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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
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In 45 patients with hearing loss we found metabolic and other "risk factors" above average. In 96% of those patients there was one "risk factor" at least. Latent (63.8%) or manifest diabetes (6.6%) was most frequent. Hyperuricemia was observed in 35.9% and hyperlipoproteinemia type IIa/IIb or IV in 24.2%. Non-metabolic risk factors (overweight, elevated blood pressure, smoking, stress) were found in 80% of the patients. It seems possible and more likely that hearing loss is caused by "risk factors" and consecutive vascular complications of the inner ear than by neurologic or orthopedic diseases. The diagnosis "hearing loss" should motivate the otologist to look for "risk factors" by interdisciplinary cooperation.
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PMID:[Frequency and distribution of risk factors in hearing loss]. 91 45

Fasting levels of plasma cholersterol and triglyceride, lipoprotein patterns, and fasting and postintravenous glucose levels of blood glucose, serum insulin, serum growth hormone, and plasma free fatty acids in a genetic potential diabetic population were compared to those in a similar normal control population. THe potential diabetic population was further divided into groups of patients with a normal (prediabetic) or abnormal (chemical diabetic) glucose tolerance test. Although no clear-cut lipid differences were noted, certain trends appeared. More type IV hyperlipoproteinemia was seen in male prediabetic (21%) and male chemical diabetic patients (19%) than in normal male subjects (5%); in female subjects only a few type IV patterns were seen. Type II hyperlipoproteinemia was not seen in any normal subject, but was noted in nearly 9% of those with chemical diabetes. Fasting cholesterol levels correlated better with age than did fasting triglyceride levels in most of the patient groups. Fasting triglyceride levels showed a significant positive correlation with the serum insulin area of the oral glucose tolerance test in the normals wna prediabetic persons, and also showed a significant positive correlation with the blood glucose area of the prediabetic and chemical diabetic patients. It is suggested that a normal relationship between triglyceride concentration and insulin response to glucose is lost in chemical diabetes. Sex differences were also noted in the inslin response and the insulin-glucose relationships during the oral glucose tolerance test, with normal menstruation women showing a significantly lower insulin-glucose relationship than the age-related men.
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PMID:Lipid, glucose, and insulin interrelationships in normal, prediabetic, and chemical diabetic subjects. 95 89

The frequency and distribution of risk factors of arteriosclerosis were determined in 405 patients with implanted cardiac pacemakers and compared with the corresponding results of patients with cardiac infarction. The most frequent risk factors were smoking (43,5%), hypertension (35,2%), and diabetes (34,3%) in males, hypertension (52,3%) and diabetes (49,7%) in females. The frequency of cardiac infarction was in average 19,5%. In the infarction group diabetes was lower in both sexes (23,5% and 35,8%), respectively), hyperlipoproteinemia and smoking were more frequent. From the different distribution of risk factors it is suggested, that coronary arteriosclerosis is not the most important etiologic factor in the development of bradycardic dysrhythmias. The higher percentage of diabetes in the pacemaker group could point to metabolic disturbances or specific diabetic vascular disease as harmful factors to the conduction system.
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PMID:[Risk factors of arteriosclerosis in patients with severe bradycardia arrhythmias]. 99 7

A report on the neurological results of an investigation carried out on 38 patients with pigmentary degeneration of the retina. The ophthalmological investigation did not indicate a systemic disease. The neurological findings, however, revealed a systemic disorder in many cases.-The constitutions of 20 patients (52.5%) were marked by pathological stigmata. The EEG was abnormal in more than 50% of the cases. The EMG showed a prolonged nerve conduction time for 2 of a total of 4 deaf patients. The EMG also revealed a patient with both pigmentary degeneration of the retina and a mold form of myasthenia gravis. The biochemical results indicated hyperlipoproteinemia in 6 cases (15.8%), diabetes mellitus in 2 cases and a pathological increase of uric acid in the serum in 8 cases. These results suggest that pigmentary degeneration of the retina is not a homogenous disease. It must be seen as a "phenomenologically identical, polygenetic type of reaction" (Janzen). A comprehensive analysis of the individual case can therefore lead to implications which are of direct therapeutic significance.
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PMID:[Pigmentary degeneration of the retina: neurological and biochemical findings (author's transl)]. 114 89

