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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Circulating parietal cell antibodies (PCA) were fund in 8 (5.4%) out of 147 diabetic children screened. Both sexes were equally represented, but the titres were higher in the girls. No clear relationship between the presence of these antibodies and age or the duration of diabetes was observed. Gastric studies were performed on 8 children with PCA (group A) and 41 without PCA (group B). Both basal (BAO) and maximal acid output (MAO) were significantly (p < 0.05) lower and fasting serum gastrin elevated (p < 0.01) in group A as compared with the control group. Two patients were achlorhydric. In group B, 17 patients out of the 41 studied had hyposecretion and one achlorhydria. The result became most obvious in the group with a duration and diabetes over 10 years, where MAO was significantly diminished (p < 0.05). Gastric morphology revealed atrophic gastritis in 3 patients from seven biopsies in group A and one out five biopsies for severe hyposecretion in group B. Two other children in group A had superficial gastritis. Serum ferritin levels decreased along with the duration of diabetes. Those with gastric mucosa had the lowest values.
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PMID:Parietal cell antibodies and gastric secretion in children with diabetes mellitus. 744 98

At some time in their lives one in a five persons is affected by urticaria and/or angioedema. The cause of urticaria may never be found in up to one quarter of patients with acute urticaria and in up to 90-95% with chronic urticaria. In this study we present results of our compounded approach (clinical follow up, laboratory findings, allergological testing) to patients with chronic urticaria and autoimmune diseases that progressed into chronic urticaria or started before the onset of the chronic urticaria. Our first case was a 56 year old woman with a 10 month history of chronic urticaria, angioedema and chronic gastritis before the diagnoses of insulin dependent Diabetes mellitus and Hypothyreoidismus primarius were established. Allergological testing reveals specific clinical significant immediate reaction to Balsam Peru. After adequate substitutional therapy was advocated and with specific clinical avoidance of offended allergen, remission was obtained. The second case was a 46 year old female suffering from chronic urticaria (with clinical features of urticaria like vasculitis) associated with hypocomplementemia (particularly C4 depressed) with negative antinuclear antibodies but positive circulating immune complexes after a 2 year follow up the patient developed Systemic lupus erythematosus. The third case was a 63 year old woman who developed chronic urticaria 3 years after total thyroidectomy, with pathological finding of Thyroiditis lymphocytaria-Hashimoto; after the allergological testing, positive lymphocyte transformation test revealed allergical sensitization to Vobenol was substituted with Thyvoral, complete remission was obtained.
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PMID:[Chronic urticaria from the aspect of autoimmune diseases]. 756 41

Autoimmune gastritis, induced by day-3 thymectomy of BALB/c mice, is a destructive CD4+ T cell-mediated disease characterized by leukocyte infiltrates in the gastric mucosa, loss of parietal and chief cells and anti-gastric H/K ATPase autoantibodies. Our previous studies have indicated that a T cell response to the H/K ATPase beta subunit is required for the onset of autoimmune gastritis (Alderuccio, F., Toh, B. H., Tan, S. S., Gleeson, P. A. and van Driel, I. R., J. Exp. Med. 1993. 178: 419). To determine whether a response to the beta subunit autoantigen is alone sufficient to induce autoimmunity, or whether other tissue-specific factors are required, we have generated transgenic mice expressing the gastric H/K ATPase beta subunit in beta islet cells of the pancreas (RIP-H/K beta). RIP-H/K beta mice developed autoimmune gastritis and insulitis after day-3 thymectomy. Significantly, insulitis, observed as a peri-islet infiltrate, was only detected in thymectomized mice with autoimmune gastritis. There was no apparent immune destruction of the pancreas as insulitis did not progress to invasion of the islets or diabetes. Double transgenic mice, expressing the gastric H/K ATPase beta subunit in the thymus and in the pancreas, were protected from both gastritis and insulitis after day-3 thymectomy. Therefore, insulitis in the RIP-H/K beta mice appears to be dependent on a T cell response to the H/K ATPase beta subunit. This is the first example where an organ-specific initiating autoantigen has been expressed in another peripheral tissue. Autoimmune destruction in the stomach, but not the pancreas, indicates that tissue-specific factors play a fundamental role in the development of organ-specific autoimmunity.
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PMID:Expression of a gastric autoantigen in pancreatic islets results in non-destructive insulitis after neonatal thymectomy. 758 46

