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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Multiple cause of death patterns in California for 1980 were compared to a similar study of deaths conducted in 1955. Primary underlying causes of death changed, mainly reflecting the emergence of respiratory cancer as a major cause of death in 1980. The number of causes reported per death increased from 1955 to 1980, in all age and sex groups. Diseases of the arteries and pneumonia, which are among the most common underlying causes of death, appeared more often on death certificates in both 1955 and 1980 as contributing causes than as underlying the death. Diabetes was studied in detail in the 1955 report, and comparisons were made in 1980 to show increases in the proportions of deaths with this disease and corresponding increases in its prevalence among the living population from the National Health Survey. Multiple cause of death data can provide further information on the prevalence of a fatal disease in a population and its relative role in contributing to mortality, and can also provide new information on diseases that contribute to deaths, which was not previously available in population-based studies of single cause of death.
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PMID:A study of multiple causes of death in California: 1955 and 1980. 272 96

A follow-up of 92 patients with diabetes mellitus, who were hospitalized at the Department of Pediatrics, University of Bergen, during the years 1950-63, was conducted in June 1986. The mean age of the 76 living patients was 38 years, and the mean duration of diabetes 30 years. Sixteen patients had died. According to the death certificates the causes of death were as follows: Myocardial infarction, uremia, pneumonia, diabetes not further specified, suicide, sudden death not further specified, ketoacidosis, accident to the head, and convulsions (epilepsy). The 39 patients living in the county of Hordaland (including Bergen) were invited to a clinical examination. Twenty-nine patients (mean age 37 years, mean duration of diabetes 29 years) accepted. In eleven, the disease had influenced the choice of occupation. Twelve experienced professional difficulties due to diabetes, and thirteen had major complaints due to the disease. Three used antianginal drugs, and a further three were receiving antihypertensive treatment. Four women had hypothyreosis. Twelve had proteinuria or pathologic microalbuminuria. Only two of 27 patients examined by means of fluorescein-angiography showed no retinopathy. Evidence of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy was observed in ten patients. Since only three patients had used fast-acting insulin regularly during the last ten years, it should be possible to give patients with type 1 diabetes better treatment in the future.
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PMID:[Prognosis of diabetes mellitus type 1. A follow-up study]. 273 38

We studied community acquired pulmonary infections in general hospital. Forty-seven outpatients (group I) and 107 inpatients (group II) were analyzed respectively. The mean age of group I was 43.4 years old and that of group II was 57.4 years old. Significant underlying diseases were present in 45% of group I and 62% of group II. In group I, the underlying diseases were chronic respiratory diseases, and in group II, chronic respiratory diseases and other significant diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, malnutrition or malignancy. All of group I and 81 cases of group II were pneumonia. Pleuritis with pneumonia (11), lung abscess or cavitary infection (11), and pyothorax (4) were included in group II. Etiologic organisms were determined in 48.6% of the cases in group I, and 44.0% in group II. Invasive methods such as transtracheal aspiration and percutaneous lung puncture aspiration were very useful for isolation of the pathogen. The pathogens isolated included H. influenzae (17), S. pneumoniae (10), M. pneumoniae (4), C. psittaci (4) in total cases. In group I, H. influenzae was mostly isolated and in group II, S. pneumoniae was mostly isolated and opportunistic pathogens were also isolated. The form of pneumococcal pneumonia was almost always focal pneumonia in this study. There were 8 fatalities (5.2%), all of which were very old or had other serious diseases.
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PMID:[Community acquired pulmonary infections in a general hospital]. 274 72

This investigation examined the mortality experience of Native Americans in New York State, exclusive of New York City, between 1980 and 1986. Compared to the general population of New York State, exclusive of New York City, deaths among Native Americans occurred an average of nine years earlier. Among Native males, elevated risk of death was noted for tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, pneumonia and cirrhosis. Native females demonstrated an excess of deaths due to diabetes mellitus and cirrhosis. Fewer than expected malignant neoplasm deaths occurred among both Native males and females. A deficit of deaths was observed for colon and lung cancer deaths among Native males and for colon and breast cancer deaths among Native females. While these results are generally in agreement with previous reports, this study did not identify an excess of deaths due to accident-related mortality. Findings from this study, while limited, do serve as crude indicators of the overall health status of Native Americans in New York State and may prove useful in the context of planning and evaluating future health care services among this population.
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PMID:A mortality analysis of Native American in New York State, 1980-86. 276 54

We describe the first case report of community-acquired Acinetobacter pneumonia in Australia. Well recognised risk factors for this entity (alcoholism, diabetes mellitus and chronic lung disease) were present in our patient. His pneumonia ran a fulminant course, with death occurring within 24 hours of presentation to hospital. Whilst rare, this infection is being described with increasing frequency, particularly in developing countries including Papua New Guinea.
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PMID:Community-acquired Acinetobacter pneumonia. 277 48

A quality control program for the surveillance of surgical complications is described which includes all persons working at a surgical unit. The house surgeon when writing his letter for the general practitioner after the patient is demissed uses a special form for postoperative complications. Ten well defined types of complications, e.g. haematoma, fistula, abscess, pneumonia are recorded. Another surgeon responsible for the control program gathers weekly all forms presenting the results monthly at an audit to all surgeons of the unit. Here results are discussed in detail. Each surgeon gets his own complication profile monthly. Every three months the results of surveillance program are presented to all staff members including nurses, so that cooperative actions to reduce the complication rate can be taken. From January 1, 1985 to June 30, 1987, 2597 operations were performed, 213 patients (8.2%) suffered postoperative complications especially after surgery of the colon and rectum (28%), cholecystectomy (26%) and hernia repair (18%). Comparing three time periods (1985, 86, 87) no significant amelioration of complication rates were found. But factors influencing complications like very high age of patients, seriousness of the disease, and diabetes were not evenly distributed in all three samples. Therefore it might be impossible to lower the complication rate since those factors can't be influenced by better preparation for and better performing of surgery.
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PMID:[Systematic assessment of postoperative complications. A form of personal quality control]. 292 Jun 21

