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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dementia affects up to 30% of stroke survivors 3 months after stroke. The goal of this study was to determine the risk factors of poststroke dementia (PSD) in a cohort of consecutive stroke patients in Poland. A standard stroke evaluation was conducted on admission in 220 consecutive patients with ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke after excluding 30 (12%) patients with prestroke dementia. After 3 months, the survivors completed a comprehensive neuropsychological examination. The DSM-IV definition was used for diagnosis of dementia. Dementia was diagnosed in 44 (22.6%) patients 3 months after stroke. In logistic regression analysis, age (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.04-1.14, p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.06-6.57, p = 0.03) and neurological deficit on admission (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.89-0.96, p < 0.001) were independently associated with PSD in the Polish hospital-based population.
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PMID:Predictors of poststroke dementia: results of a hospital-based study in poland. 1650 96

Standards for secondary prevention in patients after acute coronary syndromes have been recently published by the European Society of Cardiology. They do not differ between patients without or with renal failure, but it may be suggested that the later group deserves special attention and more aggressive treatment. Both after myocardial infarction and unstable angina, practically all patients are supposed to receive antiplatelet therapy, statins, beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. They also are submitted to intensive coronary risk factor modifications. In recently undertaken Polish registry study of secondary prevention in acute myocardial infarction/unstable angina survivors and post-revascularization patients (STOK--Standard Terapii i Opieki Kardiologicznej trial) over 31,000 records of individual patients discharged from internal disease or cardiologic wards in Poland in 2002 were gathered. When records of 2,780 patients with concomitant elevated serum creatinine were compared with data of 28,585 patients with normal renal function, some interesting conclusions were drawn. Firstly, the group of patients with suspected renal dysfunction was characterized with more often recognized: diabetes, heart failure and peripheral vessel disease. Secondly paradoxically--they were less often prescribed with antiplatelet drugs, statins, beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors. Thus theory do not translate into practice.
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PMID:[Renal failure in patients after acute coronary syndrome--does it change the standards? From theory to practice]. 1662 16

Recently, common noncoding variants in the TCF7L2 gene were strongly associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes in samples from Iceland, Denmark, and the U.S. We genotyped 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across TCF7L2 in 8,310 individuals in family-based and case-control designs from Scandinavia, Poland, and the U.S. We convincingly confirmed the previous association of TCF7L2 SNPs with the risk of type 2 diabetes (rs7903146T odds ratio 1.40 [95% CI 1.30-1.50], P = 6.74 x 10(-20)). In nondiabetic individuals, the risk genotypes were associated with a substantial reduction in the insulinogenic index derived from an oral glucose tolerance test (risk allele homozygotes have half the insulin response to glucose of noncarriers, P = 0.003) but not with increased insulin resistance. These results suggest that TCF7L2 variants may act through insulin secretion to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes 2006 Oct
PMID:Common single nucleotide polymorphisms in TCF7L2 are reproducibly associated with type 2 diabetes and reduce the insulin response to glucose in nondiabetic individuals. 1700 58

The common missense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) K121Q in the ectoenzyme nucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase (ENPP1) gene has recently been associated with type 2 diabetes in Italian, U.S., and South-Asian populations. A three-SNP haplotype, including K121Q, has also been associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in French and Austrian populations. We set out to confirm these findings in several large samples. We genotyped the haplotype K121Q (rs1044498), rs1799774, and rs7754561 in 8,676 individuals of European ancestry with and without type 2 diabetes, in 1,900 obese and 930 lean individuals of European ancestry from the U.S. and Poland, and in 1,101 African-American individuals. Neither the K121Q missense polymorphism nor the putative risk haplotype were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes or BMI. Two SNPs showed suggestive evidence of association in a meta-analysis of our European ancestry samples. These SNPs were rs7754561 with type 2 diabetes (odds ratio for the G-allele, 0.85 [95% CI 0.78-0.92], P = 0.00003) and rs1799774 with BMI (homozygotes of the delT-allele, 0.6 [0.42-0.88], P = 0.007). However, these findings are not supported by other studies. We did not observe a reproducible association between these three ENPP1 variants and BMI or type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes 2006 Nov
PMID:Common variants in the ENPP1 gene are not reproducibly associated with diabetes or obesity. 1706 59

Numerous reports of increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes worldwide, and similar tendency in children population in Poland prompted the study aiming at evaluating the incidence of type 1 diabetes in a population aged 15-29 years in Krakow area (voivodeship) in 1987-1999. The type 1 diabetes registry established in Chair and Department of Endocrinology CMUJ in 1986 was continued. To improve ascertainment two independent data sources were used: hospital departments and outpatient diabetic clinics. Definite inclusion criteria were assigned and data verified. Incidence rates and trends of incidence were calculated for gender and age groups, differences between the groups were analyzed. Incidence rates were standardized for the European population. The seasonality of disease occurrence was calculated. Registry ascertainment was assessed using "capture-recapture" method. Incidence of type 1 diabetes showed a significant increase in the whole group (0.32 new cases/100,000/year), mainly due to marked incidence increase observed in males (0.53). The oldest age group (25-29 years) showed the most rapid increase in diabetes type 1 incidence (1.07). Seasonality of disease occurrence was found in females. Mean ascertainment was 81%, with the lowest values in 1996-1999. The results obtained indicate that the increase of type 1 diabetes incidence in the age group 15-29 years in Krakow region was due to rapidly increasing incidence in males, especially those aged 25-29 years. Lack of disease occurrence seasonality in this group may indicate a role of other factors (associated with lifestyle or hormonal) responsible for such marked increase in young males, not seen in females. The study was terminated in 1999 due to new administrative division of the country and problems with data collection from the area of non-longer existing Krakow voivodeship.
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PMID:[Higher incidence of type 1 diabetes in males--a study in teenagers and young adults in Krakow region in 1987-1999]. 1727 69

