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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The frequency of antibodies to the hepatitis B surface antigen was determined in 406 diabetics in two study series separated in time (1971-1972 and 1974-1975). In the 1971-1972 series, the antibody frequency in insulin and orally treated patients was significantly higher, and the incidence of hepatitis was also greater. The decline in the antibody frequency in the 1974-1975 series is primarily attributed to improved hygienic measures. Anti-HBs was more frequently demonstrable in insulin-dependent diabetics than in orally treated patients. Since the duration of diabetes was about three times as long in this treatment group and the frequency of metabolic checks twice as great, the raised antibody frequency in insulin-injecting diabetics was attributed to greater exposure to the virus.
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PMID:Antibodies against the hepatitis B surface antigen in diabetics. 85 42

The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg) and antibody (anti-HBS) was determined in 531 white and 519 black diabetic outpatients and in appropriate white and black control populations. There was no difference between the prevalence of either HBSAg or anti-HBS in either the white or black diabetics and that in the white and black controls. These findings make it unlikely that the vast majority of patients with diabetes mellitus have either an increased susceptibility to infection by the hepatitis B virus or an impaired ability to clear the virus once they are infected.
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PMID:Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody in white and black patients with diabetes mellitus. 100 26

A community health survey of 923 residents aged 30 years or more was performed in Putai Township of Taiwan. To elucidate the relationships between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and surrogate tests for non-A, non-B hepatitis in hyperendemic areas of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglycerides, cholesterol, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) were examined. Glucose tolerance tests and the history of diabetes treatment were used to define the diabetes status. Fatty liver was diagnosed by sonography. The prevalence of anti-HCV was 2.6% (95% confidence interval, 1.6-3.6%). Elevated ALT and fatty liver were significantly associated with anti-HCV in univariate analysis. Anti-HCV was not an associated factor for fatty liver after adjusting for serum triglycerides and cholesterol, sex, body mass index and diabetes status through multiple logistic regression. However elevated ALT was still associated with anti-HCV after adjusting for serum triglycerides, sex, body mass index, HBsAg and age through multiple linear regression. The anti-HCV prevalence was similar between HBsAg-positive and negative subjects. Aggregation of HCV infection was found among spouses. It was concluded that elevated ALT and intimate contact with HCV carriers might be associated factors for HCV infection, and that HBV infection and fatty liver were not related to HCV infection in Taiwan.
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PMID:Relationship between fatty liver, alanine aminotransferase, HBsAg and hepatitis C virus. 138 55

Seventy-nine patients of end stage renal disease (ESRD) on maintenance haemodialysis were studied. Most of the cases were in their prime of life. The disease was equally common in both sexes and all ethnic groups. Chronic glomerulonephritis was the commonest cause followed by diabetes mellitus. Hypertension was the commonest associated illness. All patients were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody and those found negative were vaccinated. A-V fistula in the upper extremity was used as the vascular access in 93% cases. In 68% cases dialyzer was reused without any ill effect. Amongst the complications observed, hypotension was seen in 65%, psychological disorders in 52%, followed by nausea, vomiting, itching and cramps. Technical complications were related to A-V fistula in 45% cases. Forty three percent patients were maintained without blood transfusion and 88% showed improvement in their quality of life.
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PMID:Experience of haemodialysis at the Kidney Centre. 146 63

Cardiovaskular and pulmonary diseases, terminal renal failure, hepatitis B and C as well as the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, hemorrhagic diatheses, diabetes mellitus and hyperthyreosis are the major systemic diseases related to the practice of dentistry and require a modified treatment plan. Dental treatment during pregnancy may involve a risk for the woman and the fetus. The article outlines the most important aspects of interdisciplinary care for medial high-risk patients in the dental practice, refers to further readings and emphasizes the necessity of active continued education in the field of general medicine and specific emergency care.
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PMID:[Medical high-risk patient in the dental practice]. 153 10

To understand the content of ambulatory family practice and find effective ways to improve clinical service, education and research in the Department of Family Medicine of Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital, we surveyed 14,064 patients from Jan. 1984 to Feb. 1991 and analysed (a) their basic demographic data including sex, age, insurance type, source and residential district and (b) clinical health problems covering 25,679 diagnoses and 148,994 diagnostic visits. Clinical health problems were recorded by the ICHPPC-2 code system. Results of basic demographic survey were as follow: 49.1% of patients was male and 50.9% female; 58.9% fell in the age group of 16-40 years and 22.4%, 12.0% and 6.7% of patients fell into the age groups of 41-65, under 16 and over 65 years respectively; 62.8% was insured usually by labor insurance and 26.9% had no insurance; the commonest referrals were other patients, colleagues, company personnel, doctors, media ... etc.; 58.8% lived in Kaohsiung City and 19.6% in Kaohsiung county. As for clinical health problems, the data showed that the commonest thirty diagnoses encountered at our clinic accounted for 69.3% of 25,679 diagnoses and the commonest ten diagnoses in descending order were medical health examination, acute URI, abdominal pain, uncomplicated hypertension, prophylactic immunization, hepatitis B carrier, back pain, anxiety disorder, viral hepatitis and irritable bowel syndrome. By calculating the average value of each diagnosis in a sample of 148,994 diagnostic visits to evaluate the habits of practice, we found that the commonest ten diagnostic visits at clinic in descending order were diabetes mellitus, hypertension involving target organ, uncomplicated hypertension, gout, hyperthyroidism, duodenal ulcer, tuberculosis, lipid metabolism disorder, other peptic ulcer and depressive disorders; all were chronic diseases. We concluded it was very important and helpful for the development of family medicine program and primary care unit to understand the content of their own ambulatory practice.
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PMID:[The content of ambulatory family practice in Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital]. 156 Apr 75

