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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study of bacteriuria was conducted among 426 of the 436 children under the age of 13 in a general practice in north-west London. Three girls and one boy were found to have asymptomatic bacteriuria, and a further girl with bacteriuria presented with abdominal pain and fever. The calculated incidence of urinary tract infection was 1.4% per annum. Most of the childhood urinary infections in this practice occurred before the age of 5 years, and the incidence of significant bacteriuria in this age group was 4.9% per annum. Five other children (four girls and one boy) in the practice were known to have had proved urinary tract infection. Of the total of eight children known to have had significant bacteriuria and investigated radiologically, three girls and two boys had radiological abnormalities in the urinary tract.Pyuria and proteinuria did not prove to be useful in the prediction of asymptomatic bacteriuria. Urinary tract infection with renal tract abnormality was found in this practice to be at least five times as common as diabetes in childhood.
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PMID:Study of childhood urinary tract infection in general practice. 544 Feb 35

In a pilot project 2,122 schoolchildren were screened for symptomless urinary tract disease by the examination of midstream urine specimens. These were tested for albumin, blood, and glucose with Labstix commercial strips, together with microscopy for abnormal cellular excretion.One case of renal glycosuria was found but none of previously undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. Out of 1,096 boys, 11 (1%) had pyuria-a leucocyte count greater than 10/cu.mm.-but only four showed abnormal counts on retesting. None had urinary tract infection.Out of 1,026 girls, 96 (9.3%) had pyuria initially but 35 were normal on retesting. Of the remaining 61 girls, 59 attended the outpatients department for further investigation, and in 30 vulvitis appeared to be the sole cause. Ten were proved to have significant bacteriuria and six of them showed radiological abnormalities.It is suggested that careful long-term studies are needed to study the economics and the implications of screening on a national scale.
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PMID:Prevalence of symptomless urinary tract disease in Birmingham schoolchildren. I. Pyuria and bacteriuria. 579 Feb 70

Ceftizoxime (CZX), a parenteral cephalosporin derivative belonging to the so-called third generation cephalosporin is reported to have a broad antibacterial activity, particularly against Gram-negative aerobic bacilli and some anaerobes, such as Bacteroides fragilis and a good stability to beta-lactamases. Clinical study was performed on a total of 20 cases, 9 females (1 case had urinary tract infection 3 times) and 11 males, aged from 27 to 82 years. All patients had the underlying diseases. They were bronchial asthma in 3 cases, influenza in 1, chronic pulmonary emphysema in 1, pulmonary fibrosis in 1, chronic bronchitis with strongyloidiasis in 1, lung cancer in 3, esophagus cancer in 2, stomach cancer in 1, hepatoma with urolithiasis in 1, liver cirrhosis with diabetes mellitus in 1, alcoholism with strongyloidiasis in 1, cholelithiasis in 1 and congestive heart failure in 1, respectively. Clinical diagnoses for infections were 2-acute bronchitis, 2-exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, 2-broncho-pneumonia, 2-pneumonia including one suspected case, 1-obstructive pneumonia, 2-secondary pulmonary infection, 1-pulmonary infection, 3-urinary tract infection (UTI), 1-UTI with sepsis, 1-sepsis, 1-sepsis with purulent meningitis, 1-biliary tract infection and 1-infected bronchoesophageal fistula. CZX was given by intravenous drip infusion, at a dose of 1 to 2 g, twice daily for 3 to 15 days. Because of severity in infections and underlying diseases, some cases were treated either steroid, gamma-globulin preparations or other antibiotics in combination with CZX. Twelve out of 15 cases assessed clinically responded satisfactorily to the treatment and efficacy rate was 80.0%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effectiveness of ceftizoxime on various infections in patients with underlying diseases]. 609 Jul 23

Fifty-eight patients were treated with cefotaxime (CTX, Claforan) intravenously. Almost all patients (54 patients) had underlying diseases that were 16 cases of diabetes mellitus, 10 cases of respiratory diseases, 8 cases of cerebral vascular disturbance, 6 cases of renal diseases and blood diseases, 5 cases of carcinoma and hypertension, 4 cases of cholelithiasis, 3 cases of heart diseases and 7 cases of other diseases. The clinical efficacy of CTX in 34 cases of RTI, 11 cases of UTI, 8 cases of BTI and 5 cases of other infection was excellent in 11 cases, good in 27 cases, fair in 12 cases, poor in 4 cases and unclear in 4 cases. The over all clinical effectiveness was 70.4%. No adverse reaction was observed except for 2 cases (general fatigue in 1 case and eruption and itching in another). These results obtained should support the usefulness of CTX.
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PMID:[Clinical efficacy of cefotaxime in the field of internal medicine]. 632 49