To evaluate the prognosis and prognostic factors of chronic pancreatitis, 84 patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis and 51 with nonalcoholic chronic pancreatitis have been followed for 1-21 years (average of 7.1 years). The follow-up period was defined as the period from diagnosis to death in those who died and to the present in those still alive. The following conclusions were obtained. (1) Patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis showed a significantly higher mortality rate (26.2%) and cancer death rate (8.3%) than the age- and sex-matched population. In patients with nonalcoholic chronic pancreatitis, however, the difference did not reach the level of statistical significance, although both rates tended to be higher. (2) Patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis showed a significantly poorer prognosis than those with nonalcoholic chronic pancreatitis. (3) Frequent causes of death in chronic pancreatitis were cancer (11 cases) and diabetes-associated conditions (renal failure in three cases, intractable pneumonia in one, hypoglycemic shock in two, and myocardial infarction in two). Death directly from pancreatitis was observed in four. (4) Unfavorable prognostic factors in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis included heavy drinking, continuance of drinking after diagnosis, smoking, insulin-dependent diabetes, and an advanced age. In nonalcoholic chronic pancreatitis, however, patients' age was the only significant prognostic factor; smoking did not reach the level of statistical significance, although it tended to lead to a poorer prognosis.
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PMID:Prognosis and prognostic factors in chronic pancreatitis. 292 Jun 51

Patterns of mortality among members of the Seneca Nation of Indians between January 1, 1955, and December 31, 1984, were investigated. The study cohort consisted of all members of the Seneca Nation residing in New York State who were listed in the tribal rolls as of January 1, 1955 (n = 3,262). Deaths among cohort members were identified through a computer match against New York State vital records files. Sex-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated on the basis of mortality patterns exhibited by the general population of New York State, exclusive of New York City. Seneca Nation males demonstrated an excess of deaths from all causes (SMR = 124), while all-cause mortality among Seneca Nation females did not differ from that expected (SMR = 106). Both males and females exhibited excess mortality from infectious diseases, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis of the liver, and accidents and injuries. Excess mortality was also noted among males for deaths due to atherosclerosis and hernia/intestinal obstruction and among females for deaths due to pneumonia, chronic nephritis, and homicide. Both sexes exhibited a deficit of deaths due to malignant neoplasms and circulatory diseases. Findings from this study will be useful to those responsible for the planning and implementation of health care programs among the Seneca Nation of Indians and other Native American groups.
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PMID:Mortality in a northeastern Native American cohort, 1955-1984. 292 27

BALB/cJ male mice were resistant and BALB/cByJ males were susceptible to induction of diabetes by multi-dose streptozotocin (MSz). Although both closely-related BALB/c substrains expressed H-2d haplotype, they could be differentiated by allelic differences at three genetic loci [Qa-2 (Chr 17), Bcd-1 (Chr 5), and Afr-1]. (BALB/cJ X BALB/cByJ)F1 males inherited the BALB/cJ resistance phenotype in a dominant fashion, thereby eliminating the BALB/cJ-expressed Afr-1b (recessive) allele as the susceptibility locus. Backcross of F1 mice to the susceptible BALB/cByJ strain produced a 1:1 segregation of susceptible and resistant (F1-like) phenotypes, suggesting that susceptibility was controlled by a single recessive gene. No linkage was found between the putative susceptibility gene and the mutant BALB/cByJ Qa-2,3 gene linked to the H-2 complex or with the mutant Bcd-1c allele. Since the resistant F1 males expressed low levels of androgen-dependent mouse urinary protein characteristic of the resistant BALB/cJ parental strain, the possibility was discussed that the alleles controlling sensitivity to MSz also controlled tissue sensitivity to endogenous androgens. An environmental effect on phenotype expression was indicated when BALB/cByJ males obtained from a colony free of pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) showed an attenuated rate of response to hyperglycemia induction in comparison to males obtained previously from an enzootically infected colony.
Diabetes Res 1988 Sep
PMID:Genetic and environmental control of diabetes induction by multi-dose streptozotocin in two BALB/c substrains. 297 7

Mean values for serum angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (SACE), determined spectrophotometrically in 648 subjects, using the synthetic substrate hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine, and expressed in units per milliliter, were: controls, 11.11 +/- 3.97 (n = 89); lung cancer, 6.50 +/- 3.26 (n = 87); tuberculosis of the lung, 8.93 +/- 4.60 (n = 68); pulmonary sarcoidosis, 21.18 +/- 14.93 (n = 48); pneumonia, 9.81 +/- 6.83 (n = 52); fibrosis, 11.18 +/- 8.26 (n = 34); diabetes mellitus, 10.90 +/- 7.51 (n = 29); ischemic heart disease, 8.98 +/- 6.19 (n = 42); pulmonary embolism, 13.20 +/- 3.91 (n = 5); and lymphomas, 11.66 +/- 5.44 (n = 36). The lowest values for SACE (5.92 +/- 1.95) were observed in 7 patients with pulmonary metastases. No relationship could be found between SACE and other laboratory parameters, nor between the enzyme activity in men and women. Evidence suggests that low SACE activity is often associated with extrapulmonary cancers of various organs. Levels were significantly decreased in cancer of the lung and pulmonary metastases and significantly (p less than 0.001) increased in sarcoidosis compared with other diseases, suggesting that SACE activity may be of value in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer of the lung.
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PMID:The value of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme determinations in malignant and other diseases. 299 Jul 99


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