Overall 995 children with different somatic chronic diseases were examined for viral hepatitis B markers demonstration using up-to-date highly sensitive methods (hemagglutination inhibition test, EIA). In the control group (children with acute intestinal infections), HBV-infection markers were discovered in 4.3%. Children with diabetes mellitus (13.1%), chronic renal diseases (18.9%), pulmonary diseases (32.8%), bronchial asthma (33.3%) and hemophilia (85.2%) are attributed to the group at greater risk for HBV infection. As a rule, the rate of HBV-infection markers demonstration in chronic somatic diseases was higher in considerable duration of the underlying illness. The overwhelming majority of the children examined had suffered subclinical forms of HBV-infection as shown by the disease history, whereupon they manifested antibodies against HBV antigens. HBs-antigenemia, that persisted for a long time (chronic HBV-infection) was demonstrable far less frequently. The authors provide evidence for the necessity of carrying out a broad-scale screening of HBV-infection markers in the indicated risk groups and vaccination against hepatitis B in children without HBsAG and without immunity to viral hepatitis B. The importance of measures aimed at preventing infections transmitted via blood is emphasized.
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PMID:[Frequency of detection of hepatitis B markers in various chronic diseases in children]. 161 3

Several workers reported an increased susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) in immunosuppressed patients. A study was carried out on 4 groups of supposedly immunocompromised patients for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and anti-HBs. The 4 groups of patients were suffering from: Leprosy, Bronchial asthma, Diabetes and hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis. Serum specimens were obtained from 137 patients representing the 4 groups and from a control group of 25 healthy individuals. All sera were tested by ELISA technique for HBsAg and anti-HBs. Results indicated that HBsAg carrier rate was 4% for the control healthy group, 7% for Bronchial asthma, 10% for Diabetes, 24% for Leprosy and 28% for hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis. On the other hand, the anti-HBs was 21% for the control group, 29% for Schistosomiasis, 55% and 58% for Diabetes and Bronchial asthma respectively and 74% for Leprosy. This study shows that immunosuppressed patients particularly those suffering from leprosy and hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis experience higher HBsAg carrier rate than the control group for the endemic hepatitis B (6-7 times higher for leprosy and Schistosomiasis). An important observation was the diminished anti-HBs rate in hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis patients, despite the highest HBsAg carrier rate they exhibited. This may be due to an immunological defect, resulting in an unsatisfactory antibody response and chronic hepatitis B antigenemia. In Egypt, where Schistosomiasis is prevalent (40-50%), the problems caused by hepatitis B infection are increased.
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PMID:Hepatitis B virus infection among immunocompromised patients in Egypt. 213 6

A case of holoprosencephaly associated with Dandy-Walker cyst is reported. The patient was a male baby whose mother had normal serum titers for toxoplasma, syphilis, rubella and hepatitis B. She had no history of diabetes mellitus, administration of drugs or irradiation during the pregnancy. At the 8th month of gestation, fetal hydrocephalus was diagnosed by ultrasonic imaging. He was delivered by caesarean section at 34 weeks and 4 days, weighing 2,644 g. His head circumference was 42 cm; the anterior fontanel was not distended and its tension was normal. The chromosomal karyotype was a normal 46 XY. X-ray CT showed a large dorsal sac cyst in the supratentorial space and a hypoplastic cerebellum with a large cyst in the posterior fossa. He received a cyst-peritoneal shunt 24 days after birth. After this procedure, his head enlargement was arrested. We discuss the etiology of this rare coexistence of two major malformations.
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PMID:Holoprosencephaly with Dandy-Walker cyst. Rare coexistence of two major malformations. 217 75

This study was undertaken to analyse the clinical spectrum of chronic liver disease (cirrhosis, and others with portal hypertension) in Kuala Lumpur. Eighty patients were diagnosed over a 6-year period. Twenty-two had biopsy proven cirrhosis while 58 others had portal hypertension with clinical and biochemical evidence of chronic liver disease. The commonest aetiology was alcohol (36%), followed by the idiopathic variety and hepatitis B. The male to female ratio was 4.4:1. Indians had a high prevalence of alcohol-associated chronic liver disease. Overall, ascites was the commonest presentation. Eight patients presented with hepatocellular carcinoma. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was diagnosed in 13% of patients undergoing abdominal paracentesis. Gallstones were detected in 37% of patients who underwent ultrasonography. Diabetes mellitus and peptic ulcer disease were noted in 22% and 31% of patients respectively.
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PMID:Chronic liver disease in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: a clinical study. 225 36


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