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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Tohoku University method of fasting therapy was performed on 380 patients. The clinical results revealed an efficacy rate of 87%. With regard to psychosomatic diseases, irritable colon syndrome, neurocirculatory asthenia, mild diabetes mellitus, obesity and borderline hypertension were good indications for this therapy. In order to clarify the therapeutic mechanism, several clinical examinations were administered before, during and after therapy. EEG data was analysed according to the power spectral method. The peak frequency decreased as fasting progressed, while it increased as re-fed continued. Percent energy of alpha waves after fasting therapy was significantly higher than that of the pre-fasting stage. The dexamethasone suppression rate of urine 17-OHCS after fasting therapy was significantly lower than that of the pre-fasting stage. It seems that ketone nutrition may work as a strong stressor in the brain cell, temporarily placing all biological mechanisms in a stress state and then activating the natural healing power inherent to the human body, thereby bringing about homeostasis.
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PMID:Psychophysiological study on fasting therapy. 55 Jan 77

It has been well known that the fasting therapy which was invented in Medical School of Tohoku University reveals an excellent effect upon various kinds of psychosomatic diseases, but its therapeutic mechanism and suitable indication are not yet explained completely. In order to corroborate these problems, this study was undertaken on 262 cases of psychosomatic diseases in the field of internal medicine. It is a complete fasting for 10 days with nothing by mouth except for drinking water, and 500 ml of parenteral fluid containing vitamins are administered intravenously every day. Absolute bed rest and self meditation are required in a closed individual room, and patients are not allowed to meet anyone but physicians and nurse in charge. The return to normal ordinary diet follows the order of fluid diet, soft diet and semiordinary diet during 5 days. In the period of the therapy, various clinical and laboratory examinations were carried out. Significance of these examinations consists in prediction of possible danger during the fasting period and elucidation of its therapeutic mechanism. Consequently, an outstanding efficacy rate of 87% with excellent prognosis was attained, and the following diseases were determined as suitable indication of this therapy; irritable colon, dysorexia nervosa, borderline hypertension, neurocirculatory asthenia, bronchial asthma, mild diabetes mellitus, obesity, lumbago without organic findings, conversion hysteria, various neurosis with somatic symptoms and masked depression. Possible mechanism of action of the therapy is that fasting acts as an extreme stress on the function of the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems, then it regulates the function of whole body including the brain, also it acts as one of the behaviour therapy for abnormal conditioning.
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PMID:Fasting therapy for psychosomatic diseases with special reference to its indication and therapeutic mechanism. 96 29

To understand the content of ambulatory family practice and find effective ways to improve clinical service, education and research in the Department of Family Medicine of Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital, we surveyed 14,064 patients from Jan. 1984 to Feb. 1991 and analysed (a) their basic demographic data including sex, age, insurance type, source and residential district and (b) clinical health problems covering 25,679 diagnoses and 148,994 diagnostic visits. Clinical health problems were recorded by the ICHPPC-2 code system. Results of basic demographic survey were as follow: 49.1% of patients was male and 50.9% female; 58.9% fell in the age group of 16-40 years and 22.4%, 12.0% and 6.7% of patients fell into the age groups of 41-65, under 16 and over 65 years respectively; 62.8% was insured usually by labor insurance and 26.9% had no insurance; the commonest referrals were other patients, colleagues, company personnel, doctors, media ... etc.; 58.8% lived in Kaohsiung City and 19.6% in Kaohsiung county. As for clinical health problems, the data showed that the commonest thirty diagnoses encountered at our clinic accounted for 69.3% of 25,679 diagnoses and the commonest ten diagnoses in descending order were medical health examination, acute URI, abdominal pain, uncomplicated hypertension, prophylactic immunization, hepatitis B carrier, back pain, anxiety disorder, viral hepatitis and irritable bowel syndrome. By calculating the average value of each diagnosis in a sample of 148,994 diagnostic visits to evaluate the habits of practice, we found that the commonest ten diagnostic visits at clinic in descending order were diabetes mellitus, hypertension involving target organ, uncomplicated hypertension, gout, hyperthyroidism, duodenal ulcer, tuberculosis, lipid metabolism disorder, other peptic ulcer and depressive disorders; all were chronic diseases. We concluded it was very important and helpful for the development of family medicine program and primary care unit to understand the content of their own ambulatory practice.
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PMID:[The content of ambulatory family practice in Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital]. 156 Apr 75

