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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using computerized in-patients' discharge records, a descriptive analysis was carried out of all medical admission in 1987 in a general hospital. The survey found that there were a total of 4053 admissions in 1987. A wide range of medical disorders were seen reflecting the lack of subspecialization. Cardiovascular disorders topped accounting for 25.6% of all admissions, followed by gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders 12.8% and respiratory disorders 10.7%. The commonest specific medical disorders seen were hypertension 13.8%, diabetes mellitus 10.2%, ischaemic heart disease 7% and asthma 4.5%. The age, sex, ethnic and geographical distributions of the common medical disorders seen appear to conform to two broad pattern; hypertension, diabetes, ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease affected the older patients, had even ethic distribution and predominantly urban. Malaria, non-specific fever, viral hepatitis and acute gastroenteritis affected the younger patients, predominantly rural and Malay. Information from such surveys may be useful for planning and organization of medical services.
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PMID:Descriptive analysis of total medical admissions and common medical disorders in 1987 Kuantan General Hospital, using computerized in-patients' discharge record. 183 19

Twenty patients with gastrointestinal mucormycosis are reviewed. This often fatal opportunistic fungal infection was diagnosed histologically, and was categorized as colonization (five patients), infiltration (seven patients), or vascular invasion (eight patients). There were no fatalities from colonization. In 10 patients, mucormycosis complicated peptic ulcer disease. Seven of these patients had infiltrative or invasive disease. The presentation and operative findings mimicked malignancy in five of these seven patients, and six had successful surgical intervention. The other patient was cured by medical therapy alone. Ten patients had infection associated with other gastrointestinal diseases: post-traumatic peritonitis (four patients), transmural amoebiasis (two patients), tuberculosis (one patient), gastroenteritis (one patient), gastric carcinoma (one patient) and diabetes (one patient). Eight patients had significant infection and only one survived. In this series, mucormycosis had a less aggressive course when complicating peptic ulcer than when it occurred in association with other gut diseases.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal mucormycosis. 191 15

The current health status of Native American children is inseparable from the problems of the American Indian society. The dominant issues for these children and their health care providers are poverty and alcoholism, with the associated problems of diabetes, gastroenteritis, accidents, and fetal alcohol syndrome. The implications for pediatric nurses include cultural sensitivity and discharge planning as a way to prevention as well as advocacy of Native American children.
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PMID:Health issues facing Native American children. 261 31

During the fall of 1979, 22/250 Swedish UN soldiers serving in Egypt were hospitalized with fever and gastroenteritis associated with aseptic meningitis. One of the 22 developed insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) 10 weeks following the infection. The majority of the 22 patients showed significant titer rise for coxsackievirus B by plaque reduction neutralization test. The serology results indicate that coxsackievirus B4 most likely caused the outbreak. All 22 were also tested for islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies and islet cell surface antibodies and found negative. The individual developing diabetes mellitus had the HLA-DR phenotype 3,4, which is associated with IDDM.
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PMID:An outbreak of coxsackievirus B infection followed by one case of diabetes mellitus. 298 80

In Finland, the combinations of ethinyl estradiol (EE) and levonorgestrel (LNG) or desogestrel are most used for oral contraception (OC) and LNG, linestrol or nethisterone are employed in the pills containing only progestogen. Their effect is reduced by antiepileptics primarily phenytoin, carbamazepine, barbiturates, and primidone, however, clonazepam and sodium valproate do not exert any influence. The cause is the effect of the drugs on the liver as they accelerate the metabolism of steroids by enzyme induction. Phenytoin induces sex hormones binding globulin (SHGB) synthesized by the liver. In addition to natural hormones also LNG and norethisterone are bound to SHGB. The decrease of the effect of progestogens has not been documented, in fact, some research data indicate that progesterone exerts a beneficial effect in the treatment of epilepsy. Thus, combination OC tablets that contain at least 50 mcg of EE can be used for hormonal contraception of epileptics. Rifampicin applied in chemotherapy of tuberculosis (TB) also exhibits an effect inducing liver enzymes, and that is the reason why rifampicin treatment resulted in undesired pregnancy and bleeding disorders during contraception by combination tablets. Therefore, the concomitant use of both agents is contraindicated. In Finland data are scarce on this effect, as TB is very rare there. In the case of other antibiotics the incompatibility with OCs is proven. It must be noted, however, that as a secondary effect, diarrhea and gastroenteritis treated by antibiotics can produce an unwanted pregnancy. The treatment of diabetes and hypertension can also be contraindication to the use of hormonal contraception, although it may be permitted under medical supervision and control of diabetes.
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PMID:[Hormonal contraception and other drug treatments]. 333 Nov 52

During a 12-month prospective study there were 125 visits to the Harlem Hospital Emergency Room for symptomatic hypoglycemia. Sixty-five patients had obtundation, stupor, or coma; 38 had confusion or bizarre behavior; 10 were dizzy or tremulous; 9 had had seizures; and 3 had suffered sudden hemiparesis. Diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, and sepsis, alone or in combination, accounted for 90% of predisposing conditions; others included fasting, terminal cancer, gastroenteritis, insulin abuse, and myxedema. Average blood glucose levels were lower among comatose than among obtunded patients, but overlap was considerable, and overall there was little correlation among cause, blood glucose levels, and symptoms. Although mortality was 11%, only one death was attributable to hypoglycemia per se, and only four survivors had focal neurological residua.
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PMID:Hypoglycemia: causes, neurological manifestations, and outcome. 400 66

