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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Examinations of the lung vessels in diabetes of various degrees of severity and duration revealed changes in the vessels similar to diabetic microangiopathy in other organs (kidneys, skin). Manifestations of diabetic microangiopathy in the lungs are most marked in arterioles and capillaries of the alveolar septae. Diabetic microangiopathy in the lungs is characterized by phenomena of plasmorrhagy and insudation, thickening of capillary basal membranes, sclerosis and hyalinosis of capillary and arteriola walls, and accumulation of alveolar macrophages resorbing metabolism products in alveolar lumen. Diabetic microangiopathy leads to the development of alveolar septae sclerosis and to centrilobular pulmonary emphysema. As compared with the involvement of the vessels in the kidneys and the skin, manifestations of diabetic microangiopathy in the lungs lag in their development and are less manifest.
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PMID:[Morphological changes in the lung blood vessels in diabetes mellitus]. 42 38

Two elderly patients had a distinctive generalized, erythematous form of granuloma annulare. The granulomatous changes were shown to be located superficially in the dermis. One patient had diabetes mellitus and carcinoma of the breast. Both patients had pulmonary emphysema.
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PMID:Erythematous generalized granuloma annulare. 50 65

In a retrospective survey of 1,118 admissions for acute ischemic heart disease (AIHD) at St. Luke's Hospital in Malta in 1963-72, there were 945 (84.5%) cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 173 (15.5%) cases of acute coronary insufficiency (ACI). The proportion of patients with diabetes was 30.2% (30.7% in AMI, and 27.7% in ACI; age-corrected rates at greater than or equal to 40 years). This was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than the corresponding rate of diabetes (20.2%) in the general population of Malta. There was a significantly greater prevalence of diabetes among women than among men with AIHD: the proportion with diabetes was 50.0% among women with AMI and 41.3 among women with ACI. The diabetes was mostly of the maturity-onset type. The high frequency of AIHD among diabetics seemed to be chiefly attributable to the effects of the diabetic state, either directly or indirectly through its association with other risk factors: obesity, physical inactivity, excessive eating and high plasma cholesterol levels. Diastolic hypertension and chronic bronchitis and emphysema associated withe heavy smoking were no more common in diabetics than in nondiabetics with AMI.
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PMID:Diabetes as a coronary risk factor in Malta. 66 17

A case is reported of subcutaneous emphysema of the neck in association with emphysematous cystitis and uncontrolled diabetes. Problems in its management are discussed. Anatomic pathway for the spread of the gas from the bladder to the subcutaneous tissues of the neck and the back is speculated.
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PMID:Emphysematous cystitis presenting with subcutaneous emphysema. 74 51

Swedish twins have been followed for mortality since 1961, when the Swedish Twin Registry was formed. During the years 1961-73 there were 1290 deaths among twins born in 1901-25. In 1156 cases the cause of death could be established from collected records and classified according to the 1965 revision of ICD. Using the review of records as the standard, rates of detection and confirmation relating to the death certificate diagnoses were calculated. It is concluded that Swedish death certificate data are fairly valid for use in epidemiological studies and mortality statistics with regard to most cancer forms, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, bronchitis, asthma and emphysema, accidents and suicides, but not for diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, mental diseases, rheumatic heart diseases and other heart diseases. However, in selected clinical-epidemiological studies it is often necessary to collect all available documents prior to judging the cause of death.
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PMID:A validation of cause-of-death certification in 1,156 deaths. 97 Feb 29

The mortality experience of 5971 members of the British Diabetic Association (BDA) was followed-up for between five and eight years to mid-1973. Overall, 1207 deaths occurred compared with 778 expected from the mortality of the population of England and Wales in 1972. This excess of deaths was due almost entirely to diabetes mellitus and ischaemic heart disease. Deaths from cancer (128) were significantly fewer than expected (168), mainly because of a deficit in the number of deaths from cancers related to smoking (cancers of the buccal cavity and pharynx, oesophagus, respiratory system, and bladder). There was also a lower than expected mortality from chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Data on saccharin consumption by BDA members showed that more than half of them used saccharin tablets daily, with an overall daily intake of three to six tablets, depending on age and sex. Information on a small sample of survivors from the mortality study suggested that about 23% of them would have taken saccharin daily for 10 years or more and 10% for 25 years or more by the end of the follow-up. It was concluded that these relatively high levels of saccharin intake had not increased the risk of cancer in general among BDA members.
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PMID:Cancer mortality and saccharin consumption in diabetics. 97 34

