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In 196 patients with angina pectoris selective coronary angiography was performed, and the extent of angiographically proven coronary artery stenoses was described by means of a coronary score. A significant correlation between the degree of atherosclerotic lesions on the one hand and hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia as well as smoking habits on the other hand was detected. No correlation between other risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperuricemia and obesity, and the coronary score was observed.
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PMID:[Coronary risk factors and extent of angiographically proven coronary artery stenoses (author's transl)]. 46 94

Early experience with the treatment of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and renal failure by chronic hemodialysis indicated a high mortality and increased incidence of medical complications. Since 1972, a marked improvement in survival and reduction in incidence of complications has been attributed to more rigorous control of fluid overload, hypertension, and blood sugar levels by insulin therapy and careful dietary management. A diet has been developed which combines the diet used by dialysis patients with suitable modifications for the insulin-dependent patient with diabetes. The importance of patient education is stressed in an attempt to improve patient compliance.
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PMID:Dietary management of patients with diabetes treated by hemodialysis. 46 38

Out of 769 patients with arterial diseases, reconstructive surgery was performed on 100 limbs of 79 patients for arteriosclerosis. The overall patency rate was 59 per cent over a period of 3 to 8 years. Long-term patency was influenced by the condition of the run-off arteries, the site of the operation, and the method of surgery. No relation was found between patency rate and hypertension, cardiac insufficiency, total serum cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, or age. The survival rate was 62 per cent at 5 years and 48 per cent at 7 years. These rates were significantly poor (p less than 0.001), compared with those in the normal population. Mortality was related to the degree of hypertension, with cardiac and renal failure being responsible for 72 per cent of deaths. Aggressive reconstruction may be indicated in cases with hypertension of stage 2 or below based on the WHO classification. However, especially in patients with associated diabetes mellitus close long-term observation of the cardiovascular system is necessary.
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PMID:Long-term prognosis for reconstruction of arterial lesions due to arteriosclerosis. 47 Feb 53

A 46 year old woman who used oral contraceptives (OCs) for 10 years developed severe arteriosclerosis of the base of the brain and renally fixed hypertension. She subsequently died of cerebral hemorrhage. The relationship between o.c. use and hypertension is discussed. A thorough family and personal anamnesis must be taken for women who want to use o.c.s; hypertension, kidney ailments, obesity, or diabetes mellitus require particular attention. Blood pressure should be checked for the first 3 months of o.c. use and every 6 months thereafter. Weight gain during o.c. use may serve as a warning symptom. Hypertension or several other difficulties require discontinuation of o.c. use to determine whether they may be caused by o.c.s.
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PMID:[The problem of hypertension and ovulation inhibitors]. 47 16

Since 1962 until 1976 we have performed 335 operations on the carotid artery in 268 patients. In 1977 we were able to obtain information from 265 patients. The early mortality in stage I, II and IV was one to three percent, in stage III 40 percent. The cumulative survival rate after four years was 74 percent. The main causes of death were cardiac diseases. Often the patients also had heart failure, peripheral arterial diseases, hypertension, and diabetes. Following the operation at least one third of the patients had an improvement of their symptoms.
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PMID:[Survey after correction of carotid stenosis (author's transl)]. 48 7

The Authours wish to do a personal contribution to the anginosis syndromes. We have a series of fifty-two cases divided in various syndromes. We have, then, examined the possible factors of coronary risk, such as arterious hypertension, smoke, diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia.
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PMID:[Angina syndromes. Clinical data and case contributions from an emergency ward]. 48 99

