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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Physical examination of nails was carried out in 210 elderly patients and nail scrapings were obtained from onychomycosis suggested lesions in order to determine their causative agents, incidence and clinical characteristics. Diagnostic was confirmed by the isolation of the agents from 74 patients, mainly from toe-nails (incidence 35.2). Tinea pedis occurred in 25% of the cases and Diabetes mellitus was the most prevalent associated disease and the most frequent clinical characteristics were the thickening, the opacity and the presence of longitudinal strias in the surface of the nails. It was compared the results obtained by microscopic examination and by culture. Trichophyton rubrum was the most common dermatophyte isolated; Candida parapsilosis was dominant among Candida species.
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PMID:[Clinico-mycological study of onychomycosis in elderly patients]. 827 50

Although neuropathies in the athlete's foot, ankle, and leg are uncommon, they are often underdiagnosed, primarily because of the complex interplay of causative factors. The physician should be aware of the possible occurrence of these neuropathies, and should be familiar with the anatomy and course of the nerves. Often, the problem only occurs during functional activity and cannot be demonstrated during the routine static examination. Other problems should also be considered when there is the possibility of a nerve compression syndrome. Metabolic processes, such as diabetes or abuse of alcohol, can certainly cause neuropathies. A double crush syndrome or pain from a higher source should also be considered. Finally, if surgery is done for chronic problems, only the area of constriction should be released, without interfering with the nerve itself. Release the fascia but leave the perineural fat intact. If instability is a factor, the joint should also be stabilized.
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PMID:Functional nerve disorders in the athlete's foot, ankle, and leg. 846 65

Chronic dermatophytosis was observed in 2276 (10.02%) of 22,692 patients with dermatophytosis during a period of 5.5 years. Males were affected at least 3 times more frequently than females. The age group most commonly affected was between 20 and 40 years of age. Females were affected more between the ages of 30 to 40 years. Tinea cruris and tinea corporis were the most common clinical types and tinea pedis was the least common type observed. The most frequent isolate was Trichophyton rubrum followed by T. mentagrophytes and T. violaceum. Ichthyosis vulgaris was the most common cutaneous association whereas atopy and diabetes mellitus were the most common systemic associations.
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PMID:Scenario of chronic dermatophytosis: an Indian study. 969

We conducted a prospective study among 62 hospitalized adults, to evaluate the factors that contribute to the development of cellulitis. The majority of patients had multiple possible predisposing factors, and the most common were: diabetes mellitus (31/62), history of cellulitis (30/62), edema (28/62), peripheral vascular disease (25/62), and skin changes suggestive of tinea pedis (20/62). A significant number of patients reported and were clinically noted to have dry skin (42/62). Large controlled studies are needed to evaluate whether aggressive control of possible risk factors can reduce the incidence of cellulitis.
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PMID:Cellulitis: evaluation of possible predisposing factors in hospitalized patients. 1045 85

Erysipelas is a bacterial infection of the deepest skin layer. Predisposing factors are systemic and/or local. Main systemic factors are alcoholism, diabetes and immunodeficiency. The main local factors are an Athlete's foot (tineapedis), venous or lymphatic stasis, prosthetic surgery of the knee, and a past history of saphenous phlebectomy, lymphadenectomy, or irradiation. Such predisposing factors account for the predominance of erysipelas in the lower limbs and for the frequency of recurrence. The prevention of recurrence is stressed by all authors, and would associate correct treatment of the disease, treatment of venous and lymphatic stasis and/or wounds. A preventive antibiotic treatment should be proposed to patients with multiple predisposing factors and frequent recurrence, by using prolonged therapy with Macrolides or Penicillin. Primary prevention could concern local and/or systemic predisposing factors; however its efficacy and necessity has yet to be demonstrated. The usefulness of nosopharyngeal streptococcal carriage eradication and/or vaccination has not demonstrated either.
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PMID:[Primary and secondary prevention for erysipelas]. 1131 67

To determine whether there is a higher frequency of mycotic infections due to dermatophytes in diabetics, 171 diabetic outpatients and 276 controls were recruited in the period 1997-98. Patients with suspicious lesions underwent mycological examination which was positive in seven diabetics and 17 controls. In diabetics the most frequent infection was tinea pedis, followed by distal subungual onychomycosis; the most frequently isolated fungus was Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The results of the study did not show a prevalence of dermatophyte infections in diabetics. No correlation was found between dermatophytosis and duration or type of diabetes and its complications, blood sugar levels or levels of glycosylated haemoglobin. None of the diabetic patients with dermatophytosis had complications related to diabetes and basal blood sugar and glycosylated haemoglobin levels indicated good metabolic control.
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PMID:Prevalence of dermatophytic skin and nail infections in diabetic patients. 1141 28

