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 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Phlegmonous gastritis is an acute and severe infectious disease that is occasionally fatal if the diagnosis is delayed. Alcohol consumption, an immunocompromised state (e.g., due to HIV infection, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, or adult T-cell lymphoma), and mucosal injury of the stomach are reported to be predisposing factors. The main treatments for phlegmonous gastritis are antibiotics administration or surgery. In this case, the patient's stomach was markedly distended due to long-lasting gastric-outlet obstruction, which is thought to be the predisposing factor for phlegmonous gastritis. We inserted a metal stent at the obstructed site palliatively due to strong refusal by the patient for surgery. The patient recovered after stenting and antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:A case of phlegmonous gastritis associated with marked gastric distension. 2098 Dec 25

Celiac disease, called gluten enteropathy, is a chronic disorder, characterized by the immunologic answer to the gluten contained in the wheat, barley and oat in genetically predisposed patients. The frequency of celiac disease is estimated on 0.5-1% in the adult population and proportion of diagnosed to non-diagnosed cases is 1 to 7. The clinical picture of that disease in adults presents wide spectrum of gastrointestinal and extraintestinal symptoms. There is 5-10 fold increased risk of its coexistence with other autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes mellitus type I, juvenile arthritis or autoimmune thyroiditis. Abnormal liver function or vascular thrombosis are also observed. Acute abdominal pain as the leading symptom is present in 16.3% of celiac cases. Moreover the increased frequency of the microscopic colitis and gastritis may influence on the persistence of clinical symptoms.
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PMID:[Clinical symptoms variety in adults with celiac disease]. 2159 62

There have been numerous methods and ways to classify autoimmune diseases. By far, the most traditional has been to separate immune-mediated pathology into organ-specific and organ-non-specific diseases. The classic systemic autoimmune diseases are, of course, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus. The classic organ-specific autoimmune diseases have been autoimmune thyroiditis and autoimmune gastritis. However, as our understanding of the loss of tolerance has expanded, so has the long list of autoimmune diseases. In many cases, the distinction between organ-specific and organ-non-specific or systemic autoimmunity becomes a blur. In this issue, we discuss recent concepts in autoimmune pancreatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, Goodpasture's syndrome, myofasciitis, type I diabetes, polymyositis, autoimmune thyroid disease, IgA nephropathy, autoimmune uveitis, and ANCA-associated vasculitis. Common themes on both etiology and effector mechanisms are described throughout these papers with an attempt to provide a cutting-edge overview.
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PMID:Cutting-edge issues in organ-specific autoimmunity. 2188 9

Free radical stress leads to tissue injury and progression of disease conditions such as arthritis, hemorrhagic shock, atherosclerosis, diabetes, hepatic injury, aging and ischemia, reperfusion injury of many tissues, gastritis, tumor promotion, neurodegenerative diseases and carcinogenesis. Safer anti-oxidants suitable for long term use are needed to prevent or stop the progression of free radical mediated disorders. Herbal medicine provides a foundation for various traditional medicine systems worldwide. The Sida species is one of the most important families of medicinal plants in India. Hence, the present study was aimed to investigate the possible anti-oxidant potential of Sida rhombifolia extracts for 30 days on adjuvant induced arthritis in experimental rats. The altered levels of hematological parameters were reverted to near normal levels, especially the elevated rate of erythrocyte sedimentation was significantly reduced by S. rhombifolia extracts in experimental rats. Oral administration of root and stem of S. rhombifolia extracts significantly increased the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase and decreased the levels of reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity in arthritis induced rats. The free radical scavenging activity of the plant was further evidenced by histological and transmission electron microscopy observations made on the hind limb tissue.
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PMID:Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of Sida rhombifolia stems and roots in adjuvant induced arthritic rats. 2197 Jun 21

Chinese medicine practitioners apply the differentiation reasoning for decision-making. The wide scope of Chinese medicine intervention provides coverage of methods and techniques with applications to primary, secondary and tertiary levels of prevention. The rapid evolution of mathematical and computational techniques allowed the implementation of several models for pattern differentiation that were tested for several physiologic systems. Concurrently, it is argued that pattern differentiation might improve the efficacy of either traditional or conventional medical interventions. This article reviewed the influence of pattern differentiation into clinical practice organized by medical field: general pattern differentiation; genitourinary (recurrent cystitis); cardiovascular (coronary heart disease; arterial hypertension; angina pectoris); neurology (stroke); surgery; metabolic (diabetes mellitus); hepatic (cirrhosis); gastrointestinal (chronic superficial gastritis); orthopedic (low back pain; rheumatoid arthritis; cervical spondylosis; elbow arthritis); oncology (gastric mucosal dysplasia; lung cancer); gynecologic and obstetric manifestations (nausea and vomiting). The reviewed studies presented achievements that have contributed to the integration of Chinese medicine and evidence-based medicine in the treatment of many mild and severe diseases. Target diseases considered as major public health problems were also investigated and the results are promising regarding the possibility to treat guided by pattern differentiation.
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PMID:Chinese medicine pattern differentiation and its implications for clinical practice. 2205 10