According to a theory of the authors both senile osteoporosis and pathologic osteoporoses (rheumatic, in diabetes, bronchial asthma, pulmonary emphysema, portal hypertension and Cushing's disease) are due to disturbances of the circulation of the blood in bone. Every type of stasis in the sinusoids, be it due to reduced arterial supply or venous stasis or to a reduction of extravascular fluid-pressure will provoke an increase in osteoclastic activity and thus osteoporosis.
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PMID:[Osteoporosis -- due to reduced blood circulation of bone (author's transl)]. 121 86

The association of cigarette smoking and atherosclerorosis was investigated in 1320 autopsied men, 25--64 years of age. Aortic and coronary lesions were evaluated visually in coded specimens and objectively by analysis of radiographs. Using schedules that had been tested on pairs of living persons, interviewers obtained estimates of cigarette smoking habits of the deceased men from surviving relatives. Data were analysed for black and white men in the total sample of cases and also in groups according to the presence (selected disease group) or absence (basal group) of diseases thought to be associated with smoking (emphysema, lung cancer, etc.) or with coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, etc.). Atherosclerotic involvement of aorta and coronary arteries was greatest in heavy smokers and least in nonsmokers for both races in the total sample of cases, the basal group and the selected disease group.
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PMID:Cigarette smoking and atherosclerosis in autopsied men. 126 63

Many studies of age-related cognitive decline have failed to distinguish between usual and successful aging. Although some degree of cognitive impairment is associated with aging, when one looks at average performance, there is great variability among individuals, with many showing little or no deleterious effects of aging on intellectual abilities. Many of the risk factors for dementia and for conditions associated with cognitive impairments can be treated or controlled. Among the preventable causes of cognitive decline are the following: AIDS, Alcohol and drug abuse, Cerebrovascular disease, Exposure to organic solvents or lead, Head trauma, Overmedication, Syphilis. Other conditions that may cause cognitive decline can be controlled or treated: Atherosclerosis, Depression, Diabetes, Emphysema, High blood pressure, Obesity, Sleep disorders, Thyroid dysfunction. In addition, it may be possible to enhance the cognitive performance of even healthy elderly people through changes in diet and lifestyle. Recent data raise the possibility that improved prenatal and perinatal care and greater access to educational opportunities may result in a decreased incidence of dementia in future generations of older adults. Although they are rapidly becoming more numerous, the efficacy of cognitive training programs in preventing or slowing cognitive decline has not yet been demonstrated. Nevertheless, such programs may ameliorate cognitive impairment by reducing the psychiatric disabilities associated with anxiety and depression. The general principle underlying these strategies for limiting cognitive impairment with age is to maximize brain reserve and minimize brain damage.
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PMID:Preventing cognitive decline. 157 76

The relationship of stature with the prevalence of 18 chronic diseases or groups of diseases was analysed using data from the 1983 Italian National Health Survey, based on a sample of 63,859 individuals aged 20 or over randomly selected within strata of geographical area, size of the place of residence and of the household in order to be representative of the Italian population. Rate ratios (RR) were computed using multiple logistic regression, including terms for sex, age, geographical area, education and smoking. For 15 out of 18 diseases or groups of diseases the RR was below unity in the highest quartiles of height, and the inverse trends with stature were significant for 11 (diabetes, RR 0.90 for highest vs lowest quartile; heart disease, RR 0.92; chronic bronchitis and emphysema, RR 0.84; bronchial asthma, RR 0.70; anaemias, RR 0.70; liver cirrhosis, RR 0.62; urolithiasis, RR 0.76; renal insufficiency, RR 0.71; arthritis, RR 0.89; psychiatric and neurological disorders, RR 0.82). None of the diseases considered showed significant direct trends with height, but hypertension (RR 1.09 for the highest vs lowest quartile), haemorrhoids or varices (RR 1.09) and cancers (RR 1.22) tended to be elevated in the highest quartile of height. The generalised inverse relationship between height and prevalence of chronic disease suggests that poorer nutrition in childhood and adolescence is an unfavourable indicator for the subsequent occurrence of several diseases. Major exceptions were hypertension and varices, two conditions highly dependent on the pattern of health care utilization, and cancer.
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PMID:Height and the prevalence of chronic disease. 160 29


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