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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Health behaviour of a group of insulin-dependent diabetics and some factors influencing it have been described and analyzed. Aspects of health behaviour measured were: adherence to diet, insulin injection technique, urine self-testing and the pattern of action adopted in response to hypo- and hyperglycemia. Data were collected in 1975, from 170 insulin-dependent diabetics, aged 18-41, with known diabetes of from 6 months to 12 years duration. A standard questionnaire included items on health behaviour, knowledge of the disease and other factors. Of the subjects studied only 40% stated that they adhered to diet prescription. Occasional insulin injections were missed by 15%. Half the patients restricted diet or increased insulin dose in hyperglycemia but only 18% regularly tested urine for sugar. An important determinant of health behaviour was the level of understanding of the disease, which was found to be low among 58%. The present health education system for diabetic patients in Poland is discussed.
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PMID:Health behaviour and its determinants among insulin-dependent diabetics. Results of the diabetes Warsaw study. 68 Mar 11

We have carried out a comparison of the incidence of childhood onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) between five populations around the Baltic Sea. These were Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. The risk of IDDM is highest in the world in Finland and also very high in Sweden, on the western and northern side of the Baltic Sea. The risk of IDDM in children on the eastern side of the Baltic Sea has not been known before. The data collection period covered the years 1983-1988. A marked variation in incidence was seen within this relatively small geographical area. Among these five populations, the incidence increased with the latitude. Our present results confirmed the very high incidence of IDDM in Finland. The average age-standardized yearly incidence of IDDM/100,000 was in males under 15 years of age 36.9 in Finland, 10.7 in Estonia, 6.4 in Latvia, 6.5 in Lithuania and 6.0 in Poland. In females the incidence was 31.6, 10.0, 6.9, 7.0 and 6.4 in these five populations, respectively. The differential in incidence in Estonia as compared with Latvia, Lithuania and Poland was statistically significant (P = 0.0002). A slight male excess in incidence was found in countries with higher incidence--Finland and Estonia, but in lower incidence countries the sex ratio was opposite (P = 0.019 for the interaction sex-population). During 1983-1988 the incidence increased significantly in Finland but not in other populations although a large year-to-year variation in incidence was observed in each country, particularly in males. We recorded a peak in IDDM incidence in most of these populations around 1986.
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PMID:Comparison of the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in childhood among five Baltic populations during 1983-1988. 163 14

The objective of this work is to present the methodology and basic results of epidemiological studies, which facilitate the evaluation of risk of death from cardiovascular diseases in males of working age, exposed to risk factors related to this group of diseases, in comparison with females. The results revealed that in Poland, social and stressogenic factors determining strong negative life-styles play a significant part in shaping male mortality. These factors, acting in combination with high rates of hazards such as smoking, arterial hypertension, obesity and diabetes, significantly increase mortality from cardiovascular diseases.
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PMID:The risk of death from cardiovascular diseases in the male population of working age in Poland. II. Epidemiological observations and basic results. 181 41

A model of management of pregnant diabetic patients is proposed. Such a model has been implemented at the Voivodeship Out-patient Clinic for Diabetics. Proposed model includes recent data on diabetes mellitus complications and the effect of coexisting diseases on the mother and fetus health. Management was adapted to the real and potential possibilities of health service in Poland. A decrease in the rate of mortality of fetuses under 7% was achieved. It is worth emphasizing despite higher value than those reported in the literature.
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PMID:[A proposed model of the treatment of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy]. 223 5

Glucose metabolism was evaluated in pregnant women with clinically and biochemically demonstrated intrahepatic cholestasis. Laboratory investigations included measurements of serum glucose concentrations on fasting and 2 hours after breakfast, the glucose tolerance test (100 gm oral glucose load), and 24-hour glycemia profile. All patients were admitted to the II Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Medical School in Warsaw, Poland. None of the patients exhibited manifest diabetes mellitus or had any clinical history suggestive of previous diabetes. The serum samples collected 2 hours after breakfast demonstrated higher glucose concentrations in women with intrahepatic cholestasis when compared with healthy control subjects. The glucose tolerance tests demonstrated consistently higher concentrations of glucose in blood serum samples after loading in the study group. The 24-hour glycemia profile showed greater glucose concentrations in serum samples collected 2 hours after breakfast and after supper. These results suggest that in the course of cholestasis in pregnancy, visible changes occur in the carbohydrate metabolism of the pregnant woman.
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PMID:Carbohydrate metabolism in the course of intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnancy. 280 44

