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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a short-term and often rapidly lethal fungal disease. It is generally seen in uncontrolled cases of diabetes with ketoacidosis. This case exhibits many of the features of a typical fulminating rhinocerebral mucormycosis. However, the fatal complications of acute subdural hematoma and massive intracerebral hemorrhage due to rupture of aneurysm, as demonstrated by angiography, are unique clinical manifestations of patients with rhinocerebral mucormycosis.
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PMID:Acute subdural hematoma and intracerebral hemorrhage. Rare complications of rhinocerebral mucormycosis. 10 35

A case of mucormycosis in a 45 year-old woman with uncontrolled diabetes is reported. Following dental extractions, the patient presented with total ophthalmoplegia, chemosis and complete sensory loss of the right fifth cranial nerve. Exophthalmus was not present. Although a fungal infection was suspected, administration of Amphotericin B was avoided because of renal insufficiency. After temporary clinical improvement with high doses of antibiotics, signs of right seventh and eighth cranial nerve paralysis and of thrombosis of the right ophthalmic artery developed. The patient expired after six days. Autopsy disclosed extensive mucormycosis with involvement of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, soft tissues and bones of face and orbit, cranial nerves, meninges and base of the brain, as well as mycotic thrombosis of the right cavernous sinus and the internal carotid, ophthalmic and maxillary arteries. The spread of infection is detailed, and the importance of an early diagnosis is stressed.
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PMID:[Cranial mucormycosis with thrombosis of the sinus cavernosus (author's transl)]. 42 1

A case of aspergillosis of the kidney is described that could not be attributed to any of the factors that classically predispose to fungal infection (immunosuppressive, antibiotic or steroid therapy and diabetes). The patient did have severe obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction, which we believe caused stasis of urine and, in turn, the propagation of a colony of Aspergillus.
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PMID:Aspergillus mycetoma of the renal pelvis associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction. 90 60

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis (phycomycetes), a human fungal disease with oral and perioral findings, has an extremely high morbidity and mortality. The disease is most frequently seen in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. The symptoms, findings, and treatment of rhinocerebral mucormycosis are discussed, and two case histories are presented.
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PMID:Rhinocerebral mucormycosis: diagnosis and treatment. Report of two cases. 105 38

A 54-year-old man, affected by pemphigus vulgaris and severe steroid-induced diabetes, developed seven red-brown, firm, slightly raised 0.1-1 cm papular lesions on the anterior aspect of both knees and thighs. A cutaneous biopsy showed a granulomatous infiltrate with numerous fungal elements scattered in the dermis and also within giant cells. Cultures of cutaneous biopsy fragments on Sabouraud glucose agar in presence of chloramphenicol resulted in the growth of dark-green colonies at 25 degrees C. They were identified as typical Cladosporium cladosporioides. As far as we know, this species was previously isolated only in an HIV-seropositive patient as opportunistic pathogen in the site of skin testing.
Mycoses
PMID:Cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to Cladosporium cladosporioides. 129 76

Aspergillosis, cryptococcosis and zygomycosis (mucormycosis) are overall the most common systemic mycoses but histoplasmosis is particularly endemic in parts of central USA and other areas worldwide. Orofacial lesions caused by systemic mycoses have rarely been reported in the past though they have been recorded particularly in outdoor workers from geographic areas with a high prevalence of infection and occasionally in immunocompromised individuals. Increasing world-wide travel, and the dramatic increase in numbers of immunocompromised persons, especially those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, have been responsible for an increase in reports and other studies of orofacial disease in systemic mycoses and new opportunists are now being recognized. Those in Oral Medicine and Pathology must now be aware of the possibility of a systemic mycosis as the cause of chronic oral ulceration, chronic maxillary sinus infection, or bizarre mouth lesions, especially in patients with HIV disease, lymphoproliferative disorders, or diabetes mellitus, or in those who have been in endemic areas. Diagnosis and management should be undertaken in consultation with a physician with appropriate expertise, as pulmonary and other systemic infection may well be present. This paper reviews the eight main systemic mycoses.
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PMID:Orofacial manifestations of the systemic mycoses. 152 29

Fluconazole is a broad spectrum anti-fungal agent which combines good tolerance, efficacy and low toxicity, and offers useful advantages in the treatment of certain forms of mycosis. Three cases of renal fungal disease treated with surgery (nephrectomy in two cases and pyelolitectomy plus partial nephrectomy in the third one) and fluconazole or amphotericin B are presented. In all three cases there was at least one predisposing factor (diabetes, urolithiasis, urinary catheter, previous therapy with antibiotics, or AIDS), and the causing pathogens were Candida and Mucor. Administration of fluconazole 100 mg b.i.d. for 4 weeks in the two candida infected patients accomplished a complete cure of the disease. Incidence, etiopathology, presentation forms and diagnostic techniques of urinary mycosis are analyzed together with the current therapeutical options, making special reference to fluconazole.
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PMID:[Renal fungal infection: presentation forms and therapeutic advances]. 163 52

Mycotic immunodiagnosis was performed in 186 hospitalized patients with different respiratory diseases, mostly considered as tuberculosis and others with a doubtful diagnosis. Crude histoplasmin, coccidioidin, paracoccidioidin, blastomycin, candidin, aspergillin, and sporotrichin, as well as purified polysaccharide-protein complexes (PPC) of Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis were used as antigens. Immune tests used included skin test (ST), gel immunodiffusion (ID), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE), complement fixation (CF), and ELISA. A possible association with candidosis was observed in 17% of patients with tuberculosis and diabetes; one presumptive paracoccidioidomycosis, one confirmed aspergillosis, and six cases of active histoplasmosis were determined. Candidin ST showed 29% of positive reactions with an increased frequency in patients between 31 and 55 years of age. CF test showed the highest positivity percentages with crude antigens, specially for Candida antigen (26.3%) and histoplasmin (18.2%). Cross reactions were evident with crude antigens but decreased when PPC's were used in ELISA.
Mycoses
PMID:Efficiency of crude and purified fungal antigens in serodiagnosis to discriminate mycotic from other respiratory diseases. 174 92

Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection of immunosuppressed patients. We describe here 5 cases of mucormycosis: three with facial and eye involvement, one with lung involvement and one affecting skin and joints. All five patients had underlying diseases: diabetes, leukemia, lymphoma, neoplasia and AIDS. Four patients were treated with amphotericin B and also with surgical debridement. Infection could be controlled only in two patients. Both survived but with major sequelae. In two additional patients, death was directly related to the infection and the remaining patient was lost to follow-up.
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PMID:[Infection by Mucorales fungi]. 180 50

Twenty patients with gastrointestinal mucormycosis are reviewed. This often fatal opportunistic fungal infection was diagnosed histologically, and was categorized as colonization (five patients), infiltration (seven patients), or vascular invasion (eight patients). There were no fatalities from colonization. In 10 patients, mucormycosis complicated peptic ulcer disease. Seven of these patients had infiltrative or invasive disease. The presentation and operative findings mimicked malignancy in five of these seven patients, and six had successful surgical intervention. The other patient was cured by medical therapy alone. Ten patients had infection associated with other gastrointestinal diseases: post-traumatic peritonitis (four patients), transmural amoebiasis (two patients), tuberculosis (one patient), gastroenteritis (one patient), gastric carcinoma (one patient) and diabetes (one patient). Eight patients had significant infection and only one survived. In this series, mucormycosis had a less aggressive course when complicating peptic ulcer than when it occurred in association with other gut diseases.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal mucormycosis. 191 15


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