We performed fasting and postprandial recordings of antroduodenal manometry in 21 normal volunteers, 13 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and gastrointestinal symptoms, and 11 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. None of the patients or volunteers had previously undergone an intestinal intubation study. Recordings could not be obtained from four of the diabetic patients due to failure to intubate the pylorus. Catheter migration led to incomplete antral data in a further 21% of all recordings. Due to the wide variations demonstrated by the normal volunteers, parameters of either the migrating motor complex (MMC) or the fed response could not differentiate between either of the patient groups and/or the controls. Similarly, while abnormal patterns of either fasting or postprandial motility were common in the diabetic patients, manometry had a sensitivity of only 67% in comparison to the less invasive radionuclide gastric emptying study. Furthermore, manometry failed to identify any diagnostic abnormality in irritable bowel patients; in particular, the incidence of "clustered" contractions was similar in all three groups. We conclude that short duration antroduodenal manometry is of limited diagnostic usefulness due to the difficulties in pyloric intubation in the presence of a dilated stomach and the intrinsic variability in normal motor patterns, perhaps excerbated by the stressful effects of the procedure itself in tube-naive subjects.
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PMID:Antroduodenal manometry. Usefulness and limitations as an outpatient study. 149 59

The autonomic nervous system may have a role in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome. If so, the occurrence of irritable bowel symptomatology in patients with autonomic neuropathy might indicate which, if any, of these symptoms are dependent on autonomic innervation. The prevalence of abdominal pain, abdominal distension and an abnormal bowel habit was recorded in 200 patients with diabetes, screened for autonomic neuropathy, and 200 matched controls. Constipation was significantly more common in patients with autonomic neuropathy than in those without, or controls (22.0% vs 9.2% vs 6.8%). The prevalence of abdominal pain and abdominal distension was no different in patients with and without autonomic neuropathy and their respective controls. The results of this study suggest that control of bowel habit is more dependent on the total integrity of the autonomic nervous system than the perception of pain or the production of distension.
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PMID:Functional bowel symptoms in diabetes--the role of autonomic neuropathy. 177 25

Insulin-like growth factor II is secreted primarily by the liver and is reported to be transcribed in many primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) cell lines. We have studied diagnostic significance of serum IGF-II in chronic liver diseases using specific enzyme immunoassay. Serum IGF-II levels (mean +/- SE) were decreased in chronic hepatitis (538 +/- 51 ng/ml; N = 29), liver cirrhosis (427 +/- 45; 50) and PHC (260 +/- 41; 17) compared to controls (830 +/- 49; 57). Serum IGF-II was not different from controls in any of nonhepatic diseases such as diabetes (1032 +/- 97; 19) pancreatic cancer (1413 +/- 282; 8), chronic pancreatitis (999 +/- 126; 17), peptic ulcer (1186 +/- 43; 11), irritable bowel syndrome (1002 +/- 109; 12), gastrointestinal tract cancer (1250 +/- 216; 21) and chronic renal failure (733 +/- 135; 14). In liver diseases serum IGF-II showed a significant correlation with liver function test (negative with retention of indocyanine green and total bile acids; positive with albumin, thrombo-test, and cholinesterase). These results suggest that serum IGF-II reflects a reduced production of IGF-II in the liver and that it can be an index for the residual capacity of liver function.
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PMID:Serum insulin-like growth factor II in chronic liver disease. 253 15