Presented here is our own experience acquired in the course of one war-year in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovnia. Numerous factors that have altered the picture of a number of diseases, their frequency, character and intensity, and as a result, their diagnostica and therapy, have been noticed. Most frequent factors are the following: poorer personal and general states of hygiene, lower standard of living with general lack of food of all kinds, physical strains, exposure to psychotraumas, temperature and climatic changes, life in collective centres and siege, constant migrations of the population, captivity molesting and stay in prisoners camps. The problems, that the health service has, and that are greater than those of the population, have been pointed out. The following diseases have been registered: "common colds" which affect respiratory tract, peptic ulcers, dyspeption, gastritis, malnutrition, enterocolytis and TBC. The most frequent diseases of endocrine glands are: diabetes mellitus, thyreotoxicosis and hypertension. The prolonged hospital stay of the wounded and the patients, as long as 6-7 months, because of their waiting to be transported abroad, or to their homes, is criticized, because as a result of that hospitalisation of the acute patients has been impossible.
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PMID:[Internal diseases with special emphasis on endocrine disorders during war conditions]. 775 95

Acute care hospital morbidity of the Blood Indian Band was compared with that of all Albertans between April 1, 1984 and March 31, 1987. The Blood Indians had over 2.5 times as many hospital separations and 2.2 times as many patient days as the Albertans. The highest separation rare ratios by ICD-9-CM chapter for both Blood males and females were for endocrine, metabolic and nutritional disorders. Blood females had higher rate ratios for hospitalizations for all chapters except neoplasms and Blood males had higher rate ratios for all except congenital anomalies and neoplasms. For individual conditions, Blood males had the highest separation rate ratios for alcohol dependence syndrome, gastritis/duodenitis and diabetes mellitus. Bronchitis/emphysema and diabetes mellitus had the highest rate ratios for Blood females. The results are consistent with those reported in other studies of North American Indians. Their health status is more consistent with a developing country than that expected in Canada and does not appear to be improving.
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PMID:Acute care hospital morbidity in the Blood Indian Band, 1984-87. 780 35

A 48-year-old woman with type II diabetes developed fatigue, arthralgia and myalgia. A few weeks later she was found to have hepatomegaly. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was raised (53/93 mm), as were liver enzyme activities (GOT 186 U/l; GPT 240 U/l; gamma-GT 199 U/l), the gamma-globulin levels (40.7%;IgG 4470 mg/dl, IgA 698 mg/dl, IgM 245 mg/dl), antinuclear antibodies and antibodies against double-strand DNA, smooth muscles and actin. Laparoscopy revealed small-nodular liver cirrhosis. The autoimmune hepatitis was treated with prednisolone (initially 60 mg daily, then reduced to 10 mg daily) and azathioprine (initially 100 mg daily, reduced to 50 mg daily). The symptoms markedly improved. But one year later, during follow-up examination, gastric polyps were found, excised and histologically found to be carcinoid. The gastrin level was raised to 765 pg/ml. Another year later the liver cirrhosis had advanced further and the type A gastritis was still present, but there was no sign of carcinoid recurrence.
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PMID:[Autoimmune hepatitis, autoimmune gastritis, hypergastrinemia and stomach carcinoid]. 788 17

A total of (152) patients who consecutively underwent extended pancreaticoduodenectomy between 1983 and August 1992 had reconstruction of alimentary continuity, using two independent jejunal loops. One for the fashioning of a pancreatic and biliary anastomosis and the other for creating the gastric anastomosis. From the results of this study it has been shown that the present technique is contributing to low mortality, early morbidity and a satisfactory quality of post-operative life in long-term survivors. Four patients died during the first 30 days after surgery, and only 25% of those with confirmed pancreaticojejunal anastomotic leakages required early reoperation. Moreover, no patient developed marginal ulceration, or reflux gastritis, or dumping, while the incidence of steatorrhea and diabetes mellitus remained low. Additionally, the present technique makes locoregional radical surgery possible and we thus believe that it merits consideration with respect to the choice of method of reconstruction of alimentary continuity after extended pancreaticoduodenectomy. The present technique has been proved to be safe, simple and effective in fulfilling current demands on resectional pancreatic surgery, particularly in the case of pancreatic malignancies, and can therefore be recommended.
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PMID:Technical considerations and results of a "new" method of reconstruction of alimentary continuity after duodenopancreatectomy. 790 60

