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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Assessment of roentgenographic measurements of cortical bone of the radius in 196 elderly females, including 63 diabetics, revealed that: (1) in the non-diabetic group there was a significant loss of cortical bone relative to the number of years after the menopause and to body weight; (2) although there was a significant loss of cortical bone relative to years postmenopausal in a group of diabetic patients the cortex in the diabetic group was better preserved than in those non-diabetic controls in whom no vertebral compressions were diagnosed in the roentgenograms; no correlation between bone loss and body weight was found among the diabetics; (3) the thinnest cortical bone and the lowest average body weight was found in the 34 non-diabetics with vertebral compression deformities. It thus appears that involutional osteoporosis will be less prevalent among old women suffering from diabetes mellitus than in comparable non-diabetic subjects, and more prevalent among non-diabetics of low body weight than in old women who are obese or of normal weight.
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PMID:The relationship of diabetes mellitus and body weight to osteoporosis in elderly females. 601 98

Rare carcinoid-like ACTH-active tumour of the thymus in a woman of 40 is described. The tumour was of a solid-trabecular structure with rosette-like figures and consisted of spindle, polyhedral and roundish cells containing electron-dense granules of the neurosecretory type. Hormonal activity of the tumour was manifested in a pronounced hypercorticism with a marked adrenal hyperplasia, atrophy of sex organs and general virilization, skeletal muscle atrophy, osteoporosis, signs of diabetes mellitus, lipid hepatosis and other symptoms of a grave Itsenko-Cushing' syndrome followed by a fever. In spite of the absence of metastasis tumour was characterised by a rapid expansive growth with the compression of neck veins and venous stasis in both mediastinal organs and the tumour itself with the necrosis in its central parts. The cause of death was the thromboembolism of lung arteries from the thrombotic veins of the lower limbs.
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PMID:[Carcinoid-like ACTH-active thymus tumor with adrenal hyperplasia and the Itsenko-Cushing syndrome]. 608 16

In a group of 25 post menopausal women 50 - 75 years old (mean 57,2 years) the urinary calcium creatinine ratio was examined before and after four months of vaginal estrogen cream application. Estrogen well absorbed by the vaginal epithelium, lowered calcium excretion in urine from 200,12 mg/100 ml before treatment to 172,76 mg during treatment. Urinary Ca/ce ratio decreased from 0,25 before to 0,19 during treatment. A statistically significant p less than 0,01. In the light of our findings, the treatment can be recommended to menopausal women at risk of developing osteoporosis, even is cases of hyperlipidemia or mild diabetes mellitus. It is wise to add dietary calcium and physical exercises.
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PMID:[Estrogenic vaginal creams and calciuria in postmenopausal women]. 609 55

Bone mineral content of the distal radius was determined in 106 patients by single photon absorptiometry using iodine-125 monochromatic source. The technique provided a reliable means to assess the degree of mineral loss in conditions such as osteoporosis, renal osteodystrophy in patients on chronic maintenance dialysis, subjects on long-term steroid therapy, and those with diabetes mellitus. It is more sensitive than conventional radiography and completely noninvasive compared to bone biopsy. It is suggested that photon absorptiometry is a simple, sensitive, and reliable technique for assessment and follow-up of the bone mineral content in a host of disorders associated with bone demineralization.
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PMID:Photon absorptiometry for non-invasive measurement of bone mineral content. 647 20

The internal organs and the bone and joint system of 970 patients with hyperparathyrosis and the bone and joint system of 146 persons with hypoparathyrosis, as well as of patients with other nosology, in whom these diabetes are suspected, underwent roentgenoscopy. It is suggested that indirect thyroid lymphography, combined with esophagoscopy, is an effective method for revealing changes in the parathyroid glands. The characteristic signs of hyperparathyrosis are subperiosteal resorption of the hand bones and specific osteoporosis of the cranial bones, particularly in their combination with systemic skeletal osteoporosis. The main hypoparathyrosis symptoms are osteosclerosis, accompanied by calcification of the soft tissues.
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PMID:[Roentgen diagnosis of hypo- and hyperparathyroidism]. 665 38

Werner's syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive condition with multiple progeroid features, but it is an imitation of aging rather than accelerated or premature senescence. Somatic chromosome aberrations occur in multiple tissues in vivo and in vitro, and there is an increased incidence of neoplasia. Thus. Werner's syndrome can be classified in the group of chromosome instability syndromes. Recent findings provide additional support for the concept that there is an aberration of connective tissue metabolism in Werner's syndrome, but it is unclear whether this is a primary or secondary manifestation of the underlying genetic defect. Abnormal growth characteristics are observed in cultured skin fibroblast-like cells and this provides another avenue for current research. Identification of the basic genetic defect in Werner's syndrome might clarify our understanding of the normal aging process in general, or might elucidate specific aspects such as the development of neoplasia, atherosclerosis, diabetes, or osteoporosis.
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PMID:Werner's syndrome: a review of recent research with an analysis of connective tissue metabolism, growth control of cultured cells, and chromosomal aberrations. 675 66