Risk factors for nephrotoxicity in patients treated with aminoglycosides were determined from the case records of 214 patients in two prospective, randomized clinical trials of gentamicin and tobramycin. Nephrotoxicity, defined as a 50% or greater fall in calculated creatinine clearance, developed in 30 patients (14.1%). Patients with nephrotoxicity had higher initial calculated creatinine clearances, were more often women, and were more likely to have liver disease. Using stepwise discriminant analysis, these factors were selected with the initial 1-hour post-dose aminoglycoside level, patient age, and shock. An equation was generated that was accurate in discriminating between patients with and without nephrotoxicity when validated in an independent population. Factors that did not add significantly to the equation were diabetes, dehydration, serum bicarbonate, bacteremia, urinary tract infection, gentamicin or tobramycin use, duration of therapy, total aminoglycoside dose, or the use of clindamycin, furosemide, or cephalothin.
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PMID:Risk factors for nephrotoxicity in patients treated with aminoglycosides. 636 8

Diabetic patients are said to be prone to infections. Several studies of different host defense mechanisms report defects in individual granulocyte functions and cell mediated immunity, especially in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Diabetic females have an increased risk of developing urinary tract infections. This high susceptibility is probably due to local risk factors such as diabetic cystopathy and vaginitis, the latter being frequently associated with glucosuria. Urinary tract infections in diabetic individuals often have a complicated course which may be explained by the aforementioned compromised host defense mechanisms. Diabetics have an increased risk not only of lower, but also of upper urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections such as emphysematous cystitis and pyelonephritis, as well as papillary necrosis as a complication of pyelonephritis, are not uncommon in diabetic patients. Rapid recognition and management of such complicated urinary tract infections is important.
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PMID:[Urinary tract infection in the diabetic patient]. 637 86

The performance of a nurse practitioner, under the supervision of an internist, in managing inpatients in a rehabilitation hospital was assessed by comparison with three similar groups managed by internists. Criteria were chosen to reflect both quality of care and cost-effectiveness. The medical records of 25 patients discharged consecutively on each service were examined to determine length of stay, laboratory and x-ray costs per day, number of consultations, and mean score on six index conditions. The index conditions score was designed to reflect proper recognition and management of the following common medical problems: urinary tract infection, congestive heart failure, anemia, diabetes, hypertension, and hypokalemia. No statistically significant differences were found between the patient groups managed by the supervised nurse practitioner and the independent internists.
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PMID:Inpatient management by a nurse practitioner: effectiveness in a rehabilitation setting. 641 11

Analysis of 221 episodes of hospital-acquired bacteremic urinary tract infection in 4 hospitals of 1 metropolitan area from 1977 to 1981 revealed an over-all mortality rate of 30.8 per cent. The mortality rate attributed specifically to bacteremic urinary tract infection was 12.7 per cent. Of the 28 patients whose deaths were attributed directly to hospital-acquired bacteremic urinary tract infection 19 were on medical services and all had focal or diffuse central nervous system disease, malignancy, alcoholic liver disease or cirrhosis, advanced arteriosclerosis with renal failure and/or diabetes mellitus with obliterative peripheral vascular disease. Extrapolation of these data suggests that 3,520 deaths in the United States each year are directly caused by hospital-acquired bacteremic urinary tract infection but that these deaths may be limited virtually to high risk patients with poor prognoses from underlying diseases.
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PMID:Hospital-acquired bacteremic urinary tract infection: epidemiology and outcome. 647 Nov 84

The behavior of blood pressure was investigated in 65 transplantation (Tx) patients in a nephrological outpatient service for an average of 18.6 months after Tx. Before Tx 2/3 of the patients exhibited hypertension, after Tx this was reduced to 1/2. No correlation was found between behaviour of blood pressure and such factors as renal function, incidence of rejection episodes, prednisolonee dose, diabetes mellitus and urinary function, incidence of rejection episodes, prednisolon dose, diabetes mellitus and urinary tract infection of the Tx. Only in patients with glomerulonephritis as original renal disease there was in increased incidence of hypertension before and after Tx. Causes of hypertension are discussed and demonstrated in the case of Tx arterial stenosis.
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PMID:[Observation on the course of arterial hypertension after kidney transplantation]. 703 94

A 19-yr-old woman developed ketoacidosis 7 wk after the delivery of her first child. Despite breast feeding, she had been on a weight reduction diet resulting in a loss of 12 kg/body wt. With the development of a urinary tract infection, the patient became dehydrated and was found to be in ketoacidosis (arterial pH was 7.25 and PaCO2 was 17 mm Hg). The patient did not use alcohol and was nondiabetic. Therapy with adequate calories, intravenous fluids, and an appropriate antimicrobial agent resulted in prompt normalization of the laboratory abnormalities and resolution of the patient's symptoms. The hypothesis is advanced that the postpartum status of the patient put her at particular risk for development of ketoacidosis and that this may represent the first reported episode of "bovine ketosis" in a human.
Diabetes Care
PMID:"Bovine ketosis" in a nondiabetic postpartum woman. 714 Apr 99


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