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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

ODU Plaque-susceptible rats (ODUS/Odu) exhibit markedly heavy plaque formation in the lower incisors and develop both periodontal pockets and gingivitis after being fed a commercially available powder diet. These rats have been established as an inbred strain. We have demonstrated that the ODUS/Odu are a very suitable experimental model for studying periodontitis. We already reported about the allelic distribution, changes of plaque formation and body weight, biochemical nature, toxic activity, vascular permeability factor and bradykinin inactivating factor of the plaque, histological and immunological studies, the pH in the periodontal pocket, amount of saliva, IgA in the saliva, salivary kallikrein, the relationship between sialic acid in the saliva and the serum, leukocyte functions (chemotaxis and superoxide anion) in ODUS/Odu, histamine, mast cell, free radicals, superoxide dismutase activities in gingiva and gingival nerve fibers with substance P or calcitonin gene-related peptide, and effect of diabetes. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic ODUS/Odu may be a useful tool for studying the pathological mechanisms in the development of periodontal tissue breakdown in diabetes. ODUS/Odu should help to further establish the utility of this strain as a model for experimental periodontal disease.
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PMID:[Experimental periodontitis in rats]. 762 82

Fructosamine assay, which is used in diagnosing and monitoring diabetic patients, is compared with the hemoglobin and plasma glucose assays in children and adolescent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. We demonstrated that the gingival index scores were correlated with fructosamine values in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients but not in non-diabetic controls. We also found that there was no correlation between gingivitis scores and fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c values. Periodontitis was found to be rare in diabetic children and adolescents.
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PMID:Serum fructosamine correlates with gingival index in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). 798 22

The course of naturally acquired infection with feline immunodeficiency virus was monitored in a cat over an 18-month period after diagnosis. The cat was admitted with diarrhea, poor body condition, a bite wound abscess, gingivitis, chronic fever, and splenomegaly. The cat's condition improved after splenectomy and remained stable for approximately 15 months, then began to deteriorate, as gingivitis, polyuria, polydipsia, pyrexia, multiple cutaneous masses, and hind limb paresis developed. The in vitro response of the cat's lymphocytes to mitogens was suppressed, and absolute lymphocyte counts were low. Spinal lymphosarcoma, disseminated mastocytoma, and presumptive diabetes mellitus were diagnosed after euthanasia. Decreased immune surveillance associated with feline immunodeficiency virus-related immunosuppression possibly played a role in the development of neoplastic disease in this cat.
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PMID:Spinal lymphosarcoma and disseminated mastocytoma associated with feline immunodeficiency virus infection in a cat. 839 90

In the present two-year longitudinal investigation, the progression of periodontal disease was assessed after 1 year from the baseline examination in 38 dentate subjects and after 2 years in 22 dentate subjects with a mean duration of 18 years of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The diabetics, aged 35 to 56 years at baseline, were under medical treatment at the outpatient clinic of the III Department of Medicine, University Central Hospital of Helsinki and at 2 diabetic clinics of the Helsinki Health Centre. Based upon their long-term medical records, 26 subjects were at baseline identified as having poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes (PIDD) with a mean blood glucose level of 12.5 mmol/l and a mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1) level of 10.1%. 12 subjects were classified as having controlled insulin-dependent diabetes (CIDD) with a mean blood glucose level of 6.7 mmol/l and a mean HBA1 level of 9.2% at baseline. For each individual, recordings were made at baseline and after 1 and 2 years from the baseline for the plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, loss of attachment, bleeding after probing, gingival recession, and radiographic loss of alveolar bone. At baseline and 2 years after the baseline examination, the PIDD subjects had similar plaque conditions as the CIDD subjects. At baseline and after 1 and 2 years from baseline the PIDD subjects had more gingivitis and bleeding after probing (P < 0.05, chi 2-test) than the CIDD subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A longitudinal study on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease. 845 80

