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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Analysis of complications in 1000 cases of primary posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation done, during a period of one year was undertaken for the study. The cases included uncomplicated as well as those with various associated conditions like diabetes, traumatic cataracts, complicated cataracts, myopia and developmental cataracts. The important postoperative complications were uveitis (9%), endophthalmitis (0.5%), malposition of IOL (2.8%) and cystoid macular edema (0.3%). Posterior capsule opacification was seen in 11.5% of cases and was treated by YAG laser capsulotomy. More than 80% cases had 6/6-6/12 vision. In our experience posterior chamber IOL implantation has become an extremely successful and satisfying procedure along with the availability of YAG laser facility to manage posterior capsule opacification.
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PMID:Analysis of complications in 1000 cases of posterior chamber intra ocular lens implantation. 258 86

The study material comprised 60 patients treated at the Clinic of Ophthalmology PMA in Szczecin, in the years from 1981 to 1984 due to uveitis. In the patients routine laboratory examinations were performed and extended by additional ones in the direction of diseases being of rheumatoidal type, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, diabetes and focal infections. All the patients had rosette tests of E, EA, EAC prior to treatment and after 30 days of therapy. The patients were divided at random into 2 groups with 30 persons each. Apart from typical treatment for uveitis the group I was given the FIBS preparation. The clinical picture failed to reveal any significant differences between the groups of patients. It was observed that the count of lymphocytes T and B in the peripheral blood was disturbed. After the applied treatment changes were recorded in the count of lymphocytes T and B, the shiftings in the group of patients, having been treated with FIBS, were marked more distinctly, particularly in the count of lymphocytes T.
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PMID:[Evaluation of the effect of treatment with FIBS preparation on the clinical state and various parameters of the immune system in patients with uveitis]. 263 96

The implantation of an artificial lens into the retropupillary space, be it the sulcus ciliaris or the capsular bag, has proved to be a safe procedure in the vast majority of cases. However, posterior chamber lens implantation invariable provokes some intraocular inflammatory reaction, though in general only a clinically insignificant one. Occasionally, serious reactions may occur, such as fibrinous exsudates, "toxic lens syndrome", UGH syndrome, and the "intermittent white-out" syndrome. Lens-induced, IOL-induced, or even microbe-induced uveitis or endophthalmitis have also been seen. The clinical pictures of such complications are described. Prophylaxis and appropriate therapeutic measures are outlined. With regard to postoperative inflammatory reactions whose etiology is unclear, the potential role of the following factors is discussed: lens material, lens manufacturing technology, sterilization, and sulcus fixation vs. capsule fixation. Presently, there is no evidence of any obvious relationship between these factors and major inflammatory responses. However, patients suffering from glaucoma, diabetes, or uveitis seem to be more prone to significant postoperative reactions than others. Generally, in cases of unusual intraocular inflammation following posterior chamber lens implantation, the various clinical pictures described here should be taken into consideration. The possibility of a slowly developing microbe-induced endophthalmitis should not be overlooked.
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PMID:[Intraocular inflammatory reactions following implantation of a retropupillary lens]. 330 12

Of 340 patients with anterior uveitis, 20 (6%) had diabetes mellitus. This is significantly higher than the prevalence of 1.4% in the normal Dutch population (P less than .001). Of 128 patients with idiopathic anterior uveitis, 16 (12.5%) had diabetes mellitus compared to only four (1.9%) of 212 patients with anterior uveitis with an established specific ocular diagnosis (P less than .001). Of the 16 diabetic patients with idiopathic anterior uveitis, ten (63%) had type I diabetes mellitus and 12 (75%) suffered from severe diabetic complications as angiopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. The onset of diabetes mellitus preceded the onset of anterior uveitis in all cases. Whether or not uveitis in diabetic patients is a true inflammation rather than an ischemic phenomenon is still unknown.
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PMID:Uveitis and diabetes mellitus. 339 64

In the course of 2943 autopsies, during which the eyes were also removed, investigations were carried out concerning inflammatory lesions of the posterior uveal tract. Posterior uveitis was found in 202 cases (6.9%) of subjects whose mean age was 74.5 years. In 98% of the cases this was a non-granulomatous inflammation. The frequency of the associated systemic diseases in the cases of uveitis was compared with the frequency of such diseases in an accurately chosen control group. The results of our investigation showed that diabetes mellitus and inflammatory diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis, myocarditis, endocarditis and hepatitis are more frequently found in patients with uveitis.
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PMID:[Posterior uveitis in systemic diseases. A pathologic and epidemiologic study]. 348 60

