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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a rare epileptic syndrome, observed in various cortical lesions and also in metabolic disorders. We report the case of a 57-year-old patient with EPC as the first manifestation of hyperosmolar non-ketotic hyperglycaemia (NKH) of diabetes mellitus. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were normal. Initial laboratory data revealing serum glucose 1540 mg/dl, and serum osmolality 391 mOsm/l confirmed the diagnosis. Electroencephalography (EEG) showed ictal discharges in the ipsilateral hemisphere during focal seizures. Seizures are resistant to anticonvulsant treatment and respond best to insulin and rehydration. Focal motor seizures or EPC are commonly a symptom of NKH in the elderly patients. We recommend that in such cases a metabolic disorder such as diabetes mellitus be ruled out.
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PMID:Non-ketotic hyperglycaemia presenting as epilepsia partialis continua. 1512 Nov 37

A review of 22 patients who presented with the syndrome of epilepsia partialis continua as symptoms of hyperglycemia and occurred during the phase of hyponatremia and mild hyperosmolality. Epilepsia partialis continua persisted for an average of 9 days,and its duration correlated with the degree of hyponatremia, low blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and measured serum osmolality. In all patients, epilepsia partialis continua was the first symptom leading to the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The epilepsia partialis continua ceased by normalization of blood glucose level. All patients survived and did not have any complications. The majority of the patients had evidence of a localized structural brain lesions and low serum sodium. Metabolic abnormalities including hyperglycemia,mild hyperosmolality and hyponatremia contribute to the development of epilepsiapartialis continua in an area of focal brain damage. It is important to determine blood glucose levels in all cases of epilepsia partialis continua.
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PMID:Epilepsia partialis continua as a manifestation of hyperglycemia. 1608 15

Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a rare epileptic syndrome, presenting as continuous focal motor seizures for a period of minutes, hours, or days. EPC may develop in patients with cerebral cortical lesions and occasionally may develop in patients with metabolic disorders, such as nonketotic hyperglycemia (NKH). Here, we report a case of EPC following NKH, showing an unusual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding of concurrent hypointensity on susceptibility-weighted image (SWI) and T2-weighted image (T2WI) with leptomeningeal and cortical enhancement, which have never been reported. A 68-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with a 3-day history of involuntary repeated contraction of the right side of the face and upper limb. Laboratory data revealed NKH of diabetes mellitus. Electroencephalography (EEG) was unremarkable. Brain MRI revealed focal cortical and leptomeningeal enhancement together with subcortical T2 shortening and SWI hypointensity of the left frontal operculum. She responded well for hyperglycemia and antiepileptic drug therapy. Follow-up brain MRI performed 1 week later showed complete resolution of the abnormal signal and enhancement in the same region. Although EPC caused by NKH occurs rarely, it may result in an MRI abnormality of subcortical hypointensity on SWI and T2WI with leptomeningeal and cortical enhancement, which may be misinterpreted as other brain pathologies. Rapidly recognition is important because timely treatment with hydration and correction of hyperglycemia can lead to better outcome. We recommend such cases of metabolic disorder (such as hyperglycemia) for early consideration, particularly in the elderly.
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PMID:Unusual Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abnormality in Nonketotic Hyperglycemia - related Epilepsia Partialis Continua. 3025 68