The aim of this study was to define a population of diabetics exhibiting an increased risk of developing severe periodontitis by comparing the medical status of 2 groups of diabetics, 1 with no/minor periodontal disease and 1 with severe periodontal disease. The case-control study consisted of 2 parts, a baseline study and a follow-up study. 39 case-control pairs were selected. They were adult, long-duration, insulin-dependent diabetics matched according to sex, age and diabetes duration. One individual in each pair (the CASE) exhibited severe periodontal disease while the other (the CONTROL) exhibited gingivitis or only minor alveolar bone loss. The median age of the cases was 58 years (range 36 to 70 years) and of the controls 59 years (range 37 to 69 years). The median disease duration in cases and controls was 24 years and 25 years, respectively. The median follow-up time was 6 years. The medical variables analysed were weight, insulin dose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, vibratory threshold, triglycerides, total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, creatinine, HbA1, proteinuria, ECG, retinopathy, stroke, transient ischemic attacks (TIA), angina, myocardial infarct, heart failure, hypertension, intermittent claudication, foot ulcer, death, cause of death, and smoking habit. Biochemical analyses and clinical variables used as a routine in the monitoring of diabetics failed to differentiate between diabetics with severe and minor periodontal disease. In the follow-up study, significantly higher prevalences of proteinuria and cardiovascular complications such as stroke, TIA, angina, myocardial infarct and intermittent claudication were found in the case group. An association between renal disease, cardiovascular complications and severe periodontitis seems to exist. This indicates that a closer cooperation between the diabetologist and the dentist is necessary in monitoring the diabetic patient.
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PMID:Medical status and complications in relation to periodontal disease experience in insulin-dependent diabetics. 870 78

The present investigation was performed to study the frequency of recurrence of periodontitis in diabetic subjects, who, prior to the initiation of a 5-year period of monitoring, were treated for moderate to advanced periodontal disease. 20 patients with diabetes, type 1 (IDDM) or type 2 (NIDDM) and 20, sex and age matched, controls with similar amounts of periodontal tissue destruction, were selected for the study. Following a screening examination, all patients were subjected to non-surgical periodontal therapy (oral hygiene instruction, supra- and subgingival scaling). 3 months later, the baseline examination for the study was performed. This included assessments of several parameters such as: number of teeth, plaque, gingivitis, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level. 6 months after the baseline examination, all 40 subjects were recalled for a 2nd examination. Sites which at this 6-month examination exhibited bleeding on probing, and had probing depth > 5 mm, were scheduled for additional surgical therapy (modified Widman flap). Following this selective additional therapy, the main period of monitoring was initiated. During this period, a plaque control program was repeated every 3 months. Re-examinations regarding plaque, gingivitis, probing depth and probing attachment level were performed 12, 24 and 60 months after the baseline examination. The findings from the examinations disclosed that diabetics and non-diabetics alike, treated for moderately to advanced forms of adult periodontitis, during a subsequent 5-year period, were able to maintain healthy periodontal conditions. Thus, the frequency of sites which exhibited signs of recurrent disease was similar in the 2 study groups.
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PMID:The effect of periodontal therapy in diabetics. Results after 5 years. 884 44

One hundred and thirty-one patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (IDDM) and 20 healthy controls were checked for the presence of periodontal diseases and for some oral microbiological parameters. Results demonstrated that IDDM patients, who were well compensated from both the metabolic and clinical point of view, showed a prevalence for periodontopathies, which only differed slightly from controls. Only the presence of gingivitis was significantly higher in IDDM patients than in healthy subjects. Both anaerobic and aerobic microbial flora did not show substantial differences for either group. Among the salivary antibacterial factors studied, lysozyme was significantly decreased in diabetic patients compared to controls. It is concluded that IDDM patients undergo periodontal complications with a frequency quite close to that of non-diabetic healthy subjects, when the disease is under strict metabolic and clinical control.
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PMID:Periodontal disease, oral microbial flora and salivary antibacterial factors in diabetes mellitus type 1 patients. 898 24

