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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The paper presents data about the influence of presurgical preparation, a special tactics of management on the day of operation and the first postoperative days on the incidence of complications, visual acuity and the term of the patient's stay in a specialized bed after cataract extraction and antiglaucomatous operations in patients of elderly and senile age, suffering from diabetes mellitus. It is substantiated that specialized ophthalmological hospitals of a surgical profile should have a therapist on staff with obligatory endocrinologic preparation.
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PMID:[The characteristics of the therapeutic procedure in ophthalmological operations on diabetics]. 228 Sep 53

Inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is polygenic, and at least one of the genes conferring susceptibility to diabetes is tightly linked to the MHC. Recent studies have suggested that DQB1 of humans and I-A beta of mice are closely associated with susceptibility and resistance to IDDM. For further characterization and localization of the MHC-linked diabetogenic gene, we studied the genomic sequence of the A beta gene of the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, an animal model of IDDM, in comparison with those of its sister strains, nonobese nondiabetic and cataract Shionogi (CTS) mice, and the original strain, outbred Imperial Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Genomic DNAs from these strains were amplified in vitro by the polymerase chain reaction with thermostable Taq polymerase. The amplified sequences were analyzed by restriction endonuclease digestion, hybridization with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes, and direct sequencing. The unique I-A beta sequence of NOD mice was observed in the sister strain, CTS mice, and in one mouse of the original strain, outbred ICR mice. These data together with the results of MAb typing of MHC molecules and restriction mapping of the I-A region suggest that the unique class II MHC of NOD mice is not the result of a recent mutation, but is derived from the original strain. Since class I MHC of CTS mice is different from the MHC of NOD mice at both the K and D loci, CTS mice are a naturally occurring recombinant strain with NOD type class II MHC and non-NOD type class I MHC. Thus, breeding studies in crosses of NOD with CTS mice should provide biological information on whether the unique class II MHC of NOD mice is diabetogenic.
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PMID:Major histocompatibility complex-linked diabetogenic gene of the nonobese diabetic mouse. Analysis of genomic DNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. 229 94

The long term results of 28 HLA 1-haploidentical donor kidney transplant recipients receiving preoperative lymphocyte deletion through thoracic duct drainage and low dose of steroid and azathioprine immunosuppressive treatment were presented. The number of removed lymphocytes was 129.9 +/- 38.1 x 10(9) (mean +/- SD) and the duration of thoracic duct drainage pretreatment was 35 +/- 4 days. Graft survival was 96% at 3 months through 2 years, 89% at 3 years and 84% at 5 years. Patient survival was 100% at 3 months through 2 years and 96% at 3 years through 5 years. Fifteen acute rejection crises were observed in 13 patients within the first 3 months postoperatively. There was no irreversible rejection in the first 3 months. Four chronic rejections were observed in 4 patients. Life-threatening infectious disease was observed in 5 patients, diabetes mellitus in 2 and cataract in 4. These results indicated that the reduction of the dose of steroid in post transplant period might have beneficial effects on the long term graft survival of HLA 1-haploidentical kidney transplant patients receiving TDD pretreatment and the conventional immunosuppressive treatment.
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PMID:[Thoracic duct drainage pretreatment in living related kidney transplantation--long-term results of low dose steroid and azathioprine immunosuppression]. 232 18

We examined 96 patients (111 eyes) who underwent extracapsular cataract extraction with the implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. Of 96 patients 24 (29 eyes) with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus had no or simple retinopathy; 72 patients (82 eyes) served as non-diabetic controls. The central corneas of all subjects were photographed by a specular microscope preoperatively and three, six, and 12 months postoperatively. No significant differences in the endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation, or cell loss were noted between diabetic patients and age matched non-diabetic subjects during the observation period.
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PMID:Corneal endothelial changes after posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in patients with or without diabetes mellitus. 235 29

Nineteen children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were assessed for microangiopathic complications in the University Department of Paediatrics, Singapore. Of 17 who underwent nerve conduction studies, all showed impaired nerve conduction velocities, with more sensory than motor nerve involvement. The extent of neuropathy was significantly correlated with the duration of disease. Of five children who showed significant proteinuria, two had impaired creatinine clearance, two had cataract formation, and two retinopathy, in one background and in one proliferative. Our study showed a high prevalence of microangiopathic complications in these diabetic children and it is hoped that improved blood glucose control, with the aid of home blood glucose monitoring, may minimize or arrest the microangiopathic complications.
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PMID:Microangiopathy in Singapore diabetic children. 241 47

