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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study was made of diabetic retinopathy in acromegaly. 10 of 15 patients with acromegaly had diabetes mellitus, and 3 of the 10 showed diabetic retinopathy. 2 of them had a diabetic family history. 1 patient with a diabetic family history had retinopathy of state IIIa in Scott's classification, and the other 2 showed a few microaneurysms and/or punctate hemorrhages in the macula. Diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy in acromegaly showed no correlation with the duration of acromegaly and diabetes mellitus, age, or growth hormone level. No diabetic cataract was found in the present series. It was concluded that diabetic retinopathy due to secondary diabetes mellitus is usually slight or moderate. Diabetes mellitus with severe retinopathy is probably primary diabetes due to a genetic defect, and secondary diabetes may be different in nature from the primary disease.
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PMID:Diabetic retinopathy in acromegaly. 63 58

Thirty-one growth-hormone-deficient dwarfs were re-examined after a period of 10 to 12 years. These subjects had initially shown glucose intolerance, insulinopenia and hyperlipidemia comparable to those of diabetic patients matched for age and sex, but vascular complications were not present in dwarfs. After 10 years glucose tolerance became progessively more abnormal in dwarfs than could be accounted for by expected deterioration with age, and hyperglycemia after mixed meals remained greater than in control subjects. Serum lipid and serum lipoprotein concentrations were abnormal in over one third of the dwarfs. Despite the metabolic similarity to the diabetic patients, clinical complications of diabetes were absent in dwarfs: retinopathy did not occur, and the prevalence of hypertension and arteriosclerosis was considerably lower in dwarfs than in the diabetic subjects in both study periods. The follow-up data support the hypothesis that growth hormone has at least a supportive role in the pathogenesis of vascular disease in the diabetic state.
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PMID:A follow-up study of vascular disease in growth-hormone-deficient dwarfs with diabetes. 65 62

Diabetic patients grouped according to the evolutive stages of their retinal involvement were examined by a direct method for estimation of segmental retinal blood flow by slit-lamp fluorophotometry. Initial stages of retinal involvement in diabetes, in which the only alteration is a breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier, show values of segmental blood flow that are within normal limits. Patients with a minimal background retinopathy show a slight increase in retinal blood flow, whereas an highly significant increase of segmental blood flow is observed in the more advanced stages of background retinopathy with maculopathy. In general, a good correlation is apparent between the progressions of diabetic background retinopathy and increase in retinal blood flow. On the other hand, patients with proliferative retinopathy show lower values of retinal blood flow, which are attributable to a marked decrease in arterial diameter.
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PMID:Studies on retinal blood flow. II. Diabetic retinopathy. 65 16

The incidence of HLA antigens B8, BW15, DW3 and DW4 was found to be significantly increased in 99 patients with growth onset, insulin-dependent diabetes of more than 15 years duration. Different degrees of retinopathy were seen in 75% of the patients. No significant correlation between the presence of specific HLA alleles and the stage of retinopathy was found. We have discussed the possibility that all patients who develop diabetes have identical disease-predisposing genes, irrespective of their HLA alleles. If this was the case, the HLA phenotype would not determine the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy.
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PMID:HLA phenotypes and diabetic retinopathy. 65 31

Platelet clumping was examined in untreated insulin-dependent and insulin-independent diabetics, with and without retinopathy. Hyperaggregation was noted, particularly in subjects with retinopathy and longstanding diabetes. Metformin normalised clumping in the course of mild diabetes.
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PMID:[Preliminary findings on 2 groups of diabetics with regard to platelet aggregation in relation to retinopathy and ultimate relation to antidiabetic therapy]. 66 85