Possible new indications for the use of octreotide are discussed. In October 1988, octreotide received FDA-approved labeling for use in the management of carcinoid syndrome and vipomas. Since that time, research results and clinical experience have accumulated that suggest a potentially much broader therapeutic role for octreotide. Reports continue to be published on the use of octreotide for treating pituitary tumors, gastroenteropancreatic tumors, diabetes mellitus, AIDS-associated diarrhea, autonomic neuropathy, pancreatitis, pancreatic pseudocysts and ascites, complications of pancreatic surgery and transplantation, ileostomy-associated diarrhea, enterocutaneous fistulas, pancreatic fistulas, dumping syndrome, short bowel syndrome, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Other emerging indications for the use of octreotide include psoriasis, hypercalcemia, cancer-related pain, polycystic ovary syndrome, and certain cancers. In children, octreotide has been studied for use in treating hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. Along with the common adverse effects of octreotide, such as pain at the injection site and nausea, less frequent effects, such as cholelithiasis, gallbladder hypercontractility, and gastritis have now been described. Much of what has been learned is based on small uncontrolled studies and case reports, since the rarity of many of the conditions for which octreotide has shown promise has tended to preclude larger studies. As clinical experience with octreotide accumulates and better-designed trials are completed where possible, a broader therapeutic role for octreotide is likely to be recognized.
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PMID:Emerging indications for octreotide therapy, Part 1. 804 37

For the study of the microcirculatory disturbance of the digestive tract in patients with diabetes, 41 cases with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were selected (mean age 53.9 Yrs., 22 male/19 female). Of these patients 9 were without complication, and 32 with complications. Gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) was determined at 14 points of laser and greater curvature, anterior and posterior wall of antrum, angle and corpus of stomach, pylorus and anterior wall of duodenum with laser Doppler flowmetry (PF2). Results showed that the mean value of the 14 points of GMBF in 41 patients with NIDDM was 2.81 +/- 0.15(V, mean +/- s mean), which was significantly lower than that of 11 normal subjects (4.77 +/- 0.29V, P < 0.001). The mean GMBF of 8 cases of NIDDM without gastric disease was 2.92 +/- 0.28V, which was also lower than that of normal control (61.2% of normal value, P < 0.001). The GMBF in 27 cases of diagnosed chronic superficial gastritis (CSG 2.79 +/- 0.15V) was lower than the GMBF of 63 CSG patients without NIDDM (3.23 +/- 0.12V, P < 0.05). The viscosity of blood and plasma was determined with NAAKE viscometer in 26 patients with NIDDM. It was found that the blood viscosity was significantly higher than that of the normal control, and the plasma viscosity was also increased but without statistic significance. Results showed that the GMBF of NIDDM was significantly lower than that of the normal subjects or CSG patients without diabetes. It implied that the visceral microcirculatory disturbance also involved the digestive system leading to the GMBF decrease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Gastric mucosal blood flow and blood viscosity in patients with diabetes]. 811 48

Beta-cell function and islet cell antibodies were studied in six patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I. All suffered from mucocutaneous candidiasis, five had adrenocortical insufficiency and three hypoparathyroidism. All sera contained high titres of antibodies staining islets of Langerhans. Reactivity against glutamate decarboxylase, predominantly the 65 kDa isoform, was detected by immunoprecipitations and Western blots in five of the six sera, and all six sera immunoprecipitated a 51 kDa antigen from [35S]-methionine labelled rat islet cell lysates. No reactivity against this latter antigen was found in sera of patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (n = 9), Graves' disease (n = 5), autoimmune gastritis (n = 4), idiopathic Addison's disease (n = 7), or stiff-man syndrome (n = 2). The 51 kDa antigen was also detected by Western blots using homogenates of rat islets and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I patient sera, whereas no such reactivity was found with homogenates of testes, adrenals, small intestine, spleen, exocrine pancreas or brain. Moreover, the 51 kDa antigen was present in the rat insulinoma cell line RINm 5F but not in the SV-40 transformed, monkey kidney cell line COS, when examined by immunoprecipitations of [35S]-methionine labelled cell lysates and by Western blots. None of the patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I had symptoms of diabetes and their insulin responses to glucose challenge were normal. The data illustrate that patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I present an autoimmune response against islets of Langerhans, which is apparently different from that associated with classic Type 1 diabetes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Autoantibodies against a novel 51 kDa islet antigen and glutamate decarboxylase isoforms in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I. 815 Feb 32


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