Primary headaches are rarely associated with orgasms. Indomethacin at doses of 25-50 mg/day taken 30-60 minutes prior to sexual activity may prevent headaches. Propranolol and metoprolole have been used for headaches that consistently emerge during frequent sexual activity of any type. It is also known that topiramate is useful for treating migraines, but it is rarely used for other primary headaches. The role of topiramate in the treatment of headaches associated with sexual activity is unclear. Indomethacin and propranolol could not be used in our patient who, besides sexual activity-associated headaches, suffered from gastritis and diabetes mellitus. Thus, topiramate (50 mg/day) was used prophylactically, and sexual activity-associated headaches did not recur during 6 months of topiramate therapy. This is the first report of positive response to topiramate as prophylactic treatment against sexual activity-associated headaches when propranolol and indomethacin are contraindicated.
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PMID:Primary headaches associated with sexual activity respond to topiramate therapy: a case report. 2214 Dec 88

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is often associated with autoimmune diseases such as: autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD), celiac disease (CD), autoimmune gastritis (AIG), pernicious anemia (PA) and vitiligo. Autoimmune thyroid disease is the most prevalent endocrinopathy among diabetic patients. Hypothyroidism, celiac disease or Addison's disease in patients with type 1 diabetes may deteriorate glycemic control and can lead to an increased rate of hypoglycemia. Autoimmune gastritis, pernicious anemia and celiac disease can cause malabsorption and anemia which additionally impair the quality of life in patients with T1DM. The presence of organ-specific autoantibodies can be used to screen patients who are at higher risk of developing autoimmune diseases. Such procedure can help to identify patients, who need to undergo treatment in order to decrease the rate of possible complications in the future. In this clinical review we present current opinions in terms of diagnosis, management and screening in the most common type 1 diabetes-associated autoimmune diseases.
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PMID:[Type 1 diabetes-associated autoimmune diseases: screening, diagnostic principles and management]. 2251 71

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common chronic infections in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Recent reports suggested that H. pylori might have high prevalence among patients with diabetes. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of H. pylori infection in diabetes mellitus and to study the relationship between histological findings and H. pylori infection in diabetic patients. Eighty patients with dyspepsia that were referred to our gastrointestinal department between May 2007 and May 2008 were included in our study. We checked fasting blood sugar for all of the study samples. All of patients underwent upper endoscopy and biopsy specimens were obtained from the antrum and the corpus. The specimens for the presence of H. pylori were colored by Giemsa stains. A single pathologist evaluated the histology slides. We found that prevalence of H. pylori infection was significantly higher in diabetics than in non-diabetics (P=0.001). Indeed, the prevalence of gastritis did differ significantly between the two groups (P=0.001). According to our results diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factor that must be considered in evaluation of H. pylori infection in diabetic patients with dyspepsia.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with dyspepsia. 2283 84

The article deals with the main groups of diseases as a reason for adult population to consult a municipal polyclinics for diagnostics and ambulatory treatment. These diseases are arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, gastritis, duodenitis, influenza and acute respiratory disease. It is established that the leading groups of technologies on the implementation of diagnostic process are the laboratory clinical analyses and common diagnostics measures which comprise 72.7% of all diagnostic technologies. In polyclinics, the foundation of treatment process is the common treatment measures which comprise 68.6% of all treatment technologies. This fact testifies the non-significant percentage of implementation of high-technology diagnostics technique and treatment in the ambulatory polyclinic conditions.
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PMID:[The implementation of diagnostic and curative technologies of improvement of population health in ambulatory polyclinic conditions]. 2335 94

Metagenomics which combines the power of genomics, bioinformatics, and systems biology, provide new access to the microbial world. Metagenomics permit the genetic analysis of complex microbial populations without requiring prior cultivation. Through the conceptual innovations in metagenomics and the improvements in DNA high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis technology, gastrointestinal microbiology has entered the metagenomics era and become a hot topic worldwide. Human microbiome research is underway, however, most studies in this area have focused on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota and the relationship between intestinal microbiota and metabolic diseases (obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, etc.) and intestinal disorders [inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), etc.]. Few investigations on microbiota have been conducted within the upper gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach and duodenum). The upper gastrointestinal microbiota is essential for several gastrointestinal illnesses, including esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal carcinoma, gastritis and gastric cancer, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, IBS and celiac disease. However, the constitution and diversity of the microbiota in different sections of the upper gastrointestinal tract under health and various disease states, as well as the function of microbiota in the pathogenesis of various digestive diseases are still undefined. The current article provides an overview of the recent findings regarding the relationship between upper gastrointestinal microbiota and gastrointestinal diseases; and discusses the study limitations and future directions of upper gastrointestinal microbiota research.
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PMID:Upper gastrointestinal microbiota and digestive diseases. 2353 78


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