Superficial fungal infections are commonly encountered in dermatologic practices. Their incidence is increasing because of the use of immunosuppressive drugs, an aging population, and the increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Topical antifungal therapy typically has been the treatment of choice for uncomplicated dermatophytoses of the skin, such as tinea pedis and tinea cruris. However, these infections may be particularly difficult to treat in high-risk patients, such as those who have diabetes or who are HIV positive. In patients with HIV, dermatophytoses tend to be more extensive and generally require oral antifungal therapy. The allylamine terbinafine has a proven safety record and no significant drug interactions. We review the clinical experience with terbinafine in diabetic and HIV-positive subjects and conclude that terbinafine is safe and has a low drug interaction potential in these high-risk cohort studies.
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PMID:The safety and efficacy of terbinafine in patients with diabetes and patients who are HIV positive. 1149 31

Superficial fungal infections or tinea infections (also known as the dermatophytoses) are commonly encountered conditions in clinical practice, affecting the skin, hair, and nails. The most commonly prescribed modality to treat these infections is topical antifungal therapy. However, this method of treating tinea infections may be less convenient and efficacious in the immunocompromised patient. In such patients, skin infections are more difficult to treat because the disease is often more extensive and severe. Tinea infections of the hair and nails usually require oral therapy. Further, topical treatment is not as efficacious as oral antifungal therapy and, with the exception of the topical antifungal agent ciclopirox, is not indicated for the treatment of tinea unguium (onychomycosis). The 2 most frequently prescribed oral antifungal agents to treat onychomycosis are itraconazole and terbinafine. In the general population, both agents are effective in treating fungal nail infections; however, differences in the agents' mechanism of action and metabolic pathways result in differences in efficacy and drug-drug interaction potential. However, limited data exist on the use of these agents in immunocompromised patients for the treatment of onychomycosis and superficial tinea infections. The available efficacy data we have are limited to case reports or small pilot studies; thus, data supporting the efficacy of these agents for the treatment of tinea infections in the immunocompromised patient must be extrapolated from the general population. For safety issues, however, some postmarketing data exist supporting the safety of these agents in the diabetic and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients populations; indeed, both agents appear to be safe. However, one contrasting point between these 2 agents is drug interactions. Oral terbinafine, unlike itraconazole (a potent cytochrome P-450 [CYP] 3A4 inhibitor), has a relatively low potential for drug-drug interactions, making terbinafine a useful agent for the treatment of tinea infections in immunocompromised patients (e.g., those who are HIV positive and those with diabetes), who are likely to be receiving concomitant medications. Further, recently conducted studies of terbinafine for the treatment of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis infections in these high-risk patient groups also support efficacy claims and reemphasize its relatively safe profile and low potential for drug interactions. Additional studies in other immunocompromised patient populations may be useful to confirm recent studies and expand the potential use for this agent.
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PMID:Role of oral antifungal agents for the treatment of superficial fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. 1149 33

A prospective epidemiologic survey on the prevalence of foot disease in Hong Kong found foot disease in 64% of patients screened. All of the patients were ethnically Chinese. Of the conditions specified in the questionnaire, fungal foot infection, tinea pedis, and toenail onychomycosis were the most frequently encountered conditions, followed by metatarsal corns, eczema, psoriasis, and pes planus. Vascular disease, osteoarticular pathology, diabetes mellitus, obesity, atopy, and participation in sports were the main factors coexisting with the foot conditions. Of the study population, 17% and 21% reported that their quality of life was affected by pain and discomfort, respectively. These percentages are much lower than those obtained in other studies; it may therefore be inferred that foot complaints are being neglected by the ethnic Chinese population in Hong Kong.
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PMID:A prospective epidemiologic survey on the prevalence of foot disease in Hong Kong. 1223 66

Epidemiological studies on tinea pedis and onychomycosis have been performed across Europe and East Asia. The prevalence of these conditions was 20%, respectively, and it increased with advancing age, more men than women had fungal infection of the feet. The prevalent predisposing factors were sports participation, average temperature, and family history of tinea pedis. The predisposing diseases were hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and osteoarticular disease. We conducted an epidemiological investigation to determine the prevalence and circumstances of untreated and unsuspected tinea pedis and onychomycosis. The results showed that the prevalence of occult athlete's foot was 25%, and that 59% of those cases were complicated by tinea unguium. The characteristics of patients with occult athlete's foot included a higher proportion of men and a tendency toward a low clinical score together with a high severity score. In the patient background, a strong correlation was observed between a positive KOH test result and characteristics such as past history of tinea pedis and/or onychomycosis, age, disposition of toes, and predisposing disease, as well as the type of shoes worn daily. We suspected that a patient's local and systemic conditions affected each other, creating good conditions for tinea pedis and onychomycosis so that the prevalence has increased. More understanding of occult athlete's foot will lead to prevention and improvement in treatment and diagnosis.
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PMID:[Prevalence and patient's consciousness of tinea pedis and onychomycosis]. 1461 89


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