An important question in human genetics is the extent to which genes causing monogenic forms of disease harbor common variants that may contribute to the more typical form of that disease. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the extent to which common variation in the six known maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) genes, which cause a monogenic form of type 2 diabetes, is associated with type 2 diabetes. Specifically, we determined patterns of common sequence variation in the genes encoding Gck, Ipf1, Tcf2, and NeuroD1 (MODY2 and MODY4-MODY6, respectively), selected a comprehensive set of 107 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that captured common variation, and genotyped each in 4,206 patients and control subjects from Sweden, Finland, and Canada (including family-based studies and unrelated case-control subjects). All SNPs with a nominal P value <0.1 for association to type 2 diabetes in this initial screen were then genotyped in an additional 4,470 subjects from North America and Poland. Of 30 nominally significant SNPs from the initial sample, 8 achieved consistent results in the replication sample. We found the strongest effect at rs757210 in intron 2 of TCF2, with corrected P values <0.01 for an odds ratio (OR) of 1.13. This association was observed again in an independent sample of 5,891 unrelated case and control subjects and 500 families from the U.K., for an overall OR of 1.12 and a P value <10(-6) in >15,000 samples. We combined these results with our previous studies on HNF4alpha and TCF1 and explicitly tested for gene-gene interactions among these variants and with several known type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci, and we found no genetic interactions between these six genes. We conclude that although rare variants in these six genes explain most cases of MODY, common variants in these same genes contribute very modestly, if at all, to the common form of type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes 2007 Mar
PMID:Evaluation of common variants in the six known maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) genes for association with type 2 diabetes. 1732 36

Diabetes mellitus is a progressive and complex disorder that is difficult to treat effectively in the long- term. The number of people with diabetes and other glucose impairments is increasing due to population growth, aging, urbanization, and physical inactivity. In Poland, it has been estimated that there are about two million people with diabetes, half of them are not aware of their illness. Hypoglycemia is the most common and potentially most serious adverse effect of pharmacotherapy in diabetes, regardless of the model of treatment. The potential risk factors for severe hypoglycemia in subjects with treated diabetes are: physical activity, lifestyle circumstances, irregular eating habits, drug interaction or shift work. Therefore, there is an urgent need to set criteria and recommendations for medical certification of individuals working or taking up the job connected with public safety, where diabetes could have a particularly important and dangerous impact.
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PMID:[Diabetes mellitus: an issue for medical certification]. 1734 Sep 89

The aim of the paper is to present the relation between the manner of nutrition, its consequences for [people's] health and the contents of Polish health programmes at the turn of the century. As far as quantity and quality are concerned, the nutrition manners in Poland of the second half of the 20th century were far from the accepted norms and recommendations. Changes of feeding habits which came after 1991 had many different consequences. In the discussed period occurence of diseases dependent on malnutrition, such as: diseases of cardiovascular system and neoplastic diseases and frequent occurence of diabetes and obesity, was intensified. It should be also stated that the nutrition issues in health programmes implemented in Poland of that period at different levels were not given proper consideration. The study ends with a comment and conclusions answering the question posed in the title which point to an urgent necessity to take some measures in the discussed field.
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PMID:[Does Polish public health strategy give consideration to the manner of nutrition and its consequences for health?]. 1747 24

In the last years an increased incidence of diabetes was observed in the whole world. It was estimated that in the year 2030 there will be around 300 million patients with diabetes. Diabetes, especially not adequately treated, develops serious chronic complications. The main aim of the therapy in diabetes is, as we know, to achieve a stable normoglycemia, normal levels of HbA1c, the prevention or inhibition of the progression of late consequences of diabetes. In the paper the authors discuss new more perfect insulins which enable a better imitation of the physiological rhythm of insulin secretion, the therapy with personal insulin pumps, the more perfect equipment for the appreciation and monitoring of the metabolic control. The authors present also the actual data about the transplantation of the pancreas, the islets and recently the beta cells alone. They enumerate also the inclusion and exclusion criteria for transplantation. The gene therapy is mentioned. The present possibilities of the therapy of type 2 diabetes are presented. It is stressed that in the year 2006 for the first time an expert crew was appointed to elaborate a prevention and therapeutical program for diabetes in Poland. The program was accepted by the Ministry of Health for realisation in the years 2006-2008. The authors conclude that in the recent years an enormous progress in the prevention, diagnostics and therapy in diabetes has been achieved. However, the time which should elapse to the moment when the complete success would be achieved is dependent on the further scientific progress the intensity of investigations in the whole world.
Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2007
PMID:Progress in the treatment of diabetes type 1 and 2. 1749 7

In the current decade, 2001 to 2010, the number of patients undergoing renal replacement therapy worldwide will increase from 1.5 to 2.5 mln. This requires considerable financial input, thus limiting treatment access in 90% to the inhabitants of North America, Europe and Japan, that constitutes less than 20% of the world's population. It is presumed that about 1 mln people die every year, a death rate which could be avoidable, were the proper funds for renal replacement therapy obtained. Over the last five years, Poland has joined the elite group of countries fully covering the needs in this respect. Modern nephrology gradually focuses on reducing the incidence of end-stage renal disease, through more effective treatment of diabetes, glomerulonephritis and polycystic kidney disease. Reducing morbidity and mortality rates in dialysis treatment and post-kidney transplant follow-up is another key issue. This overview discusses the modern options and perspectives to face those challenges.
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PMID:[Modern nephrology--new methods, new treatments and still numerous difficult challenges]. 1771 51


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