The name juvenile tropical pancreatitis syndrome (JTPS) is proposed for a disease which affects young people of both sexes in certain parts of the tropics and which is characterised by abdominal pain, diabetes, steatorrhoea, and pancreatic calcification. The condition seems to start with blockage of the pancreatic ducts by laminated secretions or inspissated mucus plugs which later calcify. Chronic pancreatitis follows. The hypothesis is that plugs are the result of pancreatic stasis due to prolonged lack of food in the stomach and/or gastroenteritis and dehydration. Most plugs are probably dislodged during convalescence when protein-containing foods are eaten and stimulate vigorous flow of pancreatic juice. The sluggish pancreatic flow produced by very-low-protein diets may not dislodge plugs. Repeated infection and anorexia can enlarge the plugs which ultimately calcify. JTPS therefore occurs in Third-World areas with a high rate of childhood infections, and where low-protein staples are taken. Cereal staples seem to reduce the incidence of JTPS in endemic areas because of their protein content.
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PMID:Pathogenesis of juvenile tropical pancreatitis syndrome. 610 87

Dr. Grayson (February 21, p. 445) asks about changes in vital statistics of 3rd world populations as they develop. Of African populations, those in Johannesburg and other large South African cities, while still in transition, have now reached a relatively high level of sophistication. Their health pattern is likely to be that of other African countries as they prosper. The (IMR) infant mortality rate of blacks in Soweto, Johannesburg, is about 40/1000 live births, although nearer 30 in the regularly employed elite. This figure is similar to that for blacks in New York in 1965 and for class 5 persons in the United Kingdom. Small-town dwellers have higher IMRs and in rural areas the rates are higher still although they are decreasing everywhere. Family size is decreasing; in urban areas the average family has 3-4 children and the elite have 2-3. In Johannesburg during the 1960s, the birth rate was about 40/1000 and it is now 25. While the rate is higher in rural areas, it is falling. In the very young, gastroenteritis with or without malnutrition is still the leading cause of sickness and death in both urban and rural areas. Rates are however decreasing. Deficiency diseases, especially pellagra, remain a health problem in some areas. Tuberculosis still continues to be a major hazard although it is being dealt with. With the rise in socioeconomic status and associated changes in diet and lifestyle, obesity, especially in urban areas and especially among women, is becoming very prominent. Hypertension is more common and is the leading cause of natural death among urban dwellers. The toll from coronary heart disease and noninfective bowel disease remains inexplicably low, but diabetes is only somewhat less prevalent than it is among whites. Changes in cancar pattern and rates are slight; however, esophageal cancer in men and cervical cancer in women are the main causes of concern in the urban centers and some rural areas. Rising alcohol consumption is a major problem with its ramifications in pancreatic, liver, and heart problems. Cigarette smoking is now as common as among whites. Because of low rates for most degenerative diseases, blacks have, at middle age, a life expectancy exceeding that of whites. As sections of the 3rd world population prosper, the IMR decreases enormously as does family size. However, infections and malnutrition among the very young and tuberculosis in older groups remain important problems. Among adults, rises occur in some degenerative diseases but not in others, and diseases linked with hypertension and alcohol consumption have become formidably common, as they have in other developing and developed countries.
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PMID:Third World policies and realities. 611 Sep 78

Yersinia enterocolitica is known to be associated with gastroenteritis in children and Reiter's syndrome in adults, but it has only rarely been the cause of primary soft tissue infections. A patient with diabetes mellitus developed a calf abscess, from which Y. enterocolitica was isolated in pure culture. Incision, drainage, and intravenous gentamicin therapy resulted in cure.
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PMID:Pyomyositis caused by Yersinia enterocolitica. 649 Aug 20

There are only 6 published reports of pancreatitis associated with oral contraception (OC). This article presents 1 additional case. A 28 year old white woman was hospitalized for severe abdominal pains; gastroenteritis was diagnosed and the patient treated with Compazine and Maalox. Because of the increasing severity of pains the patient was rehospitalized and pancreatitis secondary to hyperlipoproteinemia was diagnosed. OC treatment was suspended, and the patient was successfully treated with Cimetidine, antacids, and insulin for elevated glucose. Pancreatitis caused by OC is probably due to alterations in lipid metabolism, and related to the estrogen content of the preparation used. A major study done recently with 2 types of synthetic estrogens combined with 3 types of progestogens confirmed that hypertriglyceridemia induced by OC was estrogen dosage-related. It seems apparent that OC use in patients with intrinsic lipid abnormalities may be contraindicated; other risk patients are those who are obese, diabetic, or with family antecedents of diabetes or hyperlipidemia.
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PMID:Birth control pills and pancreatitis. 707 Jan 28


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