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 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper reports the beneficial effects of ozone autohemotherapy (OHT) in 2 patients afflicted with painful, intractable leg ulcers. One patient had diabetes mellitus type II (DM), the other had vasculitis. Both patients had seen multiple specialists, including a dermatologist, an internist, and a vascular surgeon, but their clinical course continued to worsen. When the pain became intolerable, the patients came to our pain clinic. Chemical lumbar sympathectomy as well as epidural blockade with bupivacaine and morphine were moderately effective in reducing their pain but had no effect on the ulcers. Only after OHT treatments were performed for several months was satisfactory healing observed.
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PMID:Major ozonated autohemotherapy in chronic limb ischemia with ulcerations. 1586 5

Ulcerated necrobiosis lipoidica is one of the differential diagnoses in leg ulcers. The diagnosis is confirmed by histopathology. The authors report on a 68-year-old female patient with a history of chronic venous insufficiency who developed a chronic leg ulcer that did not respond to good ulcer care and compression bandaging. Skin biopsies revealed necrobiosis lipoidica. The patient was recently discovered to have diabetes mellitus that was treated orally by ascarose. Phlebosurgery and mesh grafting were performed, and the patient was given pentoxyfiline, dapsone, and clofazimine, but none of these treatments was successful. Therefore, topical PUVA therapy was introduced that resulted in partial remission and stabilizing of the residual pathology. Based on these experiences, the use of surgical methods alone is questionable.
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PMID:Ulcerated necrobiosis lipoidica: a combined treatment approach with dermatosurgery and PUVA. 1586 53

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis, recognized as an inflammatory disease of the vessel wall, probably accelerated by diabetes mellitus (DM). Elevated interleukin (IL)-6 levels have been associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and a common polymorphism has been identified in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate inflammatory mediators in PAD patients (+/- DM) and to investigate a possible relationship to the IL-6 gene polymorphism. Five groups of patients (DM, intermittent claudication +/- DM, critical limb ischemia (CLI) +/- DM) and a control group of 20 individuals each were included. Hemoglobin, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), creatinine, blood lipids, white blood cells (WBC); CD11b/CD18; vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1), sE-selectin, sP-selectin; IL-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, sTNFalpha-R1 and sTNFalpha-R2 were analysed. The IL-6 gene polymorphism was determined in all groups and also compared with 200 healthy controls from a larger study of blood donors. In a multiple regression analysis, adjusted for gender, smoking and age, the effect of CLI was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with elevated levels of the WBC count, hsCRP, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNFalpha-R1-2) and endothelial (sICAM, sVCAM) and WBC (CD11b gran) markers. The effect of less advanced PAD (intermittent claudication) was related to an increased concentration of sVCAM-1 and the number of monocytes and granulocytes. DM or leg ulcers were not significantly related to any of the markers. No significant difference in frequency of the various IL-6 genotypes was found between the groups or when compared with the group of 200 blood donors (p> 0.3). Activation of cytokines, endothelial cells and WBC was related to the Fontaine stage of PAD but not to the presence of DM or ulcers. No association was found between the polymorphism in the IL-6 promoter region and PAD.
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PMID:Inflammatory markers and IL-6 polymorphism in peripheral arterial disease with and without diabetes mellitus. 1623 72

Patients in various clinical states of diabetes mellitus (according to the recommendation of the American Diabetes Association) as a primary diagnosis were examined for fungal infections by Candida species. Candida spp. were detected in urine, in the material taken from the mouth cavity, nails, skin lesions, ears and eyes, by cultivation on the Sabouraud agar, CHROMagar Candida, and by saccharide assimilation. In the group of diabetics with symptoms of oral candidiasis and denture stomatitis C. albicans was identified in 8 cases, C. tropicalis in 3, C. parapsilosis in 2; 1 strain of C. guilliermondii was also isolated. In patients with urinary tract infections the presence of C. albicans was shown in 12 cases; C. parapsilosis was detected in 6 cases and two strains of each C. tropicalis and C. krusei were also isolated. In patients with leg ulcers C. albicans (25 cases), C. parapsilosis (5), C. tropicalis (3) and one strain of each C. krusei and C. robusta were isolated. Otomycosis was associated with one strain of C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis and C. guilliermondii. C. albicans was most frequently associated with onychomycosis, paronychia and endophthalmitis; C. parapsilosis was the second most rated yeast.
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PMID:Diabetes mellitus and candidiases. 1629 65