Contradictory observations have accumulated regarding a secular trend and/or an epidemic pattern in the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In this study, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus incidence below age 15 years was examined in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, and in Wielkopolska, Poland, two areas diverse in terms of their geography and average risk for this disease. Numerator data were extracted from individual patient records, and annual denominator data were available for the years 1970-1985. Poisson regression models were used to disentangle the contributions of country, race, sex, age, period, and cohort effects to the observed variation in incidence. Poles and Allegheny County nonwhites were at greatly and moderately reduced risk, respectively, relative to Allegheny County whites. An increase in risk with age was significant and proportional in all three groups. There was significant time variability in Wielkopolska, where an epidemic began in 1982 and continued through 1985. This was a period rather than a cohort phenomenon and was a result of a recent outbreak of the disease rather than a long-term trend. In Allegheny County, changes in risk over the 16-year period were insignificant, although incidence doubled among whites aged 0-9 years during 1982-1983. The Poisson regression modeling provided a quantification and formal comparison of determinants of the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Poisson regression modeling of temporal variation in incidence of childhood insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, and Wielkopolska, Poland, 1970-1985. 291 50

There is no information concerning the risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in eastern Europe. An IDDM registry has been developed in Midwest Poland for 1970-1984. The risk of developing IDDM in Polish children was determined through utilization of the registry. The incidence of IDDM in Polish children was very low compared with other Caucasian populations. There was a major increase in risk beginning in 1982; the incidence almost doubled from 3.5/100,000 in 1970-1981 to 6.6/100,000 in 1982-1984. The pattern of IDDM in the high-risk period was different from that in the low-risk period, with an altered seasonal pattern and unusual increased incidence in younger children. The rapid increase in incidence as well as altered epidemiologic patterns during this period suggest that major alterations of environmental factors were responsible for the change in risk.
Diabetes 1987 Jan
PMID:Apparent epidemic of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Midwestern Poland. 379 61

Two groups of patients operated on because of cataract were compared: 106 patients from Poland and 103 patients from Norway. Mean age in the Polish group was 60 years and in the Norwegian 76 years. To explain the difference in age at operation the incidence of some cataract risk factors--diabetes, myopia, rural residence, outdoor occupation, cataract in family, steroid therapy, smoking and alcohol intake--were evaluated. Significant differences between these two groups were found only for rural residence, alcohol intake and cigarette smoking. The author suggests another possible factor causing earlier cataract formation among Polish patients.
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PMID:Senile and presenile cataract. Survey of patients undergoing cataract surgery. 788 59

Twenty children with diabetes received Engerix B vaccine against virus hepatitis B. The antibody level was studied one month after completion of accelerated vaccination course. All patients achieved protective antibody level. The number of patients with diabetes in Poland is increasing. Virus hepatitis B makes worse the prognosis. Good effects of vaccinations are the encouragement to undertaking such management in all diabetic clinics in Poland.
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PMID:[Engerix B vaccine in prophylaxis of hepatitis B virus infection in children with diabetes]. 797 33

A model of diabetic-obstetrical management in pregnant diabetics from the south-eastern Poland realized in Cracow has been described. It consists in education, intensive insulin therapy and self-control with borrowed glucose meters. The study included 102 pregnant women enrolled from 1987-1991. It was found that the patients in general with poorly normalized diabetes mellitus referred late to a special unit. It was shown that with experience normoglycemia was achieved with lower insulin doses in four injections. A characteristic feature was a very small number (4) of the patients who had thought of diabetes normalization before pregnancy. Coordinated care provides a possibility of reducing failures in pregnancy, nevertheless it is necessary to develop comprehensive care both before and during pregnancy in diabetic women.
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PMID:[Results of 5-year activity in a program for pregnant diabetics in south-eastern Poland. I. Methodology of a unified program and evaluation of the degree of diabetes compensation in pregnant women]. 820 91


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