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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Detachment of the posterior vitreous can cause clinically significant retinal hemorrhage. Two patients with acute posterior vitreous detachment had massive retinal hemorrhages overlying the optic disks. These absorbed in time without sequealae. A third patient had numerous small blot hemorrhages scattered near the optic disk and macula. A fourth patient presented with a small macular hemorrhage causing temporary visual loss. All patients had moderately severe myopia and were in good health without hypertension or diabetes. There was no history of trauma or Valsalva maneuver. Hematologic and coagulation studies were normal. These cases indicate that retinal hemorrhages due to posterior vitreous detachment may be strikingly large, multiple, and, when involving the macula, cause temporary visual loss.
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PMID:Retinal hemorrhages in posterior vitreous detachment. 120 97

A total of 30 eyes of 19 patients with type I diabetes, varying severity of retinopathy, and no posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) were studied clinically, and vitreous examination was performed by preset lens biomicroscopy. Follow-up was 4.0-7.5 years. A total of 15 eyes underwent panretinal laser photocoagulation (PRP) and 15 eyes were left untreated. The incidence of PVD was 8 of 15 353%) after PRP and 1 of 15 (7%) in untreated eyes (P less than 0.02). Minimal vitreous hemorrhage occurred in 4 of 7 treated eyes (57%) that did not develop PVD and in only 2 of 8 (25%) that did. In treated eyes with no history of vitreous hemorrhage, the incidence of PVD was 6/9 (67%); in treated eyes with minimal vitreous hemorrhage at any time, it was 2/6 (33%). In treated eyes, the presence of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) high-risk characteristics was equally frequent in eyes that developed PVD as in those that did not. These data suggest that PVD occurs following PRP, independent of the severity of diabetic retinopathy or prior vitreous hemorrhage.
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PMID:Posterior vitreous detachment following panretinal laser photocoagulation. 231 46

The vitreoretinal relationship in 59 eyes with asteroid bodies was studied by biomicroscopy with the El Bayadi-Kajiura lens. Complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) occurred less often in eyes with asteroid bodies than in control eyes (P less than .05), and partial PVD occurred more often than in control eyes (P less than .01). In eyes with asteroid bodies after the age of 70 years, the prevalence of PVD, either complete or partial, was lower than in age-matched control eyes (P less than .01), and the prevalence of liquefaction (19%) was lower than has been reported in controls. Of eight eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and asteroid bodies, only one showed partial PVD. Patients who were diabetic and who had asteroid bodies were significantly younger than patients without diabetes with asteroid hyalosis (P less than .01). Our data suggest that the presence of asteroid bodies may arrest the process of vitreous collapse or contraction and that diabetes might influence the development of asteroid hyalosis.
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PMID:Asteroid hyalosis: posterior vitreous detachment and diabetic retinopathy. 363 36

The vitreoretinal relationships in 1021 eyes of 570 patients with diabetic retinopathy and in 857 normal eyes were studied retrospectively in an attempt to identify the vitreous changes specifically related to diabetes. Complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) occurred in diabetic patients largely as part of the aging process, but proliferation interfered with its development. Complete PVD with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy in the younger age groups was more prevalent in eyes treated by panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) than in untreated eyes and thus might have an association with PRP treatment. Partial PVD, seen mainly in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, had no correlation with aging. In the eyes of patients who were younger when diabetes was diagnosed, the development of partial PVD had a close correlation with the duration of diabetes. The data suggest the need for a clinical trial of early photocoagulation, before partial PVD develops, in younger-onset diabetic patients showing early proliferative changes.
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PMID:Role of the vitreous in diabetic retinopathy. I. Vitreous changes in diabetic retinopathy and in physiologic aging. 372 19

Early vitrectomy was carried out in 22 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and evidence of partial vitreous detachment in 17 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. All the eyes had undergone panretinal laser photocoagulation, and all had a visual acuity of 6/12 or better, but 13 had had a vitreous hemorrhage. After a mean follow-up period of 29 months 19 of the eyes had retained the same visual acuity, 18 had been free of renewed vitreous hemorrhage for 6 months, there had been no macular retinal detachments and all the anterior segments were normal. The three instances of persistent visual loss were due to recurrent vitreous hemorrhage.
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PMID:"Early" vitrectomy for vasoproliferative retinopathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 618 59

