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 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mucormycosis is an uncommon, frequently fatal, fungal infection which rarely arises in otherwise healthy people (15, 18, 92). An underlying disease, frequently diabetes mellitus, is almost always present. It appears stereotypically in different anatomic sites: paranasal, rhinoorbital, rhinocerebral, cerebral, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal areas; and in the soft tissue of the extremities. It can also appear as disseminated disease. Tissue invasion by the hyphae of mucormycosis must be seen microscopically to establish the diagnosis, but culture is required to identify the fungal species involved. A study of 33 cases seen in one hospital over five decades suggests that the incidence of this infection is increasing. There has been a dramatic improvement in outcome, which has been paralleled by a major shift from postmortem to premortem diagnosis. Premortem diagnosis gives the opportunity for metabolic stabilization, surgical excision, and amphotericin-B therapy appropriate to this disease.
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PMID:Improved diagnosis and prognosis of mucormycosis. A clinicopathologic study of 33 cases. 395 58

Mucormycosis is fulminant fungal infection that usually occurs in debilitated patients with an underlying pathologic condition. The common clinical types include rhinocerebral, pulmonary, disseminated, and intestinal forms. This report describes 11 cases seen in our institution since 1970. Of nine patients with underlying diabetes mellitus, eight developed rhinocerebral mucormycosis and one had the cutaneous form. Two additional patients with acute leukemia showed the disseminated and pulmonary forms of mucormycosis. In nine patients, the diagnosis was established by histologic appearance and by culture of infected tissue obtained by biopsy. In two patients the diagnosis was made during postmortem examination. Five patients survived. We have emphasized the importance of early diagnosis and prompt, appropriate medical and surgical therapy to obtain a significant survival rate in patients with this frequently fatal disease.
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PMID:Mucormycosis. Report of 11 cases. 400 1

A case of deep sporotrichosis with cutaneous, articular, (...) and osseous lesions was observed in a Mexican patient following a beesting. The disease was associated with a complex pathological background namely diabetes. The pathogenic fungus Sporothrix schenckii was isolated in pure culture. The mycosis was successfully treated by amphotericin B and ketoconazole. Persisting enzymatic impairment was observed due to the sporotrichosis and/or underlying diseases.
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PMID:[Generalized sporotrichosis. Study of a Mexican case treated with amphotericin B and ketoconazole]. 609 35

Microorganisms causing pulmonary infections in high risk patients vary considerably with the predisposing illness (immunosuppression, alcoholism, or diabetes), the setting (nosocomial or community-acquired), and previous therapy (antibiotics, surgery, and inhalation therapy). Even in the immunocompromised patient, conventional bacteria are the most prevalent opportunistic pathogens, and gram-positive cocci such as staphylococci and gram-negative bacilli such as Escherichia coli cause most pneumonias. Fungi, viruses, and protozoa also cause pulmonary infections, but they vary in frequency from one institution to another. Diagnostic proof of the etiology of pulmonary infection is often difficult to obtain. The microbial flora of sputum is not definitive and must be confirmed by blood or pleural fluid culture, antigen or serologic response in body fluids, or morphologic presence in lung tissue. Resistance to antimicrobial therapy is increasing, especially among nosocomially acquired gram-negative bacilli and methicillin-resistant staphylococci. A potential for increased resistance exists in pneumococcal, viral, and fungal infection but is not yet apparent in pulmonary infections due to protozoal pathogens. Tests to predict antibiotic response such as serum bactericidal assay, repeated cultures, and serologic studies are helpful but correlate imperfectly with clinical outcome.
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PMID:Microbiology of pneumonia in the patient at risk. 637 79