Plasma lipids, blood glucose, and urinary glucose excretion were measured in 270 juvenile diabetic children upon admission to and throughout periods of summer camping during which the effect of a usual and a modified diabetic diet was assessed. The usual diabetic diet contained 700-1,500 mg. cholesterol daily with a polyunsaturated/saturated (P/S) ratio of 0.1, while the modified diet limited cholesterol to 300 mg. daily with a P/S ratio of 1.0. Both diets maintained calories with 40 per cent as fat, 40 per cent as carbohydrate, and 20 per cent as protein. Analysis of fasting blood glucose, qualitative and quantitative glucose excretion, and body weight indicated that groups were comparable except for the diet used. Elevated mean levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were approximately equally distributed in diabetic children of both sexes upon admission to camp, with 24 per cent demonstrating hyperlipoproteinemia. Eleven per cent had type II, 10 per cent type IV, and 3 per cent type V hyperlipoproteinemia upon admission. After following the usual diet, 21 per cent were type II, 1 per cent type IV, and none type V, with no reduction in the over-all incidence of hyperlipoproteinemia despite lower triglyceride and glucose levels. After consumption of the modified diet, hyperlipoproteinemia was reduced to 5 per cent, with 4 per cent type II and 1 per cent type IV. Results of this study indicated that plasma lipids in juvenile diabetics were elevated when first observed and that the control of blood sugar levels along with a diabetic diet with lower cholesterol and increased polyunsaturated fat significantly reduced the incidence of hyperlipoproteinemia more effectively than control of blood sugar levels alone.
Diabetes 1975 Jul
PMID:Plasma lipid levels in diabetic children. Effect of diet restricted in cholesterol and saturated fats. 115 32

Concentrations of immunoreactive insulin activity (IRI) and proinsulin activity (IRP), blood glucose, free fatty acids (FFA), glycerol, cholesterol, triglycerides were analyzed in 140 subjects suspect of protodiabetes and 50 healthy persons before, during and after a glucose infusion test (GIT). The protodiabetic subjects were classified into normweight, overweight, obese, hyperlipemic groups with diet or with Regadrin therapy and each of them subdivided into such with normal and such with pathological carbohydrate tolerance. Norm- and overweight subjects with asymptomatic diabetes were characterized by a significant reduction of insulin secretion during both phases. Obese patients with or without hyperlipoproteinemia demonstrated an increased IRI reaction during the late phase of secretion. Carbohydrate intolerance was associated with an enhancement of basal triglyceride levels and a reduced depression of glycerol and FFA during the GIT. There were no differences in fasting or reactive IRP concentrations between healthy and protodiabetic subjects with normal carbohydrate tolerance. In asymptomatic diabetes the IRP levels were increased during the late secretion phase, but the percentage of IRP in total IRI was normal or--in existing high response--significantly reduced in comparison to norm response. The results do not support an enhanced IRP secretion as the cause of carbohydrate intolerance.
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PMID:Effect of glucose infusion on venous blood levels of immunoreactive proinsulin activity, insulin activity and fat parameters in healthy and protodiabetic subjects. 122 47

Asymptomatic hyperuricemia should be treated only if the plasma uric acid levels are around 10 mg/100 ml or more on several determinations. In addition, patients on a purine-free diet who excrete more than 600 mg uric acid per 24 h should be treated. In both cases, treatment is intended to be prophylactic against gouty nephropathy. At present there is no evidence that primary hyperuricemia alone is a risk factor for early atherosclerosis and especially coronary artery disease. However, more attention should be paid to the accompanying risk factors such as obesity, hyperlipoproteinemia, diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
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PMID:[Which uric acid value is in need of treatment?]. 126 67