The distribution of the types of hyperlipoproteinaemias revealed 2 peaks of frequency, i. e. in the types IIa and IIb corresponding 41% and in the types IV and V corresponding 55%. Weight indices and disturbed glucose tolerance are in the types III-V significantly higher than in the types IIa and IIb. The risk factor hypertension was registered in 34% in the investigation material. The highest prevalence rates for myocardial infarctions were in the patients of the types IIb and III, for PAD in the type III. The addition of hypertension and diabetes mellitus to hyperlipoproteinaemia reveals an exacerbation of the vascular risk. Changes of the fundus oculi, which correspond to the picture of a fundus hypertonicus cause to think of the presence of a hyperlipoproteinaemia in all patients with normotension.
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PMID:[Vascular complications in primary hyperlipoproteinemias (HLP) with special reference to changes in the eye fundus]. 48 17

The US Census Bureau's 1977 projection of the nation's population aged 65 and older by the year 2000 was 31.8 million. This paper addresses the projection that in the future a higher proportion of the population in the United States will be older persons. It is obvious that older Americans are living longer with an increased incidence of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiac problems, and obesity, requiring medical and nutritional care. This paper discusses commitment to provide quality services in terms of prescribing appropriate and functional therapeutic diets to meet the needs of older Americans. Two mechanisms are discussed that are effective tools for calculating diabetic diet prescriptions and weight reduction diets based on energy level and energy needs. Also discussed are the provision of assistance to meet the social support needs of old people such as food stamps, Meals-on-Wheels, and homemaker's service.
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PMID:Nutritional care considerations of older Americans. 49 Jun 73

Although human need for various nutrients is well-established, the exact requirements for the different nutrients are not well-known. Nutrient requirements are affected by genetics; environment; nature of the diet; and hemeostatic demands under changing physiological conditions expressed as growth, reproduction and response to the stress of injury or disease. Pregnant and lactating women should be properly nourished if well-nourished infants are desired. Nutrient and energy needs are considerably increased during pregnancy and lactation. The most rapid growth of infants occurs during the 1st 4 to 6 months of life. Because of the many advantages of breast milk over artificial milk, full-term newborn infants should be breastfed, unless there are specific contraindications or breastfeeding is unsuccessful. The American Medical Association (AMA) urges that better efforts be made to educate the public and the medical profession as to the advantages of breastfeeding. The 4th to the 6th months of life constitute the transitional period in infant feeding. The baby should be introduced to single-ingredient foods in small quantities, one at a time, to isolate food sensitivities. Good eating habits can be formed early in life through the proper and gradual introduction of varied and nutritional meal patterns. Energy balance is a nutritional problem in late childhood and once maturity is achieved, while calorically and nutritionally inadequate diets are a growing concern for the elderly. Immoderate eating habits (e.g., overeating) may aggravate or contribute to the development of degenerative diseases and should be discouraged. The AMA recommends that the American public focus on the achievement and maintenance of the most desirable body weight through a proper combination of dietary control and exercise. Specific dietary modifications (sodium restriction, weight control) are necessary in the management of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart diseases and other medical problems. The medical profession should assume a more active role in teaching people how to achieve and maintain good health habits through behavioral modification.
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PMID:American Medical Association concepts of nutrition and health. Council on Scientific Affairs. 49 Aug 37

A 55-year-old female presented bilateral external ophthalmoplegias and a hypesthesia in the left face and then an intracranial bruit, bilateral conjunctival injections and bilateral chemosis. In her past history, there were right retinal hemorrhage, diabetes mellitus and hypertension but no cranial trauma. The arteriographical aspects were almost identical in both sides: selective external carotid arteriography revealed an opacification of the cavernous sinus through the ascending pharyngeal artery, the accessory meningeal artery and the middle meningeal artery, but the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries did not participate in these fistulae. The association in our case of spontaneous external carotid-cavernous fistulae with intrahepatic gallbladder derived from a developmental arrest in the early stage of embryonic life suggests that spontaneous external carotid-cavernous fistula is derived from communications between extra-cranial vessels and the sinuses in the early stage of embryonic life.
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PMID:[A case of bilateral spontaneous external carotid-cavernous fistulae with intrahepatic gallbladder (author's transl)]. 49 86


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