90 geriatric patients without any clinical signs of systemic fungal infection had their sera tested for the presence of candida and aspergillus precipitins and cryptococcal antigens. None of the patients had positive aspergillus or cryptococcal serology. 13% of patients were found to have candida precipitins, but these cases were not significantly correlated with candida colonisation, length of hospitalisation, prior antibiotic therapy, steroid therapy or diabetes. Allowing for 13% false positives, serological testing might be helpful in identifying systemic candidiasis. It is probably highly specific for parenchymal involvement by aspergillus or cryptococcus.
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PMID:Fungal serology in the elderly. 639 33

Mucormycosis is an often-fatal opportunistic fungal infection caused by members of the class Zygomycetes (Phycomycetes), order Mucorales. Most cases are diagnosed by histologic examination, through the identification of mucormycotic hyphae in infected tissues. Chronic debilitating conditions accompanied by acidosis such as diabetes mellitus, as well as leukemia, lymphoma, and immunodeficient states, predispose to the development of this type of opportunistic infection. This report describes a hitherto undescribed finding, the presence of structures consistent with sporangia in tissue sections, in a case of pulmonary mucormycosis occurring in a nondiabetic patient with metabolic acidosis secondary to chronic salicylate poisoning.
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PMID:Pulmonary mucormycosis as a complication of chronic salicylate poisoning. 662 16

Three classes of important mycoses in O.R.L. field can be recognized according to the responsible fungi and to thier physiopathology: 1) mycoses due to cosmopolite, opportunistic fungi, yeast-like fungi (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Torulopsis glabrata) or filamentous fungi (Aspergillaceae, Mucoraceae, Penicillia, etc...) invading a compromised host by antibiotics, immunosuppressors, radiotherapy or by severe diseases (hemopathia, diabetes with acidosis). The oropharyngolaryngeal candidosis, the black tongue (a polyfungal syndrome), the sinusal aspergillosis, the otomycoses, the nasalorbital cerebral form of mucormycosis are reviewed and the allergic accompanying symptoms described. 2) deep, systemic mycoses of tropical origin with respiratory entry and oral pharyngeal laryngeal metastatic localizations (histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, coccidioimycosis); the histoplasmosis represent actually the principal imported systemic mycosis with O.R.L. localization. 3) tropical and african mycosis localized exclusively in O.R.L. area (rhino-enthomophtoromycosis and rhinosporidosis).
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PMID:[Panorama of mycoses in otorhinolaryngology]. 676 Jul 73

Two cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis are reported to draw attention to this fulminating fungal disease. Both patients had diabetes, and presented with a rapidly progressive orbital apex syndrome.
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PMID:Rhinocerebral mucormycosis. 683 31

The recurrence of Candida albicans in the oral cavity of diabetic subjects is examined in connection with the capacity of dismetabolic diseases, and diabetes in particular, to support the development of various mycoses. Results from the study of (not - saliva samples taken from) 50 diabetic but stomatologically healthy subjects show that Candida albicans was present in half of the cases examined and was more frequent in females than in males (15 and 10 cases, respectively). Oral cavity pH was also found to be lower in Candida albicans subjects than in normal cases.
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PMID:[Incidence of oral candidiasis in a sample group of diabetics]. 688 49

Phagedena is an old term for serious deep, necrotic and gangrenous skin ulcers. In the past these have been regarded as severe infections. A review of 31 cases revealed that except in cases of Streptococcus pyogenes or Clostridium welchii infection a bacterial of fungal infection was only one of several factors that led to the development of phagedenic ulcers. Initiating factors may be a bacterial infection, a debilitated state as a result of immunosuppressive therapy or of such conditions as alcoholism, severe diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease or severe arteriosclerosis, and various types of injury or trauma. Continuing factors include enzymatic mechanisms, the release of toxins from large areas of dead tissue and vascular disorders. In general, antibiotics are of limited value. systemic corticosteroid therapy may be useful in the subacute or chronic case. In acute, spreading, gangrenous phagedena with surrounding erythema, fever and systemic toxic effects, immediate excision of dead tissue may be lifesaving.
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PMID:Phagedena: gangrenous and necrotic ulcerations of skin and subcutaneous tissue. 706 92


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