Hyperlipoproteinemia is common in recipients of renal allografts. In this study, serum lipids and some possible contributing factors--weight gain, weight relative to ideal body weight, daily dose of prednisone, serum creatinine, 24-hour urinary protein, and diabetes mellitus--were assessed in 100 patients. At the end of the first year after transplantation, 57 of the 100 patients had total serum cholesterol concentrations of 240 mg/dl or more--40 of 75 patients without diabetes and 17 of 25 with diabetes. The mean values for weight gain (11.2 kg) and actual weight relative to ideal body weight (19.4 kg) were significantly greater (P = 0.029 and P = 0.01, respectively) in the subgroup of patients without diabetes who had total serum cholesterol values of 240 mg/dl or more at 1 year after transplantation than in those with values of less than 240 mg/dl. The daily dose of prednisone and the serum creatinine levels were similar in these two subgroups. The 24-hour urinary protein measurements were greater at 1 month than at 1 year in both patients with and those without diabetes. Perhaps the initial dietary advice for patients who have undergone renal transplantation should emphasize control of total caloric intake; subsequently, intake of cholesterol and fat can be modified in those patients who have persistent hyperlipoproteinemia.
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PMID:Weight change and serum lipoproteins in recipients of renal allografts. 143 99

This study has been designed to evaluate whether duration and severity of obesity can influence left ventricular function response to exercise in obese subjects without other known cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes or hyperlipoproteinemia. A total of 29 obese subjects were included and they were divided, according to their body mass index and to Garrow's criteria as follows: Overweight or mildly obese subjects: body mass index from 25 to 30 kg/m2; moderately obese subjects: body mass index > 30 and < 40 kg/m2. Both obese groups were further subdivided according to their duration of obesity evaluated by accurate anamnesis in subgroup A (duration of obesity less than 120 months) and subgroup B (duration of obesity more than 120 months). Left ventricular ejection fraction was detected by blood pool gated radionuclide angiocardiography both at rest and after symptom-limited bicycle ergometer procedure. At peak exercise left ventricular ejection fraction increased significantly (p < 0.05) only in overweight subjects. Exercise produced an increase of left ventricular ejection fraction in 14 overweight and in 5 moderately obese subjects and a decrease in 2 moderately obese subjects. At peak exercise mean heart rate and mean blood pressure increased significantly (p < 0.001) in both groups. When obese subjects were subgrouped according to duration of obesity, left ventricular ejection fraction increased significantly (p < 0.05) only in overweight subjects with duration of obesity less than 120 months. Duration of obesity correlated inversely with percent change in left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) at peak exercise (delta EF) (r = -0.59; p < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Left ventricular function response to exercise in normotensive obese subjects: influence of degree and duration of obesity. 145 80

The aim of the study was to evaluate the direct influence of lipid parameters (total and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and total lipids) on the rheologic-coagulative pattern. We studied blood rheological properties--blood (BV), plasmatic (PV), and seric (SV) viscosity, whole blood (WBF) and red cell (RCF) filterability--and some coagulative factors--fibrinogen (Fib), levels of clotting factor VII (fVIIc) and VIII (fVIIIc) activity--in 156 men aged 40-54 years; 87 patients had type II hyperlipoproteinemia (46 type IIa and 41 type IIb) and 69 were normolipemic controls. Smokers, patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus or cardiovascular clinical manifestations were excluded. Type IIb hyperlipoproteinemic patients had increased blood viscosity (shear rate 225 sec-1, p. less than 0.01), which was positively correlated with triglycerides and fibrinogen concentration. Levels of fibrinogen, fVIIc and fVIIIc activity did not differ significantly in hyperlipemic patients and controls, although fVIIc activity and fibrinogen were both positively related with lipid parameters. These data suggest that, in absence of other major risk factors, the alterations of the rheologic-coagulative pattern are mainly dependent on the severity of the lipid disorder.
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PMID:[The relationships between the lipoprotein profile and rheological-coagulation parameters in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia type II]. 162 10


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