Leg ulceration is a chronic condition affecting about 1-2% of the adult population. The main causes of leg ulceration are venous hypertension, arterial insufficiency, diabetes, or a combination of these aetiologies (causes) or malignancy. Venous ulcers account for approximately 80% of all leg ulcers and are a result of venous hypertension. The current mainstay of treatment of venous ulcers is the application of graduated compression bandaging to the limb. In spite of the application of the best evidence-based therapy, healing rates for venous leg ulcers remain disappointing, at 50-70% after 12 weeks of treatment, depending on initial size and chronicity of the ulcer. Thus, a large number of ulcers are unhealed by this time, and many patients suffer from long-term leg ulceration, some remaining for years, and those that heal often recur. There is an obvious need to develop new treatments that would improve healing rates. This review provides a complete overview of the anatomy of venous circulation and the physiology pertaining to it, the pathophysiology of venous disease, the pathogenesis of ulceration, and a review of treatments currently employed in healing venous leg ulcers and their supporting evidence. The aim of this article is to encourage a fresh look at this chronic problem and stimulate ideas on how healing rates can be improved.
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PMID:A review of technological approaches to venous ulceration. 1639 Mar 12

Vacuum-assisted closure (V.A.C.) is an established therapeutic option in the management of acute and chronic granulating wounds. In recent years, little data has been published concerning skin graft transplantation and postoperative V.A.C. therapy. We report a consecutive case series of 54 patients with chronic leg ulcer who received a total of 74 mesh grafts. A postoperative V.A.C. therapy was performed in 28 mesh grafts, and 46 mesh grafts were treated with standard gauze therapy. In the V.A.C. group, 92.9 % grafts showed complete healing. In the treatment group without postoperative V.A.C. therapy, 67.4 % of the mesh grafts had taken. Differential analysis revealed a correlation in patients over 70 years of age or in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus or dermato-lipo-sclerosis. Particularly patients with diabetes mellitus and of greater age exhibited improved take rates in the V.A.C. group. The results of our study demonstrate for the first time the significant benefit of V.A.C. therapy after mesh-graft-transplantation in chronic leg ulcer patients as evaluated in a clinical trial with a control group.
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PMID:[Take of mesh grafts in chronic leg ulcer patients improves by vacuum-assisted closure device]. 1657 72

Multiple modalities exist for the care of lower extremity ulcers associated with venous insufficiency and complications of diabetes mellitus, (eg, neuropathy). Although reports about the use of topical adjunctive treatment modalities in the treatment of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes mellitus exist, little is known about the safety of topical treatment when used in combination with compression therapy to manage venous insufficiency. A patient with diabetes mellitus, neuropathy, a 3.3 cm x 3.0 cm x 1 mm heel ulcer and a 8.1 cm x 4.9 cm x 3 mm lower leg ulcer secondary to venous insufficiency presented at the authors' clinic. After 8 weeks of therapy using a combination of bioengineered human dermal replacement and multilayered compression dressings, lower leg edema was reduced, the heel ulcer healed, and the leg ulcer continued to improve. No complications were observed. The results observed suggest that studies examining the effects of treatment regimens that address the multifactorial etiology of some lower extremity ulcers are warranted.
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PMID:Combining bioengineered human dermal replacement and multilayered compression dressings to manage ulcers in a person with diabetes mellitus: a case study. 1668 70

