japanese Vital Statistics for 1947-1988. Secular changes in the death rate and the age-specific death rate were analyzed according to sex and major causes of death. Twelve major causes of death were as follows: (1) malignant neoplasms, (2) heart disease, (3) cerebrovascular disease, (4) pneumonia and bronchitis, (5) accidents and adverse effects, (6) senility without mention of psychosis, (7) suicide, (8) chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, (9) nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis, (10) hypertensive disease, (11) diabetes mellitus and (12) mental disorders.... The mean age at death increased 50 years [over] the last 38 years." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
 ...
PMID:[[Mortality in the elderly population aged over 40 in Japan, 1947-1988]]. 1228 12

A 62-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus and chronic hepatitis C was admitted to our hospital because of fever and productive cough. A thoracic CT scan demonstrated a cavity in the left upper lobe, thickening of the bronchial walls and multiple subpleural infiltrates. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed aspergillus bronchitis. The patient was treated with 200 mg/day of oral itraconazole, but no effect was seen. Treatment with 300 mg/day of oral itraconazole, however, resulted in improvement of the symptoms and resolution of the radiographic abnormalities. We report a rare case of aspergillus bronchitis.
 ...
PMID:[A case of aspergillus bronchitis with effective oral itraconazole]. 1279 83


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>