95 diabetics with proliferative retinopathy were divided into two groups according to the type of diabetes, Group I consisting of 25 cases of growth-onset diabetes and Group II of 70 cases with maturity-onset diabetes. A distinct tendency was observed in Group II cases towards a shorter duration of diabetes prior to the manifestation of retinopathy, i.e. less than ten years. The pre-proliferative phase of the retinopathy is similar in duration and manifestation in both groups. There is no difference in the ophthalmoscopic findings or development of proliferative retinopathy either, except that its course is more aggressive in Group I, in contrast to the slower course with longer remissions seen in Group II cases. Thus, the basic characteristics of proliferative retinopathy appear to be independent of the form of diabetes, in keeping with the concept of diabetes mellitus as a single disease entity.
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PMID:[Proliferative retinopathy in growth-onset diabetes and in maturity-onset diabetes (author's transl)]. 66 12

After a brief analysis of the pathological picture of diabetic retinopathy, of which only the topographical distribution of the vascular lesions appears to be specific, the results obtained with 2 new methods of study of the retinal circulation, are presented. These methods are vitreous fluorophotometry and fluorometric determination of segmental retinal blood flow. Vitreous fluorophotometry has shown that a disturbance of the blood-retinal barrier, possibly functional, appears in diabetic eyes before any lesion is clinically visible in the fundus, and that there is a close correlation between the severity of the vascular lesions and higher vitreous fluorophotometry readings. Blood flow studies have shown that in diabetes the retinal blood flow increases markedly with progress of background retinopathy, decreasing finally where proliferative retinopathy, with marked arteriolar narrowing, is present. On the basis of these findings a working hypothesis for the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy is presented.
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PMID:Pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy. 66 82

The natural history of patients with glucose intolerance was observed in 334 patients during a period of 18 years. Glucose tolerance testing (100 g orally) was characterized by measurement of induced insulin secretion. Diabetic complications of retinopathy, sensory neuropathy, and renal disease developed only in the group of patients in whom the induced serum insulin peak fell below 60 mu U/ml. Preservation of an insulin secretory reserve that permitted serum insulin peaks of 60 muU/ml or greater was not associated with development of these complications or symptoms of insulin deficiency despite the presence of an equal degree of fasting hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance. A critical amount of insulin secretory reserve distinguishes between two qualitatively distinct clinical syndromes: true diabetes mellitus (the development of signs and symptoms of insulin deficiency) and the syndrome of pure resistance to insulin (signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia in the setting of adequate or excessive insulin secretion, frequently with obesity, but without diabetic complication).
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PMID:Insulin secretion in the diagnosis of adult-onset diabetes mellitus. 67 27

Using clearances of microaggregated iodinated human serum albumin in a serial 'stress test,' defective phagocytosis by the Kupffer cells has been demonstrated in diabetic patients with K.W. nephropathy and proliferative retinopathy. This indicates a disturbance of phagocytic cell function that has implications for the cellular pathology of microangiopathy. The effect is not due to uremia, but could be due to T3 deficiency or lipid deposition. In hypothyroidism, there is defective RES phagocytosis, and alcoholics with hyperlipidemia can have impaired clearances. Hence, patients with advanced diabetes, hypothyroidism, and some alcoholics are at risk from infection.
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PMID:Reticuloendothelial cell dysfunction in diabetes and hyperlipidemia. 69 80

Diabetic retinopathy was found to be present in 12 out of a group of 67 diabetic patients supervised by us during 92 pregnancies, and 3 further pregnant diabetics were referred to us because of retinopathy. The mean duration of diabetes was 13 years (range 3--25 years). Nine patients had minimal retinopathy, 2 had background retinopathy, and the remaining 4 proliferative retinopathy. The cases with minimal retinopathy showed no progression during pregnancy. In 1 patient with background retinopathy there was deterioration. Of the 4 patients with proliferative retinopathy 1 showed regression during the pregnancy, 2 showed advance and were treated with photocoagulation (these 2 patients now have normal vision), while the patient with extensive retinitis proliferans, with retinal detachment in both eyes and previous photocoagulation remained unchanged. The prognosis during pregnancy for patients with diabetic retinopathy is reasonable and has been improved by the advent of photocoagulation.
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PMID:Diabetic retinopathy and pregnancy. 70 Feb 70


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