Gingival health (bleeding on probing) and oral hygiene (plaque percent) were assessed in 2 groups of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). 1st study group included 12 newly diagnosed diabetic children and adolescents (age range 6.3-14.0 years, 5 boys and 7 girls). They were examined on the 3rd day after initial hospital admission and at 2 weeks and 6 weeks after initiation of insulin treatment. Gingival bleeding decreased after 2 weeks of insulin treatment (37.8% versus 19.0%, p < 0.001, paired t-test), and remained at the same level when examined 1 month later while glucose balance was excellent. Another group (n = 80) of insulin-dependent diabetic children and adolescents (age range 11.7-18.4 years, 44 boys and 36 girls) with a mean duration of diabetes 6.0 years (range 0.3-15.0 years) were examined 2x at 3-month intervals. Subjects with poor blood glucose control (glycosylated haemoglobin, HbA1, values over 13%) had more gingival bleeding (46.3% on examination 1, 41.7% on examination 2) than subjects with HbA1 values less than 10% (mean gingival bleeding 35.2% and 26.9%, respectively) or subjects with HbA1 values between 10 to 13% (mean gingival bleeding 35.6% and 33.4%, respectively). Differences were significant on both examinations (p < 0.05, Anova), and remained significant after controlling the groups for differences in age, age at the onset of diabetes, duration of diabetes and pubertal stage (Ancova). Results were not related to differences or changes in dental plaque status, supporting the concept that imbalance of glucose metabolism associated with diabetes predisposes to gingival inflammation. An increase in gingival bleeding in association with hyperglycaemia suggests that hyperglycaemia-associated biological alterations, which lower host resistance toward plaque, have apparently taken place. Consequently, although not all gingivitis proceeds into a destructive periodontal disease, prevention of plaque-induced gingival inflammation should be emphasised, particularly in children and adolescents with poorly controlled diabetes.
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PMID:The onset of diabetes and poor metabolic control increases gingival bleeding in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 899 48

The aim of the present study was to identify whether monocytic TNF alpha secretion patterns could serve as a potential phenotypic discriminator for periodontal disease susceptibility within insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. In 32 IDDM individuals the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated monocytic TNF alpha secretion dose-response characteristics were analyzed and related to two different periodontal status categories. Diabetics were divided into group A (gingivitis or mild periodontal disease) and group B (moderate to severe periodontal disease). In addition, 17 non-diabetic individuals with various degrees of periodontal disease served as control patients. Diabetics as a group had a significantly higher monocytic TNF alpha production in response to increasing Porphyromonas gingivalis A 7436 lipopolysaccharide concentrations (0, 0.003, 0.03, 0.3 and 3.0 micrograms/ml) as compared to non-diabetic patients with gingivitis or adult periodontitis (p < 0.05). A significant difference in the dose response was also noted in the level of TNF alpha secreted as a function of P. gingivalis LPS concentrations between group A and B diabetics, as determined by two-way repeated measurements ANOVA (p < 0.05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the mean HbA1C between the two diabetic groups, and the TNF alpha level was not significantly associated with the HbA1C level within diabetic patients. These data suggest that the diabetic state results in an upregulated monocytic TNF alpha secretion phenotype (4.6-fold increase) which, in the presence of Gram-negative bacterial challenge, is associated with a more severe periodontal disease expression. In addition, approximately 40% (10 of 24) IDDM periodontitis patients in group B demonstrated a 62-fold elevation in TNF alpha secretion relative to non-diabetic gingivitis or periodontitis patients and a 13.5-fold increase relative to IDDM group A (gingivitis or mild periodontitis) patients.
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PMID:Monocytic TNF alpha secretion patterns in IDDM patients with periodontal diseases. 904 92

The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and monocytic secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) were measured in a group of 39 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 64 systemically healthy individuals. Diabetics were divided into Group A (gingivitis or mild periodontal disease) and Group B (moderate or severe periodontal disease). Diabetics had significantly higher GCF levels of both PGE2 and IL-1 beta as compared to non-diabetic controls who were matched with regard to periodontal disease severity (P < 0.00001 and P = 0.0005, respectively). Within the diabetic population, the GCF levels of these inflammatory mediators were almost 2-fold higher in Group B as compared to Group A (P = 0.01, P = 0.006, respectively for GCF-PGE2 and IL-1 beta). Furthermore, diabetics as a group had a significantly higher monocytic PGE2 and IL-1 beta production in response to various concentrations of both Escherichia coli and Prophyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as compared to non-diabetic patients with adult periodontitis (P = 0.0001). LPS dose-response curves demonstrated that monocytes from Group B diabetics produced approximately 3 times more PGE2 than Group A monocytes; however, there was no significant difference in monocytic IL-1 beta secretion within the IDDM patients. The levels of GCF or monocytic mediators did not correlate with age, race, or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels. Our data suggest that the high GCF and monocytic secretion of PGE2 and IL-1 beta in IDDM patients may be a consequence of a systemic response trait and that the presence of Gram-negative infections such as periodontal diseases may interact synergistically to yield high local levels of these mediators and a more severe periodontal condition.
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PMID:Inflammatory mediator response as a potential risk marker for periodontal diseases in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. 905 29


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