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and to evaluate the clinical associations of arteriovenous communications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and lower limb peripheral arterial ischemia. Peripheral arteriography of DM patients from an eight-year period (1993-2000) was evaluated retrospectively by two observers. The presence of arteriovenous communications, defined as occurring without evidence of a preceding precipitating event, and the distribution and severity of the vascular disease were evaluated. The type (non-insulin-dependent DM or insulin-dependent DM) and the duration of the DM, the presenting symptoms, and the presence of a peripheral neuropathy were documented by a review of the clinical records. A total of 348 arteriography studies in 285 DM patients were evaluated (duration of DM: median, 16 years; range, 7-42 years); an arteriovenous communication was present in 14/285 patients (4.9%), 9 male and 5 female (median age, 71 years; range, 17-84 years). Symptoms were those of a peripheral leg ulcer (n = 11), claudication (n = 3), and gangrene (n = 1), with symptoms ipsilateral to the side of the arteriovenous communication in 13/14 patients. The sites of the arteriovenous communications were infra popliteal (n = 7), popliteal (n = 3), superficial femoral artery (n = 3), and common femoral artery (n = 1). Features of a peripheral neuropathy were found in 12/14 and ipsilateral to the side of the communication in 11/12. Arteriovenous communications in the peripheral femoral arterial system of patients with DM is an uncommon finding. Although not proven in the current study, arteriovenous communications might be associated with more severe symptoms than that attributable to the underlying vascular disease alone.
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PMID:Lower limb arteriovenous communications in diabetes mellitus: a potential reason for aggravation of ischemic symptoms. 1680 78

In a randomized controlled clinical trial, the properties of low-frequency ultrasound in the treatment of chronic venous ulcers were investigated. Thirty-eight patients with chronic ulcerations of the legs caused by chronic venous insufficiency were randomly assigned to receive either conventional therapy alone or conventional therapy plus additional 30 kHz ultrasound treatment. Patients with other conditions that may impair wound healing such as diabetes mellitus or arterial disease were excluded. The ultrasound treatment consisted of 10 minutes of foot bathing with application of 30 kHz ultrasound 100 mW/cm(2) three times a week. Response was evaluated with the use of planimetry of the ulcer area and compared with controls after 3 and 8 weeks. After 3 weeks of treatment (and to a greater extent after 8 weeks of treatment) the ultrasound group showed a markedly better response than the control group. Although the control group showed a mean decrease of 11% in the ulcerated area after 8 weeks, in the ultrasound group the mean ulcerated area decreased by 41% (p < 0.05). There were only mild side effects in some of the patients treated with ultrasound. In conclusion, application of low-frequency ultrasound may be a helpful treatment option in chronic venous leg ulcers.
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PMID:Low-frequency ultrasound treatment of chronic venous ulcers. 1698 53

Large complicated leg ulcers, not responsive to standard therapy, after surgical debridement and under parenteral specific antibiosis, must be occlusively covered to improve wound healing. In 10 diabetic patients with deep (Wagner degree 3), large, and Staphylococcus aureus (n=7) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=5)-infected leg (n=1), or foot (n=9) ulcers, we have applied, as a coverage, meshes of in vitro expanded autologous fibroblasts. Complete ulcer healing was observed in seven patients after 8, 12, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 weeks from the first graft application (Figures 2 and 3). Two patients had >70% wound healing at 20 and 28 weeks after the first treatment. One patient, previously submitted to a bypass vascular procedure, died of acute myocardial infarction 16 weeks after the first fibroblast autograft application and with a healing wound evenly filled with granulation tissue. In our opinion, the application of autologous in vitro expanded fibroblasts is a satisfactory therapeutic option to treat large leg ulcers and is particularly indicated in patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes or autoimmune diseases on steroid treatment.
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PMID:Autologous fibroblasts to treat deep and complicated leg ulcers in diabetic patients. 1724 17


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