Between 1982 and 1985, cataract extraction was performed on 144 eyes of 122 diabetics, and the early and late complications of the operation were recorded. There was seldom any intraoperative hemorrhaging or any postoperative anterior chamber hemorrhaging. On the first day after the operation, increased IOP was measured more frequently in diabetic patients than in those without diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy deteriorated in 12 eyes, while hemorrhaging glaucomas occurred in 5 eyes.
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PMID:[Early and late complications in cataract extraction in diabetic patients]. 243 96

About 5% of total world population is affected by diabetes mellitus syndrome, with an expected increasing trend in the next years. Retinopathy, among the different diabetic complications, is the second cause (being cataract the first) of legal blindness in the industrialized countries. The range of results obtained from prevalence studies, mainly conducted in Anglo-saxon countries, varies from 5% to 70% in connection with the following risk factors: patient's age at the diagnosis date, duration of disease, metabolic control, arterial hypertension and lipidoproteinosis. Smoke and alcohol do not seem to be statistically relevant. The most probable mechanisms causing the retinopathy onset have been identified in the tissue hypoxia and in the vascular occlusion: the former is induced by the HA1c increase associated with hyperglycaemia; this is due to structural and hemorheologic alterations associated with diabetes syndrome. This study analysis the relations between diabetic retinopathy and beta-cellular reserve and cardio-vascular risk factors. 181 diabetics have been considered, subdivided into three groups: Type I diabetics and Type II diabetics and Type II diabetics (both without considering the duration of disease) and diabetics with over 10 years of disease. In each group the correlations between retinopathy severity and cardiovascular risk factors and beta-cellular reserve have been investigated. The results confirm that patient's age, duration of disease and metabolic control are statistically significant in relation to retinal lesion severity. The investigation on beta-cellular reserve, even though the results are not statistically significant, presents a trend towards lower values in more severe retinopathy.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy]. 248 33

The purpose of this overview is to promote an interest in understanding and reducing the possible occupational health risks of microwave radiation on the eye. Microwaves act on living tissue through two types of mechanisms, thermal and nonthermal. Lens opacities can be induced in experimental animals at relatively high intensities (power densities greater than 100 mW/cm2). For lower intensities, lens changes may depend on the cumulative dose. At "nonthermal intensities", microwaves can act as a trigger and set off changes in the living tissues (e.g. Ca++ efflux). Some cataract-causing agents (alloxan and galactose) act synergistically with microwaves. Microwaves also accelerate formation of cataracts due to diabetes. The corneal endothelium can be damaged by microwaves alone or in combination with some drugs. Microwave degeneration of retinal nerve endings and a small increase in retinal permeability were also found in animals. The effect of long-term low-intensity microwave exposure on the human lens remains poorly understood. Several reports have implicated occupational microwave exposure as a factor in increasing the rate of lens aging and retinal injury in microwave workers. In Canada, recommended microwave exposure limits are set at 25 mW/cm2 for microwave workers and at 1 mW/cm2 for the general public (both averaged over 1 minute). The Australian microwave exposure safety standard (1985) recommends pre- and post-employment eye examinations for workers.
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PMID:Effects of microwave radiation on the eye: the occupational health perspective. 248 31

We have measured the free epsilon amino groups in soluble and insoluble proteins of clear human lenses and diabetic and non-diabetic senile cataractous lenses. The free epsilon amino groups content of soluble and insoluble proteins was significantly lower in diabetic cataracts than in clear lenses and non diabetic senile cataracts. Our results seem to demonstrate that non-enzymatic glycosylation of lens protein could play a role in the pathogenesis of cataract in diabetes.
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PMID:[Role of the non-enzymatic glycosylation of protein in the formation of human cataracts]. 250 14

A patient developed proliferative retinopathy after more than 60 years of complication-free diabetes. This may have been precipitated by an episode of ketosis or by cataract extraction, and emphasizes the need for persistent vigilance in examination for retinopathy.
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PMID:Proliferative retinopathy after 60 years of complication-free diabetes. 252 81


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