Of 52 patients (39 women and 13 men; mean age, 65 years) with idiopathic macular cysts or holes, 17 had bilateral involvement. During a mean follow-up period of 28 months, 50% of the macular cysts progressed to holes. Eight of nine eyes with cysts and visual acuities of 6/15 (20/50) or worse at the initial examination developed holes. No holes developed in eyes that had not had cysts at the initial examination. This demonstrated the importance of examining the fellow eye when making a prognosis. Posterior vitreous detachment was present in all the eyes with macular holes and absent in all the eyes with macular cysts at the initial examination. Whenever a cyst progressed to a hole, posterior vitreous detachment also developed. Twenty-five patients had systemic hypertension, 31 had undergone a hysterectomy, taken systemic estrogen, or both, three had adult-onset diabetes mellitus, and 12 smoked cigarettes.
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PMID:Clinical features of idiopathic macular cysts and holes. 709 Dec 63

To ascertain the risk of the development of bilateral idiopathic preretinal macular fibrosis, we retrospectively studied 380 consecutive patients with idiopathic preretinal macular fibrosis. Eighty (21%) patients had bilateral involvement. Sixteen (39%) of 41 patients with diabetes, 40 (28%) of 144 with hypertension, and 12 of 21 (57%) with bilateral high myopia had bilateral involvement. The prevalence of bilateral involvement was significantly higher in patients with these three pathologies than in patients without these conditions (p < 0.01, p < 0.02 and p < 0.01, respectively). In patients with diabetes or hypertension, no significant difference was found in the prevalence of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) between involved or uninvolved eyes. Diabetes, hypertension even without retinopathy, and high myopia may be risk factors for bilateral involvement of idiopathic preretinal macular fibrosis. Factors other than PVD may be involved in the development of idiopathic preretinal macular fibrosis in patients with diabetes or hypertension.
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PMID:Risk of bilateral idiopathic preretinal macular fibrosis. 771 52

We retrospectively reviewed the eyes of 143 patients with tractional retinal detachment caused by diabetes that had been studied biomicroscopically, and, after some exclusions, divided them into two groups: those with retinal breaks (group 1) (16 patients, 16 eyes), and those without retinal breaks (group 2) (127 patients, 161 eyes). The group 1 eyes were further divided into three subgroups: those with retinal tears from limited anteroposterior vitreous traction (subgroup A), those with macular holes in an area without posterior vitreous detachment (subgroup B), and those with oval retinal holes anterior to the anteroposterior vitreous traction (subgroup C). Subgroup C comprised most of the eyes in group 1 (10 eyes) and was the only subgroup that we compared with group 2. Significant differences between subgroup C and group 2 were found in terms of the extent of tractional retinal detachment (P = .002) and the degree of preretinal fibrosis (P = .009). These data suggest that large tractional retinal detachments and extensive preretinal fibrosis are significant risk factors for the development of retinal breaks in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
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PMID:Retinal breaks in diabetic retinopathy: vitreoretinal relationships. 789 63

Patients with diabetes experience vitreous degeneration, characterized by "precocious" liquefaction and posterior vitreous detachment. Biochemical studies have detected that hyperglycemia alters vitreous collagen, changes that might be responsible for the observed vitreous degeneration. This study was undertaken to identify if there are morphological changes within the vitreous of diabetic patients that are consistent with the biochemical data and to identify how these could underlie the observed clinical phenomena. Ten eyes from 5 humans (4 normals aged 6, 11, 56, 82; 1 aged 9 with type I diabetes) were obtained at autopsy. Eyes were dissected in the fresh state and studied by dark field slit microscopy without fixatives or dyes. In normals, a transition was observed from a homogeneous structure in youth to one that contained fibers in middle-age, which degenerated and were associated with significant liquefaction in old age. In the diabetic child, the vitreous structure contained prominent fibers whose appearance was similar to middle-aged normals and not the age-matched controls. This study characterizes the morphological manifestations of precocious senescence of vitreous in a patient with diabetes. The abnormal vitreous fibers are likely the result of biochemical changes in collagen that are related to hyperglycemia--a phenomenon that could be inhibited by drug therapy.
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PMID:Abnormalities of human vitreous structure in diabetes. 831 14

To describe a new and effective technique, hydroseparation, for use in detaching the posterior cortical vitreous from the retina by the simple injection of fluid into the subhyaloid space. This technique was used in 7 eyes of 6 patients with diabetic retinopathy who had limited posterior vitreous detachment. Following core vitrectomy, a 32 gauge cannula was inserted into the subhyaloid space and a balanced salt solution (BSS) was injected. The injected fluid spread easily to the periphery, causing the vitreous cortex to be smoothly separated, except for areas with firm vitreoretinal adhesion. In those areas, we also used microscissors to separate the tissue. No iatrogenic retinal break occurred in any case. This simple technique, which exerts minimal traction force on the retina, was safe and useful for inducing posterior vitreous detachment in patients with diabetes.
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PMID:A new technique for separation of posterior vitreous in vitreous surgery. 1092 88


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