In reviewing the unwanted effects and side-effects of corticosteroid therapy, the principle guidelines for their use and contraindications are dealt with. Then the effects of a pharmacodynamic therapy on the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fat and also the mineral balance are discussed and e.g. steroid diabetes, osteoporosis and myopathies are gone into. At the same time, the special properties of the various synthetic derivatives of cortisol, cortisone and corticosterone are referred to. Besides undesirable complications of corticosteroids in the gastrointestinal region, blood clotting and the influence on the course of infections and the psychic behavior, the side-effects on the skin and eyes are discussed. In closing, suggestions on the general measures of supervision and information of the patient are given. The principle of therapeutic decision is finally benefit: assessment of the risk to each patient.
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PMID:[Side-effects of corticosteroid therapy (author's transl)]. 678 Aug

A practically complete destruction of both femoral heads including the femoral necks and acetabula was encountered in a 69-year-old patient with diabetes, which varied in intensity. This destruction, documented by radiographs which had been taken 8 years prior, had started as the typical picture of "idiopathic femoral head necrosis". In addition to diabetes, hyperuricemia and hyperlipoproteinemia were present at the time when the femoral head necrosis was first evidenced. One episode of gout was recorded. In recent years, following therapy, the hyperurecemia and hyperlipoproteinemia had normalized. The question is raised, as to whether or not the present radiological findings represent a complication of aseptic femoral head necrosis, combined with a diabetic arthropathy of the hip joints. Details of the angiographic findings and a spondylopathy, which have all the characteristics of a neuropathic spondylopathy, would favor this hypothesis. When associated with a diabetic condition, generalized osteoporosis and hypertrophic spondylosis of such a particular nature require special mention.
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PMID:Complete destruction of both femoral heads following idiopathic necrosis of the femoral heads in a diabetic patient with hyperuricemia and hyperlipoproteinemia. 699 Aug 94

We have considered a rather wide-ranging number of genotropic theories of aging, defined as those which specify genomic alterations as the key to the understanding of the mechanisms of senescence. The fifteen ideas we have discussed are listed in Table 1, which divides them, in a rather arbitrary fashion, into two broad classes--those which emphasize modifications in gene structure and those which emphasize modifications in gene expression. It seems probable that no single one of these ideas will emerge as "the" underlying mechanism of aging, but that many of them will prove to have some credence. The aging process most certainly is under highly polygenic controls. In the case of human beings, I have made crude estimates [33] based upon a analysis of the phenotypes of known or suspected alleles at 2,336 genetic loci and the assumption of an upper limit for man of 100,000 informational loci, that anywhere from about 70-7000 genes could in fact be involved. This should not discourage us from pursuing a search for those loci which may be of profound importance to human aging as it ordinarily occurs in most human beings. In my opinion, however, the most pressing short-term need for biomedical gerontologists is to discover biochemical genetic reasons to explain why certain individuals seem especially prone to one or another of the age-related debilities, such as cancer, the various forms of arteriosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, senile cataracts and senile dementia. Therefore, in my view, the future of progress in geriatric medicine is likely to be closely coupled to progress in medical genetics and genetic pathology.
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PMID:Genotropic theories of aging: an overview. 699 62

A recently developed gel-filtration technique allows protein-bound calcium fractions to be separated and quantitated; the protein is separated under physiological conditions of pH, temperature, and concentrations of Na, Mg, and Ca to assure that the calcium-proteinate equilibrium is not disturbed. We used this gel-filtration technique to study the protein-bound calcium fractions in 18 patients with hyperparathyroidism, multiple myeloma, diabetes, osteoporosis, or liver cirrhosis. We calculated the amount of calcium bound per gram of protein for each of the three protein peaks and the intrinsic association constant (Ka) for calcium/albumin. Results with the multiple myeloma patients (three IgG, one IgA) indicated that IgG did not bind calcium appreciably, that IgA had about the same affinity as albumin for Ca, and that Ka was slightly low for one patient of the IgG type (79 L/mol) and normal for the other three myeloma patients (106, 90, and 91 L/mol). Results for patients with the other diseases were also essentially normal, except for the osteoporesis patients (two men, one woman), whose Ka values (69, 75, and 73 L/mol) were lower than normal.
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PMID:Clinical studies of protein-bound calcium in various diseases. 707 38


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