Chronic debilitating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, demyelinating inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type I, Hashimoto thyroiditis, forms of uveitis and interstitial nephritis, share many characteristics. They are all organ-specific inflammatory diseases of unknown etiology but with strong evidence of tissue-destructive activity of the cellular immune system in the organs respectively affected, i.e. the central or peripheral nervous system, the joints, the islets of Langerhans, the thyroid gland, the retina, or the tubulo-interstitial renal tissue. Recognized animal models of all these diseases are experimentally induced autoimmune conditions that are transferable with autoreactive T-lymphocytes, in contrast to autoantibodies in humoral autoimmune diseases. In recent years, disease-transferring T-lymphocytes, have been successfully grown as lines and clones in vitro, thus finally proving the primary pathogenic role of autoreactive T-lymphocytes in these animal models. Such T-cell lines are valuable tools in further defining autoantigens, studying mechanisms of T-cell activation in vitro, following T-cell migration and organ-specific homing in vivo, and analyzing effector functions in the infiltrated organs. In addition, questions concerning the breakdown of immunological selftolerance and the basic principles of resistance to disease can be addressed, and possibilities of treatment can be approached. Although the basic etiology of the human organ-specific immune diseases is still unknown, these animal models have helped to throw light on some of the pathogenic mechanisms common to these various diseases.
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PMID:[The role of T-lymphocytes in organ-specific autoimmune diseases]. 349 35

Cyclosporine is an 11 aminoacid cyclic peptide of fungal origin endowed with potent immunosuppressive activity. Unlike the conventional immunosuppressants, cyclosporine does not interfere with DNA metabolism, but it selectively and reversibly inhibits lymphocyte T-helper activation by inhibiting the production of interleukin-2 which plays a role in immune response development. Cyclosporine has little effect on lymphocytes B and does not modify the production of antibodies when it is in progress. The drug is effective in preventing spontaneous or autoantigen-induced auto-immune diseases in animals. The best studied models are experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, uveitis in the rat and spontaneous diabetes of BB rats. However, cyclosporine has no effect on diseases exclusively due to the pathogenic action of antibodies, such as spontaneous thyroiditis of the obese chicken. It is also possible to obtain a curative effect, this type of model being nearer to therapeutic conditions in humans than the previous models.
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PMID:[Cyclosporin and autoimmune diseases. 1: Experimental bases]. 355 Sep 87

The effectiveness of cyclosporin against human auto-immune diseases has been well established in uveitis, rheumatoid arthritis and insulin-dependent diabetes. No firm conclusion can be drawn from trials conducted in other diseases, since the results are discordant or based on an insufficient number of subjects. In view of the side-effects, and notably the risk of nephrotoxicity, of the drug, the blood levels of cyclosporine must be measured and the patient's renal function evaluated at regular intervals. For the time being, these risks reduce the prescription of cyclosporin to the severe forms of autoimmune diseases, i.e. those which resist conventional corticosteroid therapy. Things are different with diabetes, since cyclosporin is the only immunosuppressant which has proved effective in inducing remissions. But whether such remissions can be maintained in the long term remains uncertain, and this type of treatment is still limited to therapeutic trials.
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PMID:[Cyclosporin and autoimmune diseases. 2: Human autoimmune diseases]. 355 Sep 88

The present study is a two year-follow up of 105 eyes (including 27 aphakic eyes), operated on retinal detachment by silicone oil injection after pars plana vitrectomy. This procedure was chosen either as an initial treatment (37 eyes) or after a classical treatment by external indentation had failed (68 eyes). All cases of retinal detachment were of bad prognosis: macular hole, massive periretinal proliferation, isolated or associated with a tear. Cases of vitrectomy with silicone injection for proliferative retinopathy due to diabetes or hemoglobinopathy were excluded. Operations were performed under a surgical microscope with the help of a corneal contact lens (Goldmann, Kl oti or O' Malley ). Functional and anatomical results, as well as complications, were evaluated at least 2 years after treatment. In 24,7% of cases, vision was improved as compared to preoperative visual acuity. Cataract was a constant complication in all phakic eyes, as silicone oil had not been removed within the first 6 months. Intraocular hypertension developed frequently both in phakic and in aphakic eyes (29,5 and 33% of cases, respectively) and responded poorly to medical or surgical treatment. Other complications occurred less frequently. They were corneal edema, conjunctival hyperemia and uveitis. Pain imposed the evisceration of 2 eyes. These complications were the consequence of silicone oil toxicity and/or the mechanical effects of intraocular oil. Besides treatment-associated complications, early (36 during the first 6 months) as well as late (2 between the 12th and 18th months) recurrences of retinal detachment were observed. In contrast to these fair functional results, anatomical results were good in most cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Treatment of retinal detachment by vitrectomy and injection of silicone oil. Long-term results and complications in 105 cases]. 647 Apr 12

We studied 20 patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. They represented 3.7% of referred patients with uveitis. American Indian ancestry appears to be the link to Oriental racial type. Five patients had a forme fruste retinal detachment. After extensive treatment with corticosteroids, detachments flattened within an average of two to three months. Anterior inflammation continued to persist chronically. Seven of our patients had retinal vasculitis. Pregnancy had a beneficial effect on disease activity. Those patients with diabetes mellitus and sickle cell hemoglobin did not have an adverse effect. Visual outcome was good; of 20 patients, 16 had visual ascuity of 6/21 (20/70) in at least one eye.
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PMID:Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. 719 Mar 60


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