Impaired gallbladder contraction has been previously shown in pregnant women, in people with diabetes, celiac disease, and cystic duct syndrome, and in postvagotomy patients. In this study gallbladder contraction was measured by real-time ultrasonography in 32 subjects: 8 healthy controls, 12 diabetics and 12 with the irritable bowel syndrome. Contraction was expressed by four parameters: fasting gallbladder volume, residual gallbladder volume after maximal contraction, maximum percent of gallbladder emptied, and time elapsed until maximal contraction occurred. The main difference between the control subjects and the groups with diabetes and irritable bowel syndrome was found in the fasting and residual gallbladder volumes. Fasting volumes were twice as large in the irritable bowel syndrome (30.37 +/- 3.0 ml) as in the control subjects (15.15 +/- 0.69 ml, P less than 0.001). Residual volumes were also twice as great in those with irritable bowel syndrome, compared with the control subjects (12.91 +/- 2.18 ml vs. 5.6 +/- 0.58 ml, P less than 0.01). Similar, but less pronounced differences were found when the diabetic and the control subjects were compared. Fasting volumes were 21.7 +/- 2.62 ml for diabetic individuals vs. 15.15 +/- 0.69 ml for control subjects (P less than 0.05) and residual volumes were 10.87 +/- 2.69 vs. 5.6 +/- 0.58 ml (P = 0.1), respectively. The maximum percent emptied and the time elapsed until maximum contraction occurred were not statistically different. Also, no statistical difference was found between the diabetic individuals and those with irritable bowel syndrome in any of the parameters studied. Increased fasting and residual gallbladder volumes in the irritable bowel syndrome are changes that may promote sequestration and precipitation of cholesterol or calcium salts in the gallbladder of patients with lithogenic bile, as seen in diabetic individuals.
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PMID:Gallbladder contraction in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. 329 38

Diagnostic significance of a simple and rapid screening procedure for determining the relative amounts of pancreatic and salivary isoamylase using an amylase inhibitor was evaluated in 242 subjects (controls 84, acute pancreatitis nine, chronic pancreatitis 28, pancreatic cancer 14, peptic ulcer 25, liver cirrhosis 15, cholelithiasis 24, irritable colon syndrome 13, diabetes mellitus 13, mumps seven, and chronic renal failure 10). Electrophoretically separated isoamylases of saliva and pure pancreatic juice were all inhibited at similar degrees to the corresponding unfractionated amylases. Total amylase and pancreatic isoamylase were elevated in all nine patients with acute pancreatitis. Pancreatic isoamylase was decreased in 12 of 28 patients (43%) with chronic pancreatitis and increased in nine of 14 patients (64%) with pancreatic cancer. The mean pancreatic isoamylase activity in the patients with acute pancreatitis was significantly higher (p less than 0.01), while that of chronic pancreatitis was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) when compared with controls. The inhibition method offers simple, rapid, and specific analysis of serum isoamylase for the differential diagnosis of hyperamylasemia in cases of emergency.
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PMID:Differential determination of serum isoamylase using an amylase inhibitor and its clinical application. 396 56

The nature of colonic motility in normal subjects is discussed. Colonic myoelectrical control is disturbed in certain diseases: slow-wave activity may be affected, or the postprandial gastrocolonic spike response may be altered. Due to these changes in contractile activity, abnormal movement of materials through the colon takes place. These phenomena are reviewed with reference to the irritable colon syndrome, idiopathic constipation, diverticular disease, diabetes mellitus, peripheral systemic sclerosis, and chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The treatment of hypermotile states requires the use of agents that diminish colonic motility. If the colon is inert, however, stimulating drugs, e.g. metoclopramide or prostigmine, are indicated.
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PMID:Myoelectric and motor activity of the colon in normal and abnormal states. 659 81

Twenty-five patients (ages 10 to 79 years; average, 48 years) with fecal incontinence underwent anorectal manometry with a three-balloon system connected to a physiograph. On a basis of manometric criteria showing the presence of rectal sensation, 17 patients underwent biofeedback conditioning. Underlying disorders included irritable bowel syndrome, diabetes mellitus, anal sphincter damage from surgery or disease, and neurogenic anal dysfunction. Twelve of the 17 patients who received biofeedback training had significant improvement in bowel soiling. Follow-up periods ranged from 2 to 38 months (mean, 15 months). There were no significant differences in threshold of rectal sensation, relaxation of the internal anal sphincter, and pre- and postbiofeedback thresholds of external anal sphincter contraction between responders and nonresponders. Minimal criteria for successful treatment appeared to be ability to sense rectal distension, good motivation, and absence of significant psychological dysfunction. Biofeedback conditioning is a simple and effective technique in the treatment of selected patients with fecal incontinence.
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PMID:Biofeedback